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A non-renewable resource (as opposed to a renewable resource) is a resource that can be obtained in survival without exploiting glitches or using commands, but can't be recreated indefinitely without doing so. While running out of most resources isn't likely to be a factor due to massive size of an Minecraft map, this is a list of resources that can't be produced indefinitely without eventually having to explore more terrain.

Most non-renewable resources aren't renewable because they can be only obtained trough crafting recipe which consumes non-renewable items, others can only be obtained by finding them as naturally generated blocks, in structure loot chests or as a drop from certain enemies which don't respawn; Elder guardians Illagers and shulkers, which only spawn as a part of structure generation, the Wither, which can only be spawned by the player using non-renewable soulsand

Many normally renewable resources become non-renewable if playing on peaceful difficulty, as monsters do not spawn.

The degree of impact non-renewability has on normal game play largely depends on how limited the resource in question is.

Non-renewable, but abundant

While technically not renewable, these resources or their non-renewable raw materials are so common in the default world generation that they are unlikely to be used up in even small areas of the map. The non-renewability may become significant in custom maps.

Resource Non-renewable products How to obtain
Andesite, Diorite, And Granite
Found in large veins in stone in overworld.
Can be crafted using nether quartz and stone.
Clay
Clay (Block) Obtained from breaking Clay Blocks, which are often found in small pockets in swamp biomes.
Coarse Dirt
Found in all Mega Taiga variants, Mesa Plateau F (M), and Savanna (Plateau) M Biomes
Can be crafted with dirt and gravel
Concrete Powder
Crafted from Gravel, Sand and a Dye
Dirt
Commonly found in most overworld biomes, under the layer of grass

Can be made by tilling Coarse Dirt with a Hoe
Breaking Grass, Mycelium or Podzol blocks without the silk touch enchantment, or Grass path blocks at all results in a dirt block dropping.

Flint and Steel
Crafted with Iron and Flint
Can be found in some Nether Fortress chests.
Gravel
Generates in large pockets underground, as a layer on the bottom of rivers and oceans, in the paths of some generated villages and in The Nether
Lava Bucket
Obtained by collecting lava with a Bucket, Lava generates in small lakes in The Overworld, in random pockets in The Nether, and in large amounts at low Y-levels in both dimensions
Nether Star
Dropped by The Wither, spawned using Soul Sand and Wither Skeleton Skulls
Nether Brick
Naturally generates in Nether Fortresses
Can be crafted from theNether Brick Items
Netherrack
Nether Brick (Item)Red Nether Brick Generates in massive quantities in the nether
Ores
Emerald ore generates underground in Extreme Hills Biomes
The other ores listed generate underground in all biomes of The Overworld.
Sand

Generates in desert biomes, on beaches and underwater in Swamps.
Sandstone
Generates under the sand layer in deserts, and in desert villages, wells and temples.
Can be crafted from Sand
Soul Sand
Generates in large quantities in The Nether
TNT
Can be crafted with Sand and Gunpowder
Generates in small quantities in desert temples
Terracotta
Generates large quantities in Mesa Biomes, can be made by smelting Clay (block)

Non-renewable, less abundant

These resources are less common, and players may be forced to explore further out to find more, especially on servers involved in multiple large building projects using them. Often they don't really run out, but the remaining material is far harder to collect than it is to just explore more. For example nether quartz generates throughout netherrack, but most players only harvest the veins visible from on cavern surfaces.

Resource Non-renewable products How to obtain
Cobweb
Can be collected with shears from Strongholds and abandoned mineshafts.
Dead Bush
Can be collected with shears in Mesa and Desert Biomes.
Diamond Ore
Generates in veins in overworld, bellow Y=16.
Diamond
Obtained by mining [Diamond Ore]
Can be found in chests in most types of generated structures.
Can be crafted from Blocks of Diamond
Horse Armor
Can be found in generated chests of various generated structures.
Nether Quartz Ore
Generates in medium-sized veins in the nether
Packed Ice
Can be collected with a Silk Touch-enchanted tool from the ice plains spikes Biome.
Podzol
Can be collected with a Silk Touch-enchanted tool from mega taiga Biomes.
Red Sand
Spawns as a thin layer in Mesa biomes.
Shulker Shell
Dropped by Shulkers, which spawn as a part of End Cities.
Wet Sponge
Spawn in the sponge rooms of some Ocean Monuments
Dropped by Elder Guardians
Formed when water touches a Sponge.

Non-renewable, rare

These resources are limited enough to force players wander far and wide to find them in any significant quantity, especially on servers.

Resource Non-renewable products How to obtain
Dragon Egg
Spawns on top of The End return portal when The Enderdragon is defeated for the first time, only 1 is obtainable in each world.
Dragon Head
Spawns as a part of the ships of End Cities.
Elytra
Spawns on the ships of End Cities.
Totem of Undying
Dropped by Evokers, who generate with [Woodlands Mansion]]s.
Enchanted Golden Apple
Rarely found in the chests of dungeons, desert temples, abandoned mineshafts and woodland mansions

Bedrock Edition

Legacy Console Edition

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