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Renewable Resources are resources that can be recreated indefinitely. While running out of resources isn't likely to be a factor due to theoretically infinite (and still quite vast in practice) map generation, this is a list of resources that can produced over and over without having to explore for more.

The listed Fully Renewable Products are items which can be crafted or smelted using only renewable resources. Note that TNT and arrows are created from a combination of renewable and non-renewable resources (them being Sand and Flint, respectively).

Fully renewable resources

These resources do not require any nonrenewable items in order to be collected.

Resource Renewable Products Method
Saplings and Trees
File:Grid Sapling.pngFile:Grid Sapling Spruce.pngFile:Grid Sapling Birch.png
File:Grid Wood.pngFile:Grid Wood (Pine).pngFile:Grid Wood (Birch).pngFile:Grid Wooden Plank.pngFile:Grid Stick.pngFile:Grid Ladders.pngFile:Grid Fence.pngFile:Grid Fence Gate.pngFile:Grid Chest.pngFile:Grid Lever.pngFile:Grid Crafting Table.pngFile:Grid Bookshelf.pngFile:Grid Wooden Door.pngFile:Grid Trapdoor.pngFile:Grid Bow.pngFile:Grid Fishing Rod.pngFile:Grid Sign.pngFile:Grid Bowl.pngFile:Grid Mushroom Stew.pngFile:Grid Painting.pngFile:Grid Boat.pngFile:Grid Wooden Stairs.pngFile:Grid Wooden Slab.pngFile:Grid Wooden Pressure Plate.pngFile:Grid Charcoal (Item).pngFile:Grid Torch.pngFile:Grid Bed.pngFile:Grid Wooden Sword.pngGrid Wooden PickaxeFile:Grid Wooden Shovel.pngFile:Grid Wooden Axe.pngFile:Grid Wooden Hoe.png Trees can be grown from Saplings placed on lit Dirt; breaking trees' Leaves drops saplings. See Tree farming. Charcoal can be produced by smelting any kind of log.
Wool
File:Grid White Wool.png
File:Grid Light Gray Wool.pngFile:Grid Gray Wool.pngFile:Grid Black Wool.pngFile:Grid Brown Wool.pngFile:Grid Pink Wool.pngFile:Grid Green Wool.pngFile:Grid Lime Wool.pngFile:Grid Yellow Wool.pngFile:Grid Red Wool.pngFile:Grid Orange Wool.pngFile:Grid Painting.pngFile:Grid Bed.png Obtained by shearing/killing Sheep, or by crafting 4 strings dropped by spiders. Six of the shown colors (white, light gray, gray, black, brown and pink) occur naturally in sheep; green, lime, red, orange and yellow wool require renewable dyes to produce.
Cobblestone
File:Grid Cobblestone.png
File:Grid Stone.pngFile:Grid Lever.pngFile:Grid Stone Sword.pngGrid Stone PickaxeFile:Grid Stone Shovel.pngFile:Grid Stone Axe.pngFile:Grid Stone Hoe.pngGrid Stone Pressure PlateFile:Grid Stone Button.pngFile:Grid Stone Slab.pngFile:Grid Cobblestone Stairs.pngFile:Grid Cobblestone Slab.pngFile:Grid Furnace.pngFile:Grid Stone Brick.pngFile:Grid Stone Brick Stairs.pngFile:Grid Stone Brick Slab.png Let flowing Lava meet Water. (One should take care not to let the water come into contact with the lava source block, which will extinguish the lava to make obsidian.)
Crops
File:Grid Seeds.png
File:Grid Wheat.pngFile:Grid Bread.pngFile:Grid Cake.png Harvesting Crops may produce Seeds, which may be used to produce more Crops. May also be harvested from Tall Grass.
Sugar Canes
File:Grid Sugar Cane.png
File:Grid Sugar.pngFile:Grid Paper.pngGrid BookFile:Grid Bookshelf.pngFile:Grid Cake.png Will grow to 3 blocks high and can be trimmed or replanted. Must first be found in the world.
Cacti
Grid Cactus
File:Grid Cactus Green.pngFile:Grid Lime Dye.pngFile:Grid Green Wool.pngFile:Grid Lime Wool.png Will grow to 3 blocks high and can be trimmed or replanted. Must first be found in the world.
Pumpkin
File:Pumpkinseeds.png
PumpkinFile:Jack-O-Lantern.png Seeds are found in Abandoned Mine Shafts. Must first be found in the world.
Melon
File:Melonseeds.png
File:Melonslice.pngFile:Melon (Block).png Seeds are found in Abandoned Mine Shafts. You can also get seeds from putting a melon slice in a crafting table. Must first be found in the world.
Fish
File:Grid Raw Fish.png
File:Grid Cooked Fish.png Obtained by Fishing using a Fishing Rod.
Pork
File:Grid Raw Porkchop.png
File:Grid Cooked Porkchop.png Dropped by killed Pigs.
Cooked Porkchop
File:Grid Cooked Porkchop.png
File:Grid Cooked Porkchop.png Dropped by killing Pigs with Fire, killing Zombie Pigmen, or smelting raw porkchops.

However, Flint and Steel - a common and easy way to start fires (for burning pigs) - requires non-renewable Flint and Iron Ingots.

Leather
File:Grid Leather.png
File:Grid Leather Cap.pngFile:Grid Leather Tunic.pngFile:Grid Leather Pants.pngFile:Grid Leather Boots.png Dropped by killed Cows.
Feathers
File:Grid Feather.png
File:Grid Feather.png Dropped by killed Chickens. Has no fully renewable crafting use.
Raw Chicken
File:Grid Raw Chicken.png
File:Grid Raw Chicken.pngFile:Grid Cooked Chicken.png Dropped by killed Chickens (Raw Chicken) or smelting Raw Chicken (Cooked Chicken).
Gunpowder
File:Grid Gunpowder.png
File:Grid Gunpowder.png Dropped by killed Creepers and Ghasts. Has no fully renewable crafting use.
Ink Sacs
File:Grid Ink Sac.png
File:Grid Gray Dye.pngFile:Grid Light Gray Dye.pngFile:Grid Black Wool.pngFile:Grid Gray Wool.pngFile:Grid Light Gray Wool.png Dropped by killed Squids.
Arrows
File:Grid Arrow.png
File:Grid Arrow.png Dropped by killed Skeletons. Has no crafting use.
Bones
File:Grid Bone.png
File:Grid Bone Meal.pngFile:Grid Light Gray Dye.pngFile:Grid Gray Dye.pngFile:Grid Pink Dye.pngFile:Grid Lime Dye.pngFile:Grid White Wool.pngFile:Grid Light Gray Wool.pngFile:Grid Gray Wool.pngFile:Grid Pink Wool.pngFile:Grid Lime Wool.png Dropped by killed Skeletons.
String
File:Grid String.png
File:Grid White Wool.pngFile:Grid Bow.pngFile:Grid Fishing Rod.png Dropped by killed Spiders.
Eggs
File:Grid Egg.png
File:Grid Cake.png Dropped randomly by living Chickens.
Slimeballs
File:Grid Slimeball.png
File:Grid Magma Cream.png Dropped by killed Slimes.
Gold Nuggets
File:Grid Gold Nugget.png
File:Grid Gold (Ingot).pngFile:Grid Gold Sword.pngFile:Grid Gold Pickaxe.pngFile:Grid Gold Shovel.pngFile:Grid Gold Axe.pngFile:Grid Gold Hoe.pngFile:Grid Gold (Block).pngFile:Grid Gold Helmet.pngFile:Grid Gold Chestplate.pngFile:Grid Gold Leggings.pngFile:Grid Gold Boots.png Dropped by killed Zombie Pigmen.
Ghast Tears
File:Grid Ghast Tear.png
File:Grid Ghast Tear.png Dropped by killed Ghasts. Has no crafting use.
Blaze Rods
File:Grid Blaze Rod.png
File:Grid Blaze Powder.png Dropped by killed Blazes.
Ender Pearls
File:Grid Ender Pearl.png
File:Grid Ender Pearl.png Dropped by killed Endermen. Has no crafting use.
Rotten Flesh
File:Grid Rotten Flesh.png
File:Grid Rotten Flesh.png Dropped by killed Zombies and Zombie Pigmen.
Mushrooms
File:Grid Red Mushroom.pngFile:Grid Brown Mushroom.png
File:RedMushroomCap.pngFile:BrownMushroomCap.pngFile:RedMushroomStalk.pngFile:Grid Mushroom Stew.png Using Bone Meal on normal Mushrooms will grow them into Huge Mushrooms, if there is enough space, and can then be broken to get more of the normal mushroom. Normal mushrooms also spread slowly on their own.
Flowers
File:Grid Dandelion.pngFile:Grid Rose.png
File:Grid Dandelion Yellow.pngFile:Grid Rose Red.pngFile:Grid Orange Dye.pngFile:Grid Pink Dye.pngFile:Grid Yellow Wool.pngFile:Grid Red Wool.pngFile:Grid Orange Wool.pngFile:Grid Pink Wool.png Can occasionally spawn when Bone Meal is used to generate patches of Tall Grass.
Music Discs
File:Grid Green Disc.pngFile:Grid Gold Disc.png
Music Discs
File:Grid Green Disc.pngFile:Grid Gold Disc.png
Get a skeleton to kill a creeper with its arrows. Has no crafting use.
Snow
File:Grid Snowball.png
File:Grid Snowball.pngFile:Grid Snow (Block).png Snow is replaced whenever it snows, and is also produced by Snow Golems.

Renewable, but require nonrenewable resources

These resources require a one-time craft of a nonrenewable item in order to be collected. The resource then can be collected infinite times.

Resource Fully Renewable Products Method
Water
File:Grid Water Bucket.png
File:Grid Water.png Two water spring blocks in the appropriate pattern produce a third; see Water for details.

However, harvesting it requires a Bucket, which can be used unlimited times, but is made of non-renewable Iron.

Milk
File:Grid Milk Bucket.png
File:Grid Cake.png Obtained by milking Cows using a Bucket.

However, harvesting Milk for a cake requires 3 Buckets, which can be used unlimited times, but are made of non-renewable Iron.

Renewable at the expense of nonrenewable resources

These Resources gradually consume uses of non-renewable tools when collected.

Resource Renewable Products Method
Obsidian
File:Grid Obsidian.png
File:Grid Obsidian.png Entering a Nether Portal for which there is no matching exit will generate 14 free blocks of Obsidian. Only mining the corners will keep the portal (or the platform if you teleport into the middle of the air).

However, harvesting it requires a diamond pickaxe made from non-renewable Diamond.

Leaves
File:Grid Leaves.png
File:Grid Leaves.png Harvesting Leaf blocks from grown Trees using Shears will produce leaf blocks instead of saplings.

However, harvesting it requires Shears, made from non-renewable Iron.

Vines
File:Grid Vines.png
File:Grid Vines.png Vines can be found hanging from leaves in Swamp biomes. They grow downwards.

However, harvesting them also requires Shears, made from non-renewable Iron.

Tall Grass
File:Grid Tall Grass2.pngFile:Grid Tall Grass3.png
File:Grid Tall Grass2.pngFile:Grid Tall Grass3.png Tall grass can be made by using Bone Meal on grass.

However, harvesting it also requires Shears, made from non-renewable Iron.

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