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Disambig gray  本文章介绍的是普通活塞。关于可以拉回方块的活塞,请见“粘性活塞”。

活塞(Piston)是能够推动大多数方块的机械类方块。推动的方向取决于其朝向。

合成

材料 输入 » 输出
木板 +
圆石 +
铁锭 +
红石粉

作为合成材料

材料 输入 » 输出 描述
粘液球 + 活塞

粘性活塞

功能

  • 活塞在被放置时永远朝向玩家
  • 活塞是红石驱动型机械。当被激活时,他们的木质表面会向外延伸一个方块,能够推动在其延伸方向直线上的最多12个方块。[1][2]
  • 当回到未激活状态时,活塞不会拉回任何方块(但能够受重力影响的方块会下落)。如果你想拉回方块,请参见粘性活塞
  • 活塞的木质表面也能够推动玩家,生物与其他实体。然而,如果没有足够的空间推动,活塞臂仅仅会穿过该实体而不会给实体造成任何伤害。如果与压力板配合使用,能够将玩家或生物推出只有一格宽的走道,这是一种相当有效的陷阱
  • 伸出的活塞臂被认为是固体透明方块(类似玻璃)。如果活塞臂伸入玩家或生物,他们不会窒息,他们可以移动出活塞臂但无法再移动回去。
  • 类似地,如果被活塞推动的方块被推向玩家生物,他们会被推动。然而,如果没有足够的空间推动,这个方块会占据玩家或生物所在的空间。如果该方块是非透明方块,那么玩家或生物会窒息。
  • 当方块正在被推动的过程中,它(们)会暂时为非固体,从而导致本来位于被推动方块上的玩家、生物或物品会掉下去,穿过正在被推动的方块。
  • 因为液体无法穿过活塞臂,所以活塞能够用于控制液体流动。
  • 活塞也能推动矿车。注意如果矿车位于铁轨上,铁轨也会被一起推动。如果被推动的方向没有空间或者下方没有方块,铁轨会掉落为可捡起的物品。
  • 通过设计合理的红石电路的控制,活塞可以用于制作非常快的电梯。

推动方块

  • 仙人掌南瓜南瓜灯甘蔗龙蛋在被活塞推动时会变成掉落的物品。(如果尝试制作可以伸出/收回的光源,你可以使用萤石块,也可以用基本等效的红石灯。)
  • 西瓜在被活塞推动时会变成西瓜片
  • 蜘蛛网在被活塞推动时会变成线
  • 活塞无法推动岩浆,仅仅会占据并代替该液体方块。
  • 活塞无法推动大多数“附着在其他方块”上的方块,例如拉杆火把红石线告示牌等。被推动时这些方块也会变成掉落的物品。但是下列方块会出现例外情况:
    • 活板门,当且仅当其附着方块的一侧在被推动后也会依附另一个固态方块时才可以被成功推动。
    • 铁轨(与充能铁轨探测铁轨)只要在新的位置上时下方仍然为固体方块时才能被成功推动。如果可能的话,铁轨在新的位置会重新计算自己的走向(就像被玩家手动放置时一样)。
  • 依附在另一方块上的方块当其依附的方块被推动时也会变成掉落的物品,除非推动后位于其原来依附的方块所在位置的新方块也能被依附。例如,位于一个可以“自我修复”的圆石结构上的火把就可以保持依附状态。
  • 活塞无法推动超过12个方块的长链,这时活塞臂无法伸出。

激活活塞

注:关于“强充能”与“弱充能”等术语,详见红石电路

  • 活塞能够被任意一个与其非木质表面相邻的被充能的固态非透明方块激活(无论充能强弱均可。“被充能的方块”定义广泛,详见红石电路章节)。
    • 活塞能被任一个与其非木质表面相邻的红石火把激活。
    • 如果活塞位于红石火把正上方,活塞会由于被红石火把注入电能而被激活。
  • 活塞能够被上方隔一格之上的方块,或是活塞侧面上方的方块激活——但满足这个激活条件之后,活塞临近方块必须更新才可以让活塞臂伸出——而且,当激活条件不被满足后,活塞临近方块要再次更新才能让活塞臂缩回。(该活塞如果临近另一活塞,那个活塞缩回会导致更新,但伸出不会)详见方块更新感应器章节。
  • 红石线与红石中继器传输电能指向的一端的活塞都能被激活,而且该活塞下方的活塞(如果有的话)也能被激活。这让您能够建造一排完全由活塞构成的墙。正如上一条所说,红石线也会使其下方的方块充能,从而激活刚刚的两个活塞再下面的活塞。但由于那个漏洞,该活塞无法更新自己的状态。详见方块更新感应器章节。
    • 红石中继器只能注入电能到活塞,而由于活塞的透明性,活塞被激活时并不视为“被充能”,从而无法继续将电能传到相邻的红石线上。
  • 当活塞托举着一个受重力影响的方块(例如沙子)并不断迅速地伸缩,该方块会最终掉落为物品。然而,沙石不会掉落为燧石

一般用途

File:Mcelevator-aerial.jpg

一个活塞电梯(飞行视角)

File:Mcelevator-ground.jpg

一个活塞电梯(地面视角)

File:8x8elevator.png

一个活塞电梯(占地面积8x8的简单设计)

File:Bridge-down.png

活塞桥(收回状态)

File:Bridge-up.png

活塞桥(伸出状态)

  • 活塞/粘性活塞通常通过推拉方块来模拟门的开关[3],当然也可以利用此特性制作陷阱。
  • 活塞可用于制作可自我修复的桥梁或墙体。详见圆石生产器
  • 与红石中继器配合使用的话,可以建造任何不包含红石火把的纵向逻辑门,而且可以绕过红石火把“燃尽”的缺点。
  • 由于活塞将方块推入玩家可使之窒息,故活塞可以用于制造窒息陷阱,而且结构简单,容易复位。
  • 通过将方块循环推动,活塞时钟可参与制作活塞版的延迟线存储器。如果配合绝缘的透明方块,您可以用红石中继器将信号传出去。把这类结构扩展到三维的话可以得到更多功能。[4][5]
  • 活塞还可以用于矿车的发车:在朝上的活塞上放一个方块,方块上铺设铁轨线路,再在该铁轨旁的铁轨上放一个矿车。活塞被激活后,矿车下的铁轨会变成倾斜状态,从而启动矿车。
  • 活塞可以用于推动玻璃与冰这类无法获取的方块。
  • 活塞可以用于半自动的耕种。用附着着固态方块(一般使用泥土)的粘性活塞能够将小麦甘蔗变成掉落的物品,然后手动重新种植。
  • 通过面对头顶上方的方块底部放置活塞可以使活塞朝下,从而能够将方块向下推。
  • 活塞可用于制作可开关的窗户。
  • 活塞可用于制作任意高度的电梯。您可以像建造旋转楼梯一样先放置环绕着1格粗的立柱的朝上的活塞,然后每个朝上活塞都需要比其高3格的横向活塞用以把被朝上活塞推上一格的玩家挪到下一个朝向活塞上去。这种设计需要巨大的空间(11x11横截面)与不少红石(除了第一个活塞之外,给其他的活塞供电的中继器都需要被设到第三档)。右面的截图中有稍简单的8x8横截面的设计,此外也有更优秀的设计,这里不一一列举。
  • 除了“旋转楼梯”型活塞电梯,您也可以建成一条直线的“扶梯”。原理相同。
  • 通过拉杆控制,建造自动活塞桥也很容易。活塞由下方的红石火把供电,红石火把依附的方块由侧面的红石线供电(奇数活塞由左侧供电,偶数活塞由右侧供电)。所以活塞桥下需要纵截面5x2的空间容纳电路。如果要做到两边的拉杆都能控制,使用异或门或者RS锁存器即可。

历史

最早活塞是在Minecraft官方论坛上发布的一个MOD,由Hippoplatimus创作。[6]之后活塞的源代码被作者交到了Jeb手中,Jeb随后将其加入到了原版Minecraft。然而,由于Jeb那时忙于携带版的开发,活塞直到Beta 1.7才加入,与其一同加入的还有粘性活塞

在Beta 1.7_01与Beta 1.7.2中,有一个漏洞会使活塞与粘性活塞复制方块。随后1.7.3该漏洞就被修正了。

Hippoplatimus自己也被列在了游戏开发人员名单的“附加编程”中,与他一同被列入的也有其它对原版Minecraft有贡献的MOD制作者们。

漏洞

File:Isolated-Block-34.png

活塞臂漏洞

File:BlockDeletion.png

当被粘性活塞拉回同时被下方的活塞推出,圆石方块会消失。

File:PistonTextureGlitch.png

活塞材质漏洞

File:PistonGlitch.png

活塞臂漏洞的一种表现形式

File:Doublepiston.png

活塞臂漏洞

File:Stuck piston glitch.png

一个活塞同时卡在了激活与未激活状态

File:Double pistons.png

非常罕见的双活塞臂漏洞。可用于建造单线活塞铁路或自建造房屋。

  • 如果活塞推拉一个方块速度过快时你破坏该方块,你能够得到36号方块;破坏活塞臂旁边的方块能使您得到活塞臂
  • 如果伸出的活塞对角线相邻的方块之一被激活,活塞将无法缩回。[7]
  • If two extended pistons are one above the other, the lower one cannot retract until the upper one retracts.[8] If the top one will start extending while bottom one is still retracting, the last will start extending as well.
  • If a sticky piston would pull a block back and another piston is waiting to push out to the spot that block would occupy after being pulled, the block is deleted.
  • Powering pistons with a redstone torch in some cases seems to always consider the torch as "on", even if powered off.
  • Rear part of a piston during retracting has no collision: when pistons point down it is possible to glitch through them when they retract,[9] it is also possible to glitch through a retracting piston while walking against it.[10]
  • Blocks being pushed by a piston have no collision in certain places.[11]
  • When a sticky piston pulls a door, it becomes a half door attached to the piston.
  • A piston attached to a sticky piston may disappear when extended into flowing water.
  • Light passes through pistons, both normal and sticky, powered and unpowered of both types.
  • If a sticky piston is pulled down by another sticky piston, it will not pull the block it is attached to with it.
  • If a piston (or a block being moved by a piston) attempts to push a gravity-affected block in the proccess of falling, it will destroy the block, sometimes without dropping it to be collected. Therefore, mechanisms that invole repeatedly moving sand or gravel towers must let all blocks come to rest before continuing.
  • Double piston can be created using unknown methods, The side piston can only be powered from above and if its powered from beneath it will retract and vanish, this bug seems to break SMP servers, therefore no tutorials are available yet.[12]
  • Pistons can get stuck on and off simultaneously. The only way to fix this is to either destroy the piston and replace it or pull the stuck piston with a sticky piston.
  • When a piston or a sticky piston is placed upwards (with the redstone input being located 1 block bellow) and a rapid pulse signal is applied to the redstone, if the player tries to break the piston or sticky piston with any item, block, tool, or hand, the piston or sticky piston will break, dropping an item, but leaving a breakable piston head in mid-air. Click the following reference to see this bug.[13]
  • If a Piston is facing upwards and a gravity-effected block (such as Sand) is put on it (if using a Sticky Piston, any block works) and Redstone Dust is put near it, and the player puts a Redstone Torch on top of the Redstone Dust, then the player gets an extra Redstone Torch. However, this only works if the player if the Redstone Dust is on the North or South sides. This is demonstrated in this video.
  • Although Sticky Pistons can also move Minecart Rail up like normal ones, retracting the Piston turns the rail back into an item. It is advised to use normal Pistons for rail movement to avoid losing them when the Piston is turned off.
  • if the player was to place 4 pistons in water together and put sand inside all four,making sure that they were facing outwards,then putting a piston on top of the sand and then more sand on top followed by a lever,standing on the sand and pulling the lever they would get the saving chunks screen and crashing. Unknown if fixed.
  • In Beta 1.7, it was possible to crash a server using pistons and redstone.
  • Stacking 2 pistons on top of each other (facing to any side, not up or down), then powering the top piston only, then breaking the block below the stack, will cause the bottom piston to extend by a phantom power source, and get stuck. Powering/unpowering the bottom piston normally usually will not retract it, unless it is perfectly synchronized with the upper piston. All blocks around the glitched piston can be removed, creating an extended piston that floats in the air, powered by itself.

你知道吗

  • If a piston pushes a gravity-affected block over a hole, the block will fall, even if attached to a sticky piston.
  • Pistons cannot be used to 'crush' players or mobs against walls. A piston will simply pass through them if this is attempted. However, blocks being pushed by piston will crush players and mobs and suffocate them, making it useful for traps.
  • If attached from up above, pistons may be able to push blocks downwards and suffocate the player or mobs.
  • Pistons can be placed near cacti so that when they are activated, and if the pushing end is adjacent to the base of a cactus, the cactus will break.
  • Pistons will break leaves when pushed.
  • If you push a burning block, the block will be put out. If you push a row of burning blocks, they will all stay on fire except for the farthest one.
  • Pistons can be used to create logic gates. These may be more space efficient than standard gates and clocks created from them can also operate at much higher speeds without burnout.
  • Pistons may also be used the same way one-way or minecart-only soul sand gates work by putting an extended piston one block above a minecart track allowing only small or tiny slimes, cave spiders, and chickens to enter. Doing this keeps pursuing mobs out (except for slimes). When a minecart passes through the player will not be suffocated and continue going. Alternatively they can be used to make entire 2 block high doors for minecarts on a slope, since if a block is put adjacent to the theoretical hypotenuse of the slope it will touch the rails, but not cut them off and will allow no space for any mobs at all.
  • Pistons can be mined with bare hands in less than 2 seconds.
  • Pistons Share the #1 spot with cake for crafting complexity, each requiring 4 individual items to make the item itself. However, Pistons have a much shorter crafting chain, requiring at minimum having crafted an iron pick.
  • Pistons do not work at the lowest level of bedrock (or the level above the Void).
  • The original piston texture had an iron band running over the head, it was later removed, only leaving iron brackets around the corners and edges.

画廊

参考

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另见

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