你可以幫助我們來翻譯此條目,但請勿使用機器翻譯。
因為這是Wiki的一個條目,可以在任何時間內被任何人編輯,因此建議你不要完全使用這個腳本,而是將其當作編寫腳本的指導手冊看待。
這是一個可供參考的 Minecraft 啟動腳本示例,並使用 GNU/Linux distros 對腳本進行維護。
先決條件
必須安裝 Screen 包。
CentOs 和基於 Red Hat 系統的命令如下:
yum install screen
基於 Debian 系統(如 Ubuntu)的命令如下:
apt-get install screen
下載
要使用 wget 方法,執行下列腳本。(注意腳本需要修改 - 變更 WORLD、MCPATH 和 BACKUPPATH 變數)
重要:如果你使用 wget 方法,每行的第一個字元必須是空格,否則腳本不會工作,並且 update-rc.d 會輸出錯誤。如果出現了,你不得不移除每行所有的前導空格。(注意不要刪除過多的空格!)
wget -O minecraft "http://minecraft.gamepedia.com/Tutorials/Server_startup_script/Script?action=raw"
#!/bin/bash
# /etc/init.d/minecraft
# version 0.4.1 2015-05-07 (YYYY-MM-DD)
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: minecraft
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs screen-cleanup
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs
# Should-Start: $network
# Should-Stop: $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Minecraft server
# Description: Starts the minecraft server
### END INIT INFO
#Settings
SERVICE='minecraft_server.jar'
SCREENNAME='minecraft_server'
OPTIONS='nogui'
USERNAME='minecraft'
WORLD='world'
MCPATH='/home/minecraft'
BACKUPPATH='/media/remote.share/minecraft.backup'
MAXHEAP=2048
MINHEAP=1024
HISTORY=1024
CPU_COUNT=1
INVOCATION="java -Xmx${MAXHEAP}M -Xms${MINHEAP}M -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC \
-XX:+CMSIncrementalPacing -XX:ParallelGCThreads=$CPU_COUNT -XX:+AggressiveOpts \
-jar $SERVICE $OPTIONS"
ME=`whoami`
as_user() {
if [ "$ME" = "$USERNAME" ] ; then
bash -c "$1"
else
su - "$USERNAME" -c "$1"
fi
}
mc_start() {
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is already running!"
else
echo "Starting $SERVICE..."
cd $MCPATH
as_user "cd $MCPATH && screen -h $HISTORY -dmS ${SCREENNAME} $INVOCATION"
sleep 7
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is now running."
else
echo "Error! Could not start $SERVICE!"
fi
fi
}
mc_saveoff() {
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is running... suspending saves"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"say SERVER BACKUP STARTING. Server going readonly...\"\015'"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"save-off\"\015'"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"save-all\"\015'"
sync
sleep 10
else
echo "$SERVICE is not running. Not suspending saves."
fi
}
mc_saveon() {
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is running... re-enabling saves"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"save-on\"\015'"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"say SERVER BACKUP ENDED. Server going read-write...\"\015'"
else
echo "$SERVICE is not running. Not resuming saves."
fi
}
mc_stop() {
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "Stopping $SERVICE"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"say SERVER SHUTTING DOWN IN 10 SECONDS. Saving map...\"\015'"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"save-all\"\015'"
sleep 10
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"stop\"\015'"
sleep 7
else
echo "$SERVICE was not running."
fi
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "Error! $SERVICE could not be stopped."
else
echo "$SERVICE is stopped."
fi
}
mc_update() {
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is running! Will not start update."
else
as_user "cd $MCPATH && wget -q -O $MCPATH/versions http://s3.amazonaws.com/Minecraft.Download/versions/versions.json"
snap=`awk -v linenum=3 'NR == linenum {print; exit}' "$MCPATH/versions"`
snapVersion=`echo $snap | awk -F'\"' '{print $4}'`
re=`awk -v linenum=4 'NR == linenum {print; exit}' "$MCPATH/versions"`
reVersion=`echo $re | awk -F'\"' '{print $4}'`
as_user "rm $MCPATH/versions"
if [ "$1" == "snapshot" ]; then
MC_SERVER_URL=http://s3.amazonaws.com/Minecraft.Download/versions/$snapVersion/minecraft_server.$snapVersion.jar
else
MC_SERVER_URL=http://s3.amazonaws.com/Minecraft.Download/versions/$reVersion/minecraft_server.$reVersion.jar
fi
as_user "cd $MCPATH && wget -q -O $MCPATH/minecraft_server.jar.update $MC_SERVER_URL"
if [ -f $MCPATH/minecraft_server.jar.update ]
then
if `diff $MCPATH/$SERVICE $MCPATH/minecraft_server.jar.update >/dev/null`
then
echo "You are already running the latest version of $SERVICE."
else
as_user "mv $MCPATH/minecraft_server.jar.update $MCPATH/$SERVICE"
echo "Minecraft successfully updated."
fi
else
echo "Minecraft update could not be downloaded."
fi
fi
}
mc_backup() {
mc_saveoff
NOW=`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%Hh%M"`
BACKUP_FILE="$BACKUPPATH/${WORLD}_${NOW}.tar"
echo "Backing up minecraft world..."
#as_user "cd $MCPATH && cp -r $WORLD $BACKUPPATH/${WORLD}_`date "+%Y.%m.%d_%H.%M"`"
as_user "tar -C \"$MCPATH\" -cf \"$BACKUP_FILE\" $WORLD"
echo "Backing up $SERVICE"
as_user "tar -C \"$MCPATH\" -rf \"$BACKUP_FILE\" $SERVICE"
#as_user "cp \"$MCPATH/$SERVICE\" \"$BACKUPPATH/minecraft_server_${NOW}.jar\""
mc_saveon
echo "Compressing backup..."
as_user "gzip -f \"$BACKUP_FILE\""
echo "Done."
}
mc_command() {
command="$1";
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
pre_log_len=`wc -l "$MCPATH/logs/latest.log" | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "$SERVICE is running... executing command"
as_user "screen -p 0 -S ${SCREENNAME} -X eval 'stuff \"$command\"\015'"
sleep .1 # assumes that the command will run and print to the log file in less than .1 seconds
# print output
tail -n $[`wc -l "$MCPATH/logs/latest.log" | awk '{print $1}'`-$pre_log_len] "$MCPATH/logs/latest.log"
fi
}
#Start-Stop here
case "$1" in
start)
mc_start
;;
stop)
mc_stop
;;
restart)
mc_stop
mc_start
;;
update)
mc_stop
mc_backup
mc_update $2
mc_start
;;
backup)
mc_backup
;;
status)
if pgrep -u $USERNAME -f $SERVICE > /dev/null
then
echo "$SERVICE is running."
else
echo "$SERVICE is not running."
fi
;;
command)
if [ $# -gt 1 ]; then
shift
mc_command "$*"
else
echo "Must specify server command (try 'help'?)"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|update|backup|status|restart|command \"server command\"}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
需求
安裝
使用你喜歡的編輯器在 /etc/init.d/ 目錄裡建立 minecraft 的檔案,將上面的內容粘貼到那個檔案裡。
修改 USERNAME 和 MCPATH - 你安裝時要使用的變數。如果你使用 Wrapper Script,變更 INVOCATION 來開始執行而不是直接啟動伺服器。
確保你新建立的檔案得到了所需的權限,你可以透過執行下列命令設定權限:
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/minecraft
然後執行(在基於 Debian 系統的發行版上)
update-rc.d minecraft defaults
啟動 Debian 6.0。如果使用 dependency-based 啟動開啟,則使用 insserv 命令替代。如果一切正常,insserv 將不會有任何的輸出。如果你想確認哪個地方出錯,檢查 $? 裏面的錯誤代碼。
insserv minecraft
在 CentOs 和 RHEL(Redhat enterprise Linux)
你將會在 systemd 裡向 chkconfig 列表的 chkconfig 啟動腳本管理器加入過程。
chkconfig --add minecraft
要檢查是否已正確加入過程,使用 ntsysv 命令,然後一直捲動,直到你看見有 minecraft 過程。如果你看不見,重複 chkconfig 命令,然後加上一些需要的符號連結。
註:你的系統更多時候會警吿你腳本不能滿足所有的需求,但是腳本仍然會工作。
你也可以在 crontab 裡設定一個條目來備份伺服器。
該示例 crontab 會每隔半小時進行備份:
- 使用你想執行的用户帳户,執行:
crontab -e
然後加上這個:
0,30 * * * * /etc/init.d/minecraft backup
如果因為你不知道如何使用 vi 而造成上面的效果不佳,嘗試:
VISUAL=/usr/bin/nano crontab -e
Uninstall
(In debian based GNU/Linux distribution)
update-rc.d -f minecraft remove
(In CentOs/RHEL)
chkconfig --del minecraft
Usage
The script may be invoked via the following command on most systems, where "(command)" will be "stop", "start", "restart", or any of the other options it supports.
/etc/init.d/minecraft (command)
On most RedHat- or Debian-based distribution where the `service` command is available, it should be invoked as:
service minecraft (command)
To view the screen, use:
screen -r
To exit the screen, use:
CTRL+a+d
References
- http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/28
- https://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot
Extra information
If you still want to view the live log file, use this command in the server directory.
tail -f logs/latest.log
Alternative Startup Scripts
The following scripts offer the same functions as the above script but contain more useful features:
- Minecraft Server Manager An improvement of this script with comprehensive features and multi-server support.
- Features include "super responsive" commands return as soon as possible, minimising player down time.
- Keeps players informed with configurable in-game messages, such as "Shutting down in 10 seconds!"
- Periodical WorldEdit compatible world backups.
- Load worlds into RAM for fast access reducing lag.
- Tab completion on all commands makes learning easy.
- Visit Minecraft Server Manager's GitHub page for the full list of features.
- mcwrapper
- [Multi World] Minecraft Server Control Script
- Run multiple Minecraft worlds.
- Start, stop, and restart single or multiple worlds.
- Create, delete, disable, and enable worlds.
- Supports CraftBukkit in addition to the standard Mojang server distribution.
- Users automatically notified of important server events.
- Uses the Minecraft Query protocol to keep track of current server conditions.
- LSB and systemd compatible init script, allows for seamless integration with your server's startup and shutdown sequences.
- Map worlds using the Minecraft Overviewer mapping software.
- Backup worlds, and remove backups older than X days.
- Update the server software and installed addons.
- Send commands to a world server from the command line.
- MC Sheller
- Minecraft Systemd Service A nice systemd service that features:
- safe shutdown using rcon
- protection of the system by making most of the system readonly
- uses systemd journal to log
- can be combined with a nice commandcenter script
- is fully integrated in the systemd-toolchain
- minecraft init
- modification of this script with a lot more features like multiworld
- Minecraft Service
- Dagmar d'Surreal's Sysv init script
- Setsuna-Xero's OpenRC(Gentoo) compatible init script, with conf.d defaults
- Mineserv Perl Init Script
- A very simple automatic start/stop script with backup and cleanup functions and the ability to pass commands to the server console.
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