The specific instructions are: actual renders with banners
A raid captain is the occurrence of an illager spawning with a
ominous banner on top of its head, usually a pillager or vindicator, or rarely an evoker.
Spawning
Raid captains spawn in the same conditions and occurrences of any illager, with no special occasions having one spawn and one spawning being completely randomized.
| Type of illager | Illager patrol | Raid | Pillager outpost | Woodland mansion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pillager | Yes, once | Yes, multiple times | Yes, multiple times | Never |
| Vindicator | Yes, once | Yes, multiple times | Never | Yes, multiple times |
| Evoker | Never | Yes, rarely | Never | Yes, rarely |
| Illusioner | Never | Never | Never | Never |
Illager patrols
One raid captain always spawns as part of an illager patrol, either a pillager or vindicator. In Bedrock Edition, if the difficulty is set to easy or normal, raid captains are always pillagers.
Raids
As part of raids an raid captain will spawn as a part of a group of pillagers, and sometimes spawn riding ravager. The captain will not cause another raid if killed, but when its banner drops, other illagers will rush to grab it.
Pillager outposts
Usually, 1-3 raid captains will also spawn in a pillager outpost - these are always pillagers.
Woodland mansions[Java Edition only]
Raid captains can also spawn in woodland mansions, which are either vindicators or evokers.
Drops
General
Upon death, any raid captain can drop:
- 1
ominous banner, unaffected by Looting and is always dropped.
Pillager
- 0–2 arrows, dropping more with the presence of Looting, up to 5[Bedrock Edition only].
- Its crossbow (can be loaded or unloaded) which has an 8.5% chance to be dropped (9.5% with Looting I, 10.5% with Looting II and 11.5% with Looting III). It will have a random durability, and can be enchanted.
Vindicator
- 0–1 emeralds, with the maximum increasing by 1 for every level of Looting.
- 8.5% chance of dropping their iron axe, which increases by 1 percentage point per level of Looting.
Evoker
- 1 Totem of Undying
- 0–1 Emerald if killed by the player.
- Looting increases the maximum drop of emeralds by 1 per level, up to 4 emeralds.
- Looting doesn't affect the totem of undying.
Illusioner
- Its bow which has an 8.5% chance to be dropped (9.5% with Looting I, 10.5% with Looting II and 11.5% with Looting III). It will have a random durability, and will not be enchanted.
Raider
In Bedrock Edition, raid captains that spawn from raids can additionally drop:
- 0-1 Emerald (up to 4 with looting III)
And has ?% chance to drop one of these items:
- 2-3 Emerald (up to 6 with looting III)
- 4-5 Emerald (up to 8 with looting III)
- Enchanted Book (enchantment level 30)
- Iron Sword (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Helmet (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Chestplate (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Leggings (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Boots (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Axe (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Pickaxe (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
- Iron Shovel (will be badly damaged, can be enchanted with random enchantment)
Behavior
Raid captains usually act the same as if they were a normal illager, but other illagers behind them will follow them and usually, the captain will take the lead ahead of the other illagers. Once a raid captain is killed by a player, the player will be inflicted with 1 level of bad omen effect, which can cause a raid to occur if they enter a village. The captain will drop its
ominous banner as well, and other illagers nearby will try and pick up that banner and become the next captain.
Raid captains are designated differently, depending if they spawned at a outpost or in a illager patrol. Both patrol and outpost captains grant one level of Bad Omen when killed.
Advancements
| Icon | Advancement | In-game description | Parent | Actual requirements (if different) | Resource location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Voluntary Exile | Kill a raid captain. Maybe consider staying away from villages for the time being... | Adventure | Kill an entity in the #raiders entity tag wearing an ominous banner.This is a hidden advancement, meaning that it can be viewed by the player only after completing it, regardless of if its child advancement(s), if any, have been completed. | adventure/voluntary_exile
|
Data values
- Individual entity IDs
- Pillager:
pillager - Vindicator:
vindicator - Evoker:
evoker
- Entity tag
- Pillagers, vindicators, and evokers:
#raiders
History
| Upcoming Java Edition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.14{{Extension DPL}}<ul><li>[[Shield|Shield]]<br/>{{Item
| image = Shield.png
| image2 = White Shield.png
| extratext = View [[#Gallery|all renders]]
| durability = 336
| renewable = Yes
| stackable = No
}}
A '''shield''' is a tool used for protecting the [[player]] against attacks.
== Obtaining ==
=== Crafting ===
{{Crafting
|head=1
|showname=0
|A1=Any Planks <!-- the recipe changed in 15w37a, do not change it to the old recipe without reason -->
|B1=Iron Ingot
|C1=Any Planks
|A2=Any Planks
|B2=Any Planks
|C2=Any Planks
|B3=Any Planks
|Output=Shield
|type=Combat
}}
{{Crafting
|ignoreusage=1
|Shield
|Matching Banner
|A2=Shield
|B2=Banner
|Output=Matching Shield
|type=combat
|foot=1
}}
=== Repairing ===
{{Crafting
|ignoreusage=1
|showdescription=1
|Damaged Shield
|Damaged Shield
|Output=Shield
|description= The durability of the two shields is added together, plus an extra 5% durability. The repaired shield has no pattern.
|type= Combat
}}
Shields may also be repaired on an [[anvil]] by using [[planks]] or another shield. Shields repaired on anvils retain their pattern.
=== Trading ===
Journeyman-level armorer [[villager]]s have {{frac|1|3}}{{only|Bedrock|short=1}}/{{frac|2|5}}{{only|Java|short=1}} chance of selling a shield for 5 [[emerald]]s as their sixth trade.
== Usage ==
Despite using iron in its crafting recipe, it cannot be smelted into [[iron nugget]]s.<ref>{{bug|MC-111738}}</ref>
=== Defense ===
Shields are used for [[blocking]] incoming attacks. {{control|Using}}{{Only|Java|short=1}} or {{Control|sneaking}}{{Only|Bedrock|short=1}} causes a player to slow to a [[sneaking]] pace, and after {{convert|5|ticks|seconds}}<ref>{{bug|MC-100949||Shield blocking is delayed}}</ref>, attacks coming from in front of the player are blocked, dealing no damage. When the shield blocks an attack of {{hp|3}} or stronger, it takes durability damage equal to the strength of the attack rounded up.
Most blocked projectiles that carry status effects (such as [[Shulker#Shulker bullet|shulker bullets]]{{only|java|short=1}}, flaming [[arrow]]s, or tipped arrows) do not affect the blocker. [[Trident]]s & arrows can be deflected into other targets. Knockback from melee attacks and projectiles is prevented, while knockback from [[explosion]]s, [[hoglin]], and [[ravager]] attacks are significantly reduced.
The shield directionally blocks all attacks coming from within the FOV of the direction the wielder is facing, providing a full hemisphere of coverage to them. If the wielder faces straight up, they are likely to miss their blocks.<ref>{{bug|MC-109101||Shields do not block damage while the player faces straight up}}</ref><!--straight down fix: MC-92019-->
Mobs that deal continuous contact damage such as the slime, magma cube, and blaze rapidly drain the shield's durability for as long as the shielded player remains within the mob's hitbox.<ref>{{bug|MC-169167}}</ref><ref>{{bug|MCPE-119451}}</ref>
Blockable attacks include:
*Melee attacks, except by a warden, axe-wielding mobs or by a sprinting player wielding an axe, however even without sprinting an axe still greatly decreases the durability
** Status effects do not carry through to the blocker{{only|java|short=1}}.
*Normal, tipped, and spectral [[arrow]]s
** Arrows other than [[Piercing]] are totally deflected and can hit other targets.
** Status effects do not carry through to the blocker{{only|java|short=1}}.
***This can be used to damage the attacker or another mob down there.
*[[Flame|Flaming arrows]]
** Burning does not carry through to the blocker{{only|java|short=1}}.
*[[Trident]]s
*[[Snowball]]s and [[egg]]s
*Spines from [[pufferfish]]
*Bullets from [[shulker]]s
** The levitation effect does not carry through to the blocker{{only|java|short=1}}.
*Spit from [[llama]]s
*[[Fireball]]s, such as from [[blaze]]s and [[fire charge]]s
** Burning does not carry through to the blocker.
*Direct hits from [[ghast]] [[fireball]]s
** These still cause environmental damage.
*All explosions{{only|JE|short=1}}
*Explosion damage from [[creeper]]s
*[[TNT]] that another player lit
*[[Ravager]] headbutts
** These still knock the blocker back by about 3 blocks.
** Blocking these strikes can stun the ravager for a moment, and it roars afterward.
*Ravager roars are blocked but still knock back the blocker.
*[[Bee]] stings are blocked, but bees continuously attack until the player stops blocking and the player is stung.
*Beam attacks from [[guardian]]s or [[elder guardian]]s (only reduces damage by 50%)
They cannot block:
*Arrows from a [[crossbow]] enchanted with [[Piercing]]
** This does not reduce the shield's durability.
*[[Status effect]]s from tipped arrows or shulker bullets {{only|bedrock|short=1}} <ref>{{bug|MCPE-52904}}</ref>
** Direct projectile damage is blocked, but the effect still carries through.
*Status effects from splash/lingering [[potion]]s, [[evoker]]s' fangs, or breath from the [[ender dragon]]
*Beam attacks from [[guardian]]s or [[elder guardian]]s, or the [[warden]]'s sonic boom attack
*TNT that the blocking player lit themselves{{only|BE|short=1}}
*TNT that a [[Redstone (disambiguation)|redstone mechanism]] lit{{only|BE|short=1}}
*[[Fall damage]], including that from [[ender pearl]]s
** This also includes when the player rides an [[entity]] that died due to fall damage.
*Strikes from a warden or any [[axe]]-wielding mob (e.g., [[vindicator]]s, [[piglin brute]]s, [[zombie]]s after disabling players shield they attack another time immediately)
** Such strikes disable being able to use shields for 5 seconds.
=== Applying patterns ===
[[File:Cyan Shield Screenshot.png|250px|thumb|A custom shield.]]
Shields can be decorated by applying a [[banner]].
{{Crafting
|showdescription=1
|Shield
|Matching Banner
|Output=Matching Shield; Ominous Shield
|B2link=Banner
|Olink=Shield
|type=Combat
|description=Applies the banner pattern to the shield. The banner is consumed.<br>The shield must have no preexisting patterns.<br>Does not change existing durability or enchantments on the shield.
}}
Unlike with [[banner]]s, shields cannot be repainted or washed in a [[cauldron]]. Shields have only half the resolution of banners, making patterns look slightly different. In the game files, the pattern textures can be found in a separate directory called entity/shield.
{{IN|java}}, shields with patterns can also be obtained using the same commands as banners, except <code>banner</code> has to be replaced with <code>shield</code>.
=== Enchantments ===
A shield can receive the following [[enchantments]], but only through an [[anvil]]:
{| class="wikitable col-2-center"
|+
!Name
!Max Level
![[Enchanting|Method]]
|-
|[[Unbreaking]]
|III
|{{Inventory slot|Anvil}}
|-
|[[Mending]]
|I
|{{Inventory slot|Anvil}}
|-
|[[Curse of Vanishing]]
|I
|{{Inventory slot|Anvil}}
|-
|}
== Sounds ==
{{edition|java}}:
{{Sound table
|sound=Shield block1.ogg
|sound2=Shield block2.ogg
|sound3=Shield block3.ogg
|sound4=Shield block4.ogg
|sound5=Shield block5.ogg
|subtitle=Shield blocks
|source=player
|description=When an attack is blocked using a shield
|id=item.shield.block
|translationkey=subtitles.item.shield.block
|volume=1.0
|pitch=0.8-1.2
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Equip generic1.ogg
|sound2=Equip generic2.ogg
|sound3=Equip generic3.ogg
|sound4=Equip generic4.ogg
|sound5=Equip generic5.ogg
|sound6=Equip generic6.ogg
|subtitle=Gear equips
|source=player
|description=When a shield is placed in the offhand slot
|id=item.armor.equip_generic
|translationkey=subtitles.item.armor.equip
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Random break.ogg
|subtitle=Item breaks
|source=player
|description=When a shield's durability is exhausted
|id=item.shield.break
|translationkey=subtitles.entity.item.break
|volume=0.8
|pitch=0.8-1.2
|distance=16
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{Sound table
|type=bedrock
|sound=Shield block1.ogg
|sound2=Shield block2.ogg
|sound3=Shield block3.ogg
|sound4=Shield block4.ogg
|sound5=Shield block5.ogg
|source=player
|description=When an attack is blocked using a shield
|id=item.shield.block
|volume=0.7
|pitch=1.0}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Equip generic1.ogg
|sound2=Equip generic2.ogg
|sound3=Equip generic3.ogg
|sound4=Equip generic4.ogg
|sound5=Equip generic5.ogg
|sound6=Equip generic6.ogg
|source=player
|description=When a shield is placed in the offhand slot<wbr>{{Upcoming|BE 1.20.30}}<wbr><ref group=sound>{{Bug|MCPE-168039}}</ref>
|id=armor.equip_generic
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Random break.ogg
|source=player
|description=When a shield's durability is exhausted
|id=random.break
|volume=1.0
|pitch=0.9
|foot=1}}
== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table
|edition=java
|showforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Shield
|spritetype=item
|nameid=shield
|form=item
|translationkey=item.minecraft.shield, item.minecraft.shield.white, item.minecraft.shield.orange, item.minecraft.shield.magenta, item.minecraft.shield.light_blue, item.minecraft.shield.yellow, item.minecraft.shield.lime, item.minecraft.shield.pink, item.minecraft.shield.gray, item.minecraft.shield.light_gray, item.minecraft.shield.cyan, item.minecraft.shield.purple, item.minecraft.shield.blue, item.minecraft.shield.brown, item.minecraft.shield.green, item.minecraft.shield.red, item.minecraft.shield.black
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table
|edition=bedrock
|shownumericids=y
|showforms=y
|notshowbeitemforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Shield
|spritetype=item
|nameid=shield
|id=355
|form=item
|translationkey=item.shield.name, item.shield.white.name, item.shield.orange.name, item.shield.magenta.name, item.shield.lightBlue.name, item.shield.yellow.name, item.shield.lime.name, item.shield.pink.name, item.shield.gray.name, item.shield.silver.name, item.shield.cyan.name, item.shield.purple.name, item.shield.blue.name, item.shield.brown.name, item.shield.green.name, item.shield.red.name, item.shield.black.name
|foot=1}}
== Advancements ==
{{load advancements|Not Today}}
== History ==
{{History||July 10, 2011|link=http://minetimes.wordpress.com/2011/07/10/interview-mit-jeb-ihr-konntet-die-fragen-stellen/|During an interview, [[Jeb]] says that "shields for the left arm" might be added.}}
{{History|java}}
{{History||1.9|snap=15w33c|[[File:White Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Light Gray Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Gray Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Black Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Brown Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Red Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Orange Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Yellow Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Lime Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Green Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Cyan Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Light Blue Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Blue Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Purple Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Magenta Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Pink Shield.png|22px]] Added shields.
|Shields replace the [[blocking]] functionality of [[sword]]s, although blocking more [[damage]].
|The current [[crafting]] recipe of shields includes [[wool]], producing 16 possible colored shields. There currently isn't a blank, uncolored shield.
{{{!}} class{{=}}"collapsible collapsed" data-description{{=}}"Recipe"
! Recipe
{{!}}-
{{!}}
{{Crafting
|A1=Matching Wool |B1=Any Planks
|A2=Matching Wool |B2=Any Planks |C2=Iron Ingot
|A3=Matching Wool |B3=Any Planks
|Output=Matching Shield
|ignoreusage=1
}}
{{!}}}
|Any of the colored base shields can be [[crafting|crafted]] with a [[banner]] of the same base color, to produce a patterned shield.
}}
{{History|||snap=15w34c|When an attack is blocked by a shield, the attacker now may be knocked back.
|Being attacked with an [[axe]] now may disable shield use for 5 seconds.}}
{{History|||snap=15w37a|The [[crafting]] recipe of shields has been changed to 6 [[planks]] and 1 [[iron ingot]].
{{{!}} class{{=}}"collapsible collapsed" data-description{{=}}"Recipe"
! Recipe
{{!}}-
{{!}}
{{Crafting
|A1=Any Planks |B1=Iron Ingot |C1=Any Planks
|A2=Any Planks |B2=Any Planks |C2=Any Planks
|B3=Any Planks
|Output=Shield
|ignoreusage=1
}}
{{!}}}
|[[File:Shield JE1.png|22px]] Crafting a shield now produces a base wooden shield that can be crafted together with any [[banner]].
|The cooldown of shields has been reduced from 0.5s to 0.25s.
|Blocking with shields now prevents some side effects.{{verify}}
|[[Arrow]]s now ricochet off shields.}}
{{History|||snap=15w44a|Shields can now be repaired by combining with other shields. This removes any [[banner]] that had been applied.}}
{{History|||snap=15w45a|Crafting a banner onto a shield now consumes the banner.}}
{{History|||snap=15w47b|Added shield blocking [[sound]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=16w07a|Added more variation of shield blocking sounds.}}
{{History|||snap=pre1|The [[durability]] of shields has been increased from 181 to 337.}}
{{History||1.10|snap=16w21a|Shields can now be equipped by [[dispenser]]s.}}
{{History||1.11|snap=16w33a|[[Crafting]] a shield with a banner no longer changes the durability, nor does it remove [[enchanting|enchantments]] from it.}}
{{History|||snap=16w35a|Shields now block 100% of [[damage]]/[[knockback]]/debuffs dealt in melee combat.}}
{{History||1.13|snap=17w47a|Prior to [[1.13/Flattening|''The Flattening'']], this [[item]]'s numeral ID was 442.}}
{{History||1.13.2|snap=release|Shields now properly block attacks when the player is facing down.<ref>{{bug|MC-92019|||Fixed}}</ref>}}
{{History||1.14|snap=18w43a|[[File:Shield JE2 BE1.png|22px]] The texture of shields has been changed.
|Shields no longer knockback attackers when they block due to a bug with rework of the blocking mechanic with the introduction of the ravager.<ref>{{bug|MC-147694}}</ref>}}
{{History|||snap=19w11a|Shields can now be [[trading|bought]] from armorer [[villager]]s.}}
{{History||1.14.3|snap=Pre-Release 3|Shields blocking flaming [[arrow]]s no longer put the [[player]] on [[fire]].}}
{{History||1.16|snap=20w06a|[[Crimson planks]] and [[warped planks]] can now be used to craft shields.}}
{{History||1.19|snap=22w11a|[[Mangrove planks]] can now be used to craft shields.}}
{{History||1.19.3|snap=22w43a|Shields can now properly block all explosions.}}
{{History||1.19.4|snap=23w06a|A sound is now played when a shield is placed into the offhand slot.}}
{{History|upcoming java}}
{{History||Combat Tests|snap=1.14.3 - Combat Test|Critical hits now bypass shields.
|The warm-up delay has been removed from shields.
|When in the off-hand, shields now activate when [[sneaking]].}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 2|Shields now protect against critical attacks again.
|Shields can only be activated when the weapon is charged to 200%.}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 3|A "Shield Indicator" option that displays when the shield is active, similar to the attack indicator, has been added.
|An option to hide shields when active has been added.
|The arc of available protection of shields has been decreased to 100 degrees instead of 180 degrees.}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 4|An option to disable shields being activated by pressing {{ctrl|crouch}} has been added.
|The option to hide the shield has been removed.}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 6|Shields now protect up to 5 [[damage]] for melee attacks (still 100% against projectiles).
|Shields activate instantly regardless if the weapon is charged, similar to Combat test 1.
|Shields now recover faster after an attack.}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 7c|Shields now add a 50% knockback resistance when active.
|Shields now protect against 100% [[explosions|explosion]] damage.}}
{{History|||snap=Combat Test 8c|The knockback calculations for shields have been fixed.{{Info needed}}
|Crouch-shielding while jumping has been disabled.
|Shields with [[banner]]s are now temporarily stronger than normal shields (10 absorption instead of 5, and better knockback resistance) to test different shield types.}}
{{History|bedrock}}
{{History||1.10.0|snap=beta 1.10.0.3|[[File:Shield JE2 BE1.png|22px]] Added shields.
|Shields cannot be customized with [[banner]]s.
|Shields are activated by [[sneaking|crouching]] or mounting [[mob]]s.}}
{{History||1.11.0|snap=beta 1.11.0.4|Shields can now be [[trading|bought]] from armorer [[villager]]s.}}
{{History||1.16.210|snap=beta 1.16.210.51|Now grants partial knockback protection from the [[goat]] ram attack.}}
{{History||1.16.220|snap=beta 1.16.220.50|[[Mob]]s that pick up shields now place them to their off-hand.}}
{{History||1.18.30|snap=beta 1.18.30.26|Being attacked with an [[axe]] now may disable shield use. This was not mentioned in the official changelog.<ref>{{tweet|kingbdogz|1504505321884196872|We missed a change in recent changelogs for the Bedrock beta that you may like - we have now made a parity fix that makes shields get disabled for 5 seconds when attacked by an Axe-wielding mob or player. We will make sure to list this properly in the next beta :)|March 17, 2022}}</ref>}}
{{History||1.20.0|snap=beta 1.20.0.20|[[File:White Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Light Gray Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Gray Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Black Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Brown Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Red Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Orange Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Yellow Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Lime Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Green Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Cyan Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Light Blue Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Blue Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Purple Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Magenta Shield.png|22px]] [[File:Pink Shield.png|22px]] Shields can now be customized using a banner.}}
{{History|PS4}}
{{History||1.90|[[File:Shield JE1.png|22px]] Added shields.
|Shields do not have [[banner]] application features.}}
{{History|foot}}
== Issues ==
{{issue list|-wither}}
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Shield.png|Shield
White Shield.png|White Shield
Light Gray Shield.png|Light Gray Shield
Gray Shield.png|Gray Shield
Black Shield.png|Black Shield
Brown Shield.png|Brown Shield
Red Shield.png|Red Shield
Orange Shield.png|Orange Shield
Yellow Shield.png|Yellow Shield
Lime Shield.png|Lime Shield
Green Shield.png|Green Shield
Cyan Shield.png|Cyan Shield
Light Blue Shield.png|Light Blue Shield
Blue Shield.png|Blue Shield
Purple Shield.png|Purple Shield
Magenta Shield.png|Magenta Shield
Pink Shield.png|Pink Shield
</gallery>
=== Screenshots ===
<gallery>
JebShield.png|One of the first images of shields. [[Jeb]] wearing diamond armor while holding a creeper-emblazoned shield during [[MineCon]] 2015.
Jeb Crafting Shield.png|Jeb crafting a shield.
Player with Shield.png|Player holding the default shield.
Shield Block.png|A player blocking with a shield.
ShieldFirstPerson.png|Blocking with a shield as seen in first person.
Enchanted Shield (item).gif|An enchanted shield as seen in the [[inventory]].
-ominous- shield.png|A shield with the [[ominous banner]] on it as seen in the inventory.
Kai-Shield.jpg|An image of [[Kai]] wielding a banner with a shield, used to announce the feature on [[Bedrock Edition]].
Bedrock-Shields.jpg
</gallery>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External Links ==
* [https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/taking-inventory--shield Taking Inventory: Shield] – Minecraft.net on July 25, 2019
{{Items}}
[[Category:Combat]]
[[Category:Renewable resources]]
[[de:Schild (Kampf)]]
[[fr:Bouclier]]
[[it:Scudo]]
[[ja:盾]]
[[ko:방패]]
[[nl:Schild]]
[[pl:Tarcza]]
[[pt:Escudo]]
[[ru:Щит]]
[[th:โล่]]
[[zh:盾牌]]</li><li>[[Redstone Comparator|Redstone Comparator]]<br/>{{Block
| image =
| image2 =
| transparent = Yes
| light = No
| tool = any
| renewable = Yes
| stackable = Yes (64)
| flammable = No
| lavasusceptible = No
| group = Redstone Comparator
| group2 = Subtracting
| group3 = Powered
| group4 = Powered+Subtracting
| 1-1 = Redstone Comparator.png
| 2-1 = Subtracting Redstone Comparator.png
| 3-1 = Powered Redstone Comparator.png
| 4-1 = Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator.png
}}
{{Many images}}
A '''redstone comparator''' is a [[block]] that can produce an [[Redstone Dust|output signal]] from its front by reading [[chest]]s, [[lectern]]s, [[beehive]]s and similar blocks, or repeat a signal without changing its strength. It can also be set to either stop outputting a signal when its side input recieves a stronger one (front torch off), or subtract its side input's signal strength from its output (front torch on).
== Obtaining ==
=== Natural generation ===
Redstone comparators generate in [[Ancient City|ancient cities]].
=== Breaking ===
A redstone comparator can be broken instantly with any [[tool]], or by hand, and drops itself as an item.
{{Breaking row|Redstone Comparator|horizontal=y}}
A redstone comparator is removed and dropped as an item if:
* its attachment block is moved, removed, or destroyed;
* [[water]] flows into its space;{{only|java}}
* a [[piston]] tries to push it or moves a block into its space.
If [[lava]] flows into a redstone comparator's space, the redstone comparator is destroyed without dropping as an item.
=== Crafting ===
{{Crafting
|B1=Redstone Torch
|A2=Redstone Torch
|B2=Nether Quartz
|C2=Redstone Torch
|A3=Stone
|B3=Stone
|C3=Stone
|Output= Redstone Comparator
|type=Redstone
}}
== Usage ==
A redstone comparator can be placed on the top of any [[opaque]] block with a solid full-height top surface (including upside-down [[slab]]s and upside-down [[stairs]]). {{IN|be}}, a comparator can also be placed on [[wall]]s and fences. For more information about placement on transparent blocks, see [[Opacity/Placement]].
The redstone comparator has a front and a back — the arrow on the top of the comparator points to the front. When placed, the comparator faces away from the player. The comparator has two miniature redstone torches at the back and one at the front. The back torches turn on when the comparator's output is greater than zero (the arrow on top also turns red). The front torch has two states that can be toggled by {{control|using}} the comparator:
* Down and unpowered (indicating the comparator is in "comparison mode")
* Up and powered (indicating the comparator is in "subtraction mode")
The redstone comparator can take a signal strength input from its rear as well as from both sides. Side inputs are accepted only from [[redstone dust]], [[block of redstone]], [[redstone repeater]]s, other comparators, and [[observer]]s in specific scenarios. The redstone comparator's front is its output.
It takes 1 [[redstone tick]] (2 game ticks, or 0.1 seconds barring lag) for signals to move through a redstone comparator, either from the rear or from the sides. This applies to changing signal strengths as well as simply to turning on and off.
Redstone comparators check their power state before their scheduled ticks update. This results in redstone comparators not usually responding to 1-tick fluctuations of power or signal strength — for example, a [[clock circuit|1-clock]] input is treated as always off from the side, and always on from the rear. This happens because the signal changes back to its original state before the redstone comparator checks its input states. However, certain setups such as powering any input with two separate observer pulses at the same time will cause a redstone comparator to respond to 2 gametick pulses.
The redstone comparator has four functions: maintain signal strength, compare signal strength, subtract signal strength, and measure certain block states (primarily the fullness of containers).
=== Maintain signal strength ===
A redstone comparator with no powered sides outputs the same signal strength as its rear input.
=== Compare signal strength ===
[[File:Comparators Explained.png|Comparators in comparison mode.|thumb]]
A redstone comparator in comparison mode (front torch down and unpowered) compares its rear input to its two side inputs. If either side input is greater than the rear input, the comparator output turns off. If neither side input is greater than the rear input, the comparator outputs the same signal strength as its rear input.
The formula for calculating the output signal strength is as follows:
<code>output = rear × [[Wikipedia:Iverson bracket|[]]'''''left''''' ≤ '''''rear''''' AND '''''right''''' ≤ '''''rear'''''[[Wikipedia:Iverson bracket|<nowiki>]]]</code>
{{-}}
=== Subtract signal strength ===
[[File:Redstone comparator.png|thumb|The greatest of the side inputs A and C is subtracted from the rear input B, outputting 1. If either A or C were greater than B, it would output 0.]]
A redstone comparator in subtraction mode (front torch up and powered) subtracts the signal strength of the higher side input from the signal strength of the rear input.
<code>output = max('''''rear''''' − max('''''left''', '''right'''''), 0)</code>
For example: if the signal strength is 6 at the left input, 7 at the right input and 4 at the rear, the output signal has a strength of ''max(4 − max(6, 7), 0) = max(4−7, 0) = max(−3, 0) = 0''.
If the signal strength is 9 at the rear, 2 at the right input and 5 at the left input, the output signal has a strength of ''max(9 − max(2, 5), 0) = max(9−5, 0) = 4''.
=== Measure block state ===
{{Schematic | caption = A redstone comparator can measure the fullness of a chest, as well as other block states, even through an opaque block.
|rd-ew!|rc-w!|ch|SB|rc-e!|rd-ew!
}}
A redstone comparator treats certain blocks behind it as power sources and outputs a signal strength proportional to the block's state. The comparator may be separated from the measured block by an opaque block. However, {{in|je}}, if the opaque block is powered to signal strength 15, then the comparator outputs 15 no matter the fullness of the container.<ref>{{bug|MC-64394}} (resolved as "Works As Intended")</ref>
[[Category:Java Edition specific information]]
{{-}}
==== Fullness of containers ====
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0; text-align: center;"
|+ Minimum Items for Container Signal Strength
|-
!Containers
!{{BlockSprite|Furnace|link=Furnace}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Blast Furnace|link=Blast Furnace}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Smoker|link=Smoker}}
!{{BlockSprite|Hopper|link=Hopper}}<br>{{EntitySprite|Minecart with Hopper|link=Minecart with Hopper}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Brewing Stand|link=Brewing Stand}}
!{{BlockSprite|Dispenser|link=Dispenser}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Dropper|link=Dropper}}
!{{BlockSprite|Chest|link=Chest}}<br>{{EntitySprite|Minecart with Chest|link=Minecart with Chest}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Shulker Box|link=Shulker Box}}<br>{{BlockSprite|Barrel|link=Barrel}}
![[Double Chest|{{Schematic|size=16|ch-s|-|ch-n}}
]]
!{{BlockSprite|Jukebox|link=Jukebox}}
|-
!Total Slots
!3!!5!!9!!27!!54!!1
|-
!Power Level
! colspan="5" |Number of Items
!Music Disc
|-
|0||0||0||0||0||0||No disc
|-
|1||1||1||1||1||1||"13"
|-
|2||14||23||42||1s 60||3s 55||"cat"
|-
|3||28||46||1s 19||3s 55||7s 46||"blocks"
|-
|4||42||1s 5||1s 60||5s 51||11s 37||"chirp"
|-
|5||55||1s 28||2s 37||7s 46||15s 28||"far"
|-
|6||1s 5||1s 51||3s 14||9s 42||19s 19||"mall"
|-
|7||1s 19||2s 10||3s 55||11s 37||23s 10||"mellohi"
|-
|8||1s 32||2s 32||4s 32||13s 32||27s||"stal"
|-
|9||1s 46||2s 55||5s 10||15s 28||30s 55||"strad"
|-
|10||1s 60||3s 14||5s 51||17s 23||34s 46||"ward"
|-
|11||2s 10||3s 37||6s 28||19s 19||38s 37||"11"
|-
|12||2s 23||3s 60||7s 5||21s 14||42s 28||"wait"
|-
|13||2s 37||4s 19||7s 46||23s 10||46s 19||"Pigstep"
|-
|14||2s 51||4s 42||8s 23||25s 5||50s 10||"Otherside"<br>"Relic"
|-
|15||3s||5s||9s||27s||54s||"5"
|}
A redstone comparator can output a signal indicating how full a container is. (0 for empty, 15 for full, etc.) The table on the right is described more in detail, later in this section.
Containers that can be measured by a comparator include:
* {{BlockLink|Furnace}}
* {{BlockLink|Blast Furnace}}
* {{BlockLink|Smoker}}
* {{BlockLink|Brewing Stand}}
* {{BlockLink|Hopper}}
* {{ItemLink|Minecart with Hopper}} on top of a [[detector rail]]
* {{BlockLink|Dispenser}}
* {{BlockLink|Dropper}}
* {{BlockLink|Chest}}
* {{BlockLink|Trapped Chest}}
* {{ItemLink|Minecart with Chest}} on top of a [[detector rail]]
* {{BlockLink|Barrel}}
* {{SchematicSprite|size=16|ch-e}}{{SchematicSprite|size=16|ch-w}} Large chest
* {{SchematicSprite|size=16|ch-e}}{{SchematicSprite|size=16|ch-w}} Large trapped chest
* {{BlockLink|Shulker Box}} (any color)
Generally speaking, the comparator output signal strength represents the average fullness of the slots, based on how many of that item form a full stack (64, 16, or 1 for non-stackable items).
The ''Minimum Items for Container Signal Strength'' table (right) shows the minimum '''''full-stack-equivalent (FSE)''''' to produce different signal strengths from common containers. A '''''full-stack-equivalent''''' quantifies how many normal 64-stackable items are needed to output a corresponding signal strength. The 's' is a constant 64, with the additional amount needed following after.
One may also consider the terms: '''c''umulative-weight''''' or '''''weighted-sum''''' instead of '''''full-stack-equivalent'''''.
Items that stack to a max of 16 ([[snowball]]s, [[sign]]s, [[ender pearl]]s, etc.), contribute +4 to the ''full-stack-equivalent'' for each unity (count of 1 item). Similarly, items that stack to 1 ([[minecart]], [[boat]], etc.) contribute +64, and items that stack to 64 contribute +1.
Example 1: 3 ender pearls will contribute a 3 x 4 = 12 ''full-stack-equivalent''.
Example 2: 16 ender pearls and 60 redstone dust contributes a 16x4 + 60x1 = 124 ''full-stack-equivalent''.
Example 3: 1 minecart and 60 redstone dust contributes a 1x64 + 60x1 = 124 ''full-stack-equivalent''.
Example 4: To produce a signal strength of 10 from a hopper, one requires a ''full-stack-equivalent'' of at least 3s + 14 = 206 but strictly less than than 3s + 37 = 229. This can be done with 3 minecarts, and 14 dirt.
When a comparator measures a large chest or large trapped chest, it measures the entire large chest (54 slots), not just the half directly behind the comparator. A chest or trapped chest that cannot be opened (either because it has an opaque block, [[ocelot]], or [[cat]] above it) always produces an output of 0 no matter how many items are in the container — shulker boxes can always be measured, even if they cannot open.
;Calculating signal strength from items
:When a container is empty, the output is off.
:When it is not empty, the output signal strength is calculated as follows:
:<code>'''''signal strength''''' = floor(1 + (('''''sum of all slots' fullnesses''''') / ('''''number of slots in container''''')) × 14)</code>
:<code>fullness of a slot = '''''number of items in slot''''' / '''''max stack size for this type of item'''''</code>
:''Example:'' 300 blocks in a dispenser (which has 9 slots), where each block stacks to a maximum of 64 has a 300 ''full-stack-equivalent.'' This produces an output with a signal strength of 8:
<blockquote>
1 + ((300 items / 64 items per slot) / 9 slots) × 14 = 8.292, floored is 8
</blockquote>
;Calculating items from signal strength
:It can be useful in redstone circuits to use containers with comparators to create signals of a specific strength. The number of items required in a container to produce a signal of desired strength is calculated as follows:
:<code>items required = max('''''desired signal strength''''', roundup(('''''total slots in container''''' × 64 / 14) × (desired signal strength − 1)))</code>
:''Example:'' To use a furnace (which has 3 slots) to create a strength 9 signal, players need 110 items:
<blockquote>
max(9, (3×64/14) × (9−1)) = 109.714, rounded up is 110
</blockquote>
{{-}}
==== Miscellaneous ====
[[File:Comparator storage.png|Comparators used to measure containers.|thumb]]
Some non-container blocks can also be measured by a redstone comparator:
;{{BlockLink|Beehive}} and {{BlockLink|Bee nest}}
: A hive or nest outputs a signal strength equal to the amount of honey in the hive/nest.
;{{BlockLink|Cake}}
: A cake outputs a signal strength relative to the amount of cake remaining. Each slice is worth 2 signal strength, with 7 total slices, for an output of 14 for a full cake.
[[File:Cauldron Redstone Strength Values.png|Cauldron signal strength|thumb]]
;{{BlockLink|Cauldron}}
: A cauldron outputs different signal strengths depending on how much water or powdered snow is inside. From completely empty to completely full, the output values are 0, 1, 2, and 3. If lava or powder snow is inside, the strength is always 3.
[[File:Composter Redstone Strength Values.png|Composter signal strength|thumb]]
;{{BlockLink|Composter}}
: A composter outputs different signal strengths depending on the level inside. From completely empty to completely full, the output values are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
;{{Anchor|CommandBlock}}{{BlockLink|Command Block}}
: A command block stores the "success count" of the last command executed, which represents the number of times the most recently used command of this command block succeeded. A "success" is defined by the [[command]]'s success conditions: if a red error message is returned in the chat, the command was not successful.
: Most commands can succeed once per execution, but certain commands (such as those that accept players as arguments) can succeed multiple times, and the comparator outputs the number of times it succeeded (maximum 15 when sent to redstone dust, but in the code it is able to go up to the 32-bit integer limit, and can be used in contraptions with no redstone dust with those values).
: A command block continues to store the success count of the last command executed until it executes its command again, thus the comparator continues to output the same signal strength even after the command block is no longer being activated (it doesn't turn off when the signal to the command block turns off).
;{{BlockLink|End Portal Frame}}
: An end portal frame outputs a full signal of 15 if it contains an [[eye of ender]] and zero otherwise.
[[File:Item frame and comparator.png|A comparator can measure the presence and rotation of an item frame's contents.|thumb]]
;{{EntityLink|Item Frame}}
: A comparator can measure the state of an [[item frame]]'s contents. An item frame comparator outputs 0 if the item frame is empty, or 1 to 8 for any item depending on its rotation: 1 at initial placement, plus 1 for each 45° of rotation for a maximum of 8.
: For an item frame that holds a map, a unit of rotation is 90° instead of 45°, but a comparator still outputs power levels 1 to 8. It takes two full rotations to cycle through all comparator outputs, and each orientation of the map corresponds to two output levels that differ by 4.
: The comparator must be placed behind the block the item frame is attached to, facing away from the item frame. The block must be a full block, and the item frame cannot be submerged in water. Having a sign in the same block as the item frame will prevent the frame from sending a signal as well.{{only|java}}
;{{BlockLink|Jukebox}}
: A jukebox outputs a signal strength indicating which music disc is currently playing. See the ''Minimum Items for Container Signal Strength'' table above.
;{{BlockLink|Lectern}}
: A lectern outputs a signal strength that depends on what page the player is currently on. The calculation used is:
:<code>'''''signal strength''''' = floor(1 + (('''''current page''''' - 1) / ('''''number of pages in book''''' - 1)) × 14)</code>
:This results in page 1 having a signal strength of 1, and the last page having a signal strength of 15. The exception is a single page book, which will output a signal strength of 15.
:For example, a book with 15 pages will output a signal equal to the current page number. A book with 5 pages will output signal strengths of 1, 4, 8, 11 and 15 for the different pages. A book with 100 pages will have the signal strength increase to the next level on pages 1, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 65, 72, 79, 86, 93 and 100.
:
;{{BlockLink|Respawn Anchor}}
: A respawn anchor outputs a signal strength of 0, 3, 7, 11, or 15, depending on the "charged" value.
;{{BlockLink|Sculk Sensor}}
: A sculk sensor outputs a signal strength depending on the type of vibration that is detected.
;{{BlockLink|Chiseled Bookshelf}}
: A chisled bookshelf outputs a signal strength between 1 and 6 indicating the last slot interacted with. When no slot has been interacted with yet, it outputs 0.
{{-}}
== Sounds ==
=== Generic ===
{{Edition|Java}}:
{{Sound table/Block/Stone/JE}}
{{Edition|Bedrock}}:
{{Sound table/Block/Wood/BE}}
=== Unique ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{Sound table
|rowspan=2
|sound=Click.ogg
|subtitle=Comparator clicks
|source=block
|description=When a comparator is set to subtraction mode
|id=block.comparator.click
|translationkey=subtitles.block.comparator.click
|volume=0.3
|pitch=0.55
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|subtitle=Comparator clicks
|source=block
|description=When a comparator is set to comparison mode
|id=block.comparator.click
|translationkey=subtitles.block.comparator.click
|volume=0.3
|pitch=0.5
|distance=16
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{Sound table
|type=bedrock
|rowspan=2
|sound=Click.ogg
|source=block
|description=When a comparator is set to subtraction mode
|id=block.click
|volume=0.2
|pitch=0.55}}
{{Sound table
|source=block
|description=When a comparator is set to comparison mode
|id=block.click
|volume=0.2
|pitch=0.5
|foot=1}}
== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table
|edition=java
|showforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Redstone Comparator
|spritetype=block
|nameid=comparator
|foot=1}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Block entity
|spritename=redstone-comparator
|spritetype=block
|nameid=comparator
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table
|edition=bedrock
|firstcolumnname=Redstone Comparator
|shownumericids=y
|showforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Unpowered block
|spritename=unpowered-comparator
|spritetype=block
|nameid=unpowered_comparator
|id=149
|form=block
|translationkey=-}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Powered block
|spritename=powered-comparator
|spritetype=block
|nameid=powered_comparator
|id=150
|form=block
|translationkey=-}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Item
|spritename=redstone-comparator
|spritetype=item
|nameid=comparator
|id=522
|form=item
|foot=1}}
{{ID table
|notnamespaced=y
|displayname=Block entity
|spritename=redstone-comparator
|spritetype=block
|nameid=Comparator
|foot=1}}
=== Block states ===
{{see also|Block states}}
{{/BS}}
=== Block data ===
A redstone comparator has a block entity associated with it that holds additional data about the block.
{{el|je}}:
{{see also|Block entity format}}
{{/BE}}
{{el|be}}:
: See [[Bedrock Edition level format/Block entity format]].
== Advancements ==
{{Load advancements|the power of books}}
== Video ==
<div style="text-align:center">{{yt|J7Z20Zzz3yU}}</div>
== History ==
{{info needed section|If {{bug|MC-50242}} also affected comparators?}}
''For a more in-depth breakdown of changes to repeater textures and models, including a set of renders for each state combination, see [[/Asset history]]''
{{History|java}}
{{History||November 24, 2012|link=https://youtube.com/watch?v=YG9RNyRhIow&t=6m56s|[[Jeb]] stated that there may be a "capacitor" in [[Minecraft]]. }}
{{History||December 27, 2012|link={{tweet|Dinnerbone|284388625595125760}}|[[Dinnerbone]] released [https://web.archive.org/web/20190710120115/https://imgur.com/a/FBKed pictures] of the first version of the "comparator", stating it was a replacement for the "capacitor" idea that has variable, alternate inputs.}}
{{History||January 2, 2013|link={{tweet|Dinnerbone|286428595423965184}}|Dinnerbone released one more [http://dinnerbone.com/media/uploads/2013-01/screenshots/2013-01-02_12.06.47.png picture] of the comparator. The picture itself showing a digital-to-analog converter, using the comparator as the main [[block]].}}
{{History||1.5|snap=13w01a|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE1.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE1.png|32px]] [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE1 BE1.png|32px]] Added redstone comparators.
|Redstone comparators have 0 delay.
At this point, block ID 149 was used for unpowered comparators, and block ID 150 for powered comparators.}}
{{History|||snap=13w01b|A delay of 1 game tick ({{frac|1|2}} redstone tick) has now been added to redstone comparators to fix bugs.
|The ability to measure containers to redstone comparators has now been added.}}
{{History|||snap=13w02a|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE2.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE2.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2.png|32px]] The appearance of redstone comparators has now been changed - the top texture has changed to show [[quartz]] in the middle and the sides now use the [[smooth stone]] texture rather than the smooth stone slab side texture.
|The algorithm for measuring containers has now been changed so that redstone comparators output a signal with as few as 1 [[item]] in the container.}}
{{History|||snap=13w02b|Redstone comparators now treat large [[chest]]s as a single container.}}
{{History|||snap=13w03a|Redstone comparators now output success count of [[command block]]s.
|Redstone comparators now measure container [[minecart]]s on [[detector rail]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=13w04a|Redstone comparators now measure [[jukebox]]es.}}
{{History|||snap=13w05a|Redstone comparators no longer cause constant [[block]] updates. The delay has now been made consistent, and side input no longer causes a pulse output.
|Block 150 (later <code>powered_comparator</code>) is no longer used; powered state is now represented by the 8s bit on block 149 (later <code>unpowered_comparator</code>).}}
{{History|||snap=13w05b|Redstone comparator delay has now been changed from 1 game tick (1/2 [[redstone]] tick) to 2 game ticks (1 redstone tick).}}
{{History|||snap=13w09c|The redstone signal strength from a redstone comparator next to a [[brewing stand]] with 3 [[water bottle]]s in it is now the same as one with 3 water bottles and 1 ingredient in it.}}
{{History||1.6.1|snap=13w18a|Redstone comparators now measure [[cauldron]]s and [[end portal frame]]s.}}
{{History||1.8|snap=14w04a|Redstone comparators now measure [[item frame]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=14w10a|The torches under redstone comparators have now been shortened, which has changed the underside appearance from [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER1 (facing NWU).png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator UNKVER1 (facing NWU).png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator UNKVER1 (facing NWU).png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator UNKVER1 (facing NWU).png|32px]] to [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER2 (facing NWU).png|32px]].}}
{{History|||snap=14w25a|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE3.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE3.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE3.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE3.png|32px]] The torches on comparators are now subject to ambient occlusion.
|Comparators set to subtract mode appear to be powered as well regardless of incoming power. The subtracting-only model still exists and can be achieved through {{cmd|setblock}}.}}
{{History|||snap=14w25b|[[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE4.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE4.png|32px]] The powered front torch when in subtraction mode is now lower.
|Comparators set to subtract by hand now appear normally again.}}
{{History|||snap=14w28a|Redstone comparators now measure [[cake]]s.}}
{{History||1.9|snap=15w42a|With the addition of the [[blaze powder]] fuel slot, [[brewing stand]]s now have 5 slots instead of 4. Their original comparative power values from redstone comparators are listed below:
{{{!}} class{{=}}"wikitable collapsible collapsed" data-description{{=}}"Original values"
! Original values
{{!}}-
{{!}}
*0: 0
*1: 1
*2: 19
*3: 37
*4: 55
*5: 1s 10
*6: 1s 28
*7: 1s 46
*8: 2s
*9: 2s 19
*10: 2s 37
*11: 2s 55
*12: 3s 10
*13: 3s 28
*14: 3s 46
*15: 4s
{{!}}}
}}
{{History|||snap=15w47a|Redstone comparators' side inputs now take power from [[redstone block]]s.}}
{{History||1.13|snap=17w47a|All 3 IDs for the redstone comparator have now been merged into one ID: <code>comparator</code>.
|Redstone comparators now render their underside, which has changed their undersides from [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER2 (facing NWU).png|32px]] to [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER3 (facing NWU).png|32px]].
|Prior to [[1.13/Flattening|''The Flattening'']], these blocks' numeral IDs were 149 and 150, and the [[item]]'s 404.
|As a result, the formerly unused comparator ID is now technically used again, due to both unpowered and powered versions being merged into a single comparator block ID.}}
{{History||1.14|snap=18w43a|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE4.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE4.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE5.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE5.png|32px]] [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE2 BE2.png|32px]] The textures of redstone comparators have now been changed.}}
{{History|||snap=19w02a|Redstone comparators now measure [[lectern]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=19w03a|Redstone comparators now measure [[composter]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=19w12b|Redstone comparators can now be placed on [[glass]], [[ice]], [[glowstone]] and [[sea lantern]]s.}}
{{History||1.15|snap=19w34a|Redstone comparators now measure how much honey is inside [[beehive|bee hive]]s and [[bee nest]]s.}}
{{History||1.16|snap=20w06a|The way to calculate the input signals of redstone comparators has now been changed.}}
{{History|||snap=20w11a|The changes to the way of calculating the input signals of redstone comparators from [[Java Edition 20w06a|20w06a]] have now been reverted.}}
{{History|||snap=20w16a|Redstone comparators now measure [[Pigstep music disc]]s in [[jukebox]]es.}}
{{History||1.17|snap=20w45a|Redstone comparators now measure [[lava cauldron]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=20w46a|Redstone comparators now measure [[Cauldron#Holding powder snow|powder snow cauldron]]s.}}
{{History||1.18|snap=21w41a|[[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE5.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE6.png|32px]] The texture of powered redstone comparator have now been changed.}}
{{History||1.19|snap=22w13a|Redstone comparators now generate as part of [[ancient cities]].}}
{{History||1.20<br>(Experimental)|link=1.19.3|snap=22w42a|Redstone comparators now measure [[chiseled bookshelves]].}}
{{History||1.20.2|snap=23w33a|Redstone comparators now use stone sounds instead of wood sounds.<ref>{{bug|MC-182820|||Fixed}}</ref>}}
{{History|pocket alpha}}
{{History||v0.14.0|snap=build 1|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]]{{verify|Was this the model used?}} [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE1 BE1.png|32px]] Added redstone comparators.}}
{{History|pocket}}
{{History||1.0.0|snap=alpha 0.17.0.1|Redstone comparators now measure [[end portal frame]]s.}}
{{History||1.0.5|snap=alpha 1.0.5.0|Redstone comparators now output success count of [[command block]]s.}}
{{History||1.1.0|snap=alpha 1.1.0.0|Redstone comparators now measure [[shulker box]]es.}}
{{History|bedrock}}
{{History||1.2.0|snap=beta 1.2.0.2|Redstone comparators now measure [[jukebox]]es.
|Redstone comparators now render their underside, which has changed their undersides from [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER1 (facing NWU).png|32px]] to [[File:Redstone Comparator UNKVER3 (facing NWU).png|32px]]}}
{{History||1.10.0|snap=beta 1.10.0.3|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE2 BE2.png|32px]] The textures of redstone comparators have now been changed.}}
{{History||1.11.0|snap=beta 1.11.0.1|Redstone comparators now measure [[smoker]]s, [[blast furnace]]s, [[lectern]]s and [[composter]]s.}}
{{History||1.18.10|snap=beta 1.18.10.20|[[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE5.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE6.png|32px]] The texture of powered redstone comparator have now been changed.}}
{{History||1.20.30|snap=beta 1.20.30.20|Redstone comparators now use the <code>minecraft:cardinal_direction</code> [[block state]] instead of <code>direction</code>.}}
{{History|console}}
{{History||xbox=TU19|xbone=CU7|ps=1.12|wiiu=Patch 1|switch=1.0.1|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]]{{verify|Was this the model used?}} [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE1 BE1.png|32px]] Added redstone comparators.}}
{{History||xbox=TU31|xbone=CU19|ps=1.22|wiiu=Patch 3|switch=1.0.1|Redstone comparators can now measure [[item frame]]s.}}
{{History||xbox=none|xbone=none|ps=1.90|wiiu=none|switch=none|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) BE.png|32px]]{{verify|Was this the model used?}} [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE2 BE2.png|32px]] The textures of redstone comparators have now been changed.}}
{{History|3ds}}
{{History||0.1.0|[[File:Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]] [[File:Powered Subtracting Redstone Comparator (S) JE2 BE1.png|32px]]{{verify|Was this the model used?}} [[File:Redstone Comparator (item) JE2 BE2.png|32px]] Added redstone comparators.}}
{{History|foot}}
=== Redstone comparator "items" ===
{{:Technical blocks/Redstone Comparator}}
== Issues ==
{{issue list}}
== Trivia ==
* Comparators do not emit redstone particles when powered, unlike redstone torches and repeaters.<ref>{{bug|MC-51692|||WAI}}</ref>
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Dinnerbone Comparator 1.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparator 2.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparator 3.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparators 1.png|A contraption incorporating comparators.
Dinnerbone Comparators 2.png|Comparators in action.
Dinnerbone Comparators 3.png|Output specific signals.
Dinnerbone Comparator Thing.png|Another comparator in use.
Item Frame Comparator.png|Rotating the torch in the item frame adjusts the comparator's output.
</gallery>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Redstone}}
{{Blocks|Utility}}
{{Items}}
[[Category:Mechanics]]
[[Category:Block entities]]
[[Category:Redstone mechanics]]
[[Category:Mechanisms]]
[[Category:Manufactured blocks]]
[[Category:Non-solid blocks]]
[[de:Redstone-Komparator]]
[[es:Comparador de redstone]]
[[fr:Comparateur de redstone]]
[[hu:Redstone-komparátor]]
[[ja:レッドストーンコンパレーター]]
[[ko:레드스톤 비교기]]
[[nl:Redstonevergelijker]]
[[pl:Komparator]]
[[pt:Comparador de redstone]]
[[ru:Компаратор]]
[[uk:Редстоуновий компаратор]]
[[zh:红石比较器]]</li></ul></nowiki> | 18w45a | Added raid captains, which spawned as part of illager patrols. | |||
| 18w47a | Added raids, which also include raid captains. | ||||
| 18w49a | Raid captains can now be killed multiple times to stack Bad Omen. | ||||
| 18w50a | Raid captains can now spawn at pillager outposts. | ||||
| Raid captains in outposts will grant 1 level of bad omen, whilst raid captains in patrols will be able to grant 1-3. | |||||
| 19w13a | Raid captains will grant only 1 level of bad omen now. | ||||
| Upcoming Bedrock Edition | |||||
1.11.0{{Extension DPL}}<ul><li>[[:Category:Dyes|Category:Dyes]]<br/>These are items that can be used to dye sheep, wool blocks, or combined to make other dyes.
[[Category:Items]]
[[es:Categoría:Tintes]]
[[fr:Catégorie:Teinture]]
[[hu:Kategória:Festékek]]
[[zh:Category:染料]]</li><li>[[Lava|Lava]]<br/>{{About|the fluid|the [[bucket]]|Lava Bucket}}
{{Fluid
| image = Lava.gif
| image2 = Lava BE.gif
| invimage = Lava Bucket
| invimage2 = Lava
| renewable = Yes
| transparent = Yes
| light = Yes (15)
| tool = Bucket
| infinite = No
| flowrate = 30 [[tick]]s/block (Overworld, End)<br> 10 [[tick]]s/block (Nether)
| flowdistance = 4 blocks (Overworld, End)<br>8 blocks (Nether)
}}
'''Lava''' is a light-emitting [[fluid]] that causes fire [[damage]], mostly found in the [[altitude|lower reaches]] of the [[Overworld]] and [[the Nether]].
== Obtaining ==
Lava blocks do not exist as items (at least {{in|java}}), but can be retrieved with a [[Lava Bucket|bucket]]. {{IN|bedrock}}, they may be obtained as an item via glitches (in old versions), add-ons or inventory editing.
Lava may be obtained [[renewable resource|renewably]] from [[cauldron]]s, as [[pointed dripstone]] with a lava source above it can slowly fill a cauldron with lava.
=== Natural generation ===
During world generation, lava replaces [[air]] blocks generated in [[cave]]s and [[canyon]]s between Y=-55 and Y=-63. [[Aquifer]]s are sometimes filled with lava below Y=0. Lava does not replace air blocks inside [[mineshaft]]s, [[monster room]]s, [[amethyst geode]]s, or [[stronghold]]s.
Lava can also occur as lava flows from a single [[spring]] block, pouring down walls into pools. The spring block can be on the side of a cave, ravine, mineshaft, or stone cliff above ground.
Lava also generates as small [[lava lake]]s, which can be found above Y=0 within any [[biome]].
Two blocks of lava can also be found in plains, snowy plains, and desert [[village]] weaponsmith buildings, or one source in savanna village weaponsmith buildings.
Fifteen blocks of lava can be found in the [[end portal]] room of a [[stronghold]]: 3 along each side wall, and 9 below the portal frame.
Lava also generates in [[woodland mansion]]s: two blocks of lava generate in the "blacksmith room", and 25 blocks of lava generate in a secret "lava room".
In [[the Nether]], lava is more common than [[water]] in the [[Overworld]]. [[Terrain features#Lava sea|Seas of lava]] occur, with sea level at y-level 32, about a quarter of the total height of the Nether (as the usable space in the Nether is 128 blocks tall). They can extend down to about y-level 19-22. Lava also randomly appears [[Spring#Hidden lava|in single blocks]] inside [[netherrack]] formations. Lava is also generated as a single source in well rooms in [[nether fortress]]es. There are also large pockets of lava generated under y-19 and can reach all the way down to bedrock level. These pockets are generally over 12 blocks in height and often connect to a large lava lake on y-32; the size of these pockets in 1.18 can range from the size of a singular pre-1.18 ravine to multiple ravines combined.
Lava generates as [[delta]] shapes, which can be found commonly in the [[basalt deltas]] biome. Lava also generates in [[ruined portal]]s and [[bastion remnant]]s.
=== Post-generation ===
Unlike [[Water#Source blocks|water source blocks]], new lava source blocks cannot be created in a space by two or more adjacent source blocks. However {{in|Java}}, if the [[game rule]] {{cd|lavaSourceConversion}} is set to {{cd|true}}, new lava source blocks can form in a similar way to water source blocks.
== Usage ==
=== Fuel ===
When used in a [[furnace]], a bucket of lava lasts 1000 seconds (100 items).
=== Burning ===
[[File:Inside Lava.png|thumb|What it looks like inside lava.]]
[[File:Under lava fire resistance.png|thumb|What it looks like inside lava using Fire Resistance {{in|java}}.]]
Most [[entity|entities]] take {{hp|4}} damage every half-second while in contact with lava, and are set on [[fire]]. An entity/player in lava will also have its {{code|remainingFireTicks}} set to 300, setting it on fire for 15 seconds. This timer is reset to 300 every tick that the victim spends in lava, so it will only start counting down once the victim leaves the lava. Once the victim does exit the lava source, it will burn for just under 15 seconds, taking fire damage 14 times. This is due to the fact that for the first tick outside of lava, its {{code|remainingFireTicks}} decrease to 299, and entities take fire damage when {{code|remainingFireTicks}} is a multiple of 20 and greater than 0. If the victim touches water or [[rain]] falls on it, the fire is extinguished, but the lava continues to damage them directly.
In addition, a dense [[fog]] effect will be applied for players under lava to obscure vision. This can be slightly mitigated via the [[Fire Resistance]] effect.
An entity/player moving in lava has their horizontal movement speed reduced by 50% and their vertical movement speed reduced by 20%.
{{IN|bedrock}}, a player with the Fire Resistance effect or a total [[Fire Protection]] of 7 or higher does not catch fire.
[[Vex]]es, [[zoglin]]s, Nether [[mob]]s (excluding [[piglin]]s and [[hoglin]]s), [[Wither|withers]], [[Warden|wardens]], and players or mobs affected by the [[Fire Resistance]] effect are not damaged when touching lava.
The embers or fireballs that fly out of lava are purely decorative and do not cause fires or damage to entities. When rain falls on lava, the black ember particles appear more frequently.
A player in lava lasts a few seconds before dying:
==== ''Java Edition'' ====
* 2.5 seconds with no armor
* 3.5 seconds with full leather armor, no enchantments
* 4 seconds with full gold armor, no enchantments
* 4.5 seconds with full chain armor, no enchantments
* 5.5 seconds with full iron armor, no enchantments
* 10.5 seconds with full diamond armor, no enchantments
* 11 seconds with full netherite armor, no enchantments
==== Bedrock Edition====
* 2.5 seconds with no armor
* 3.5 seconds with full leather armor, no enchantments
* 4.5 seconds with full gold armor, no enchantments
* 5 seconds with full chain armor, no enchantments
* 6.5 seconds with full iron armor, no enchantments
* 12.5 seconds with full diamond armor, no enchantments
* 12.5 seconds with full netherite armor, no enchantments
If the player is wearing armor enchanted with [[Fire Protection]], they can last even longer. With the maximum bonus, the damage is small enough that the natural healing from a full hunger bar can outpace it {{only|JE|short=1}}, so a player could survive indefinitely as long as they have food and their armor holds up (non-netherite armor is damaged by lava). This maximum bonus can be obtained by wearing 2 pieces of armor with [[Fire Protection|Fire Protection IV]] and 1 with [[Protection|Protection IV]], or 1 piece of armor with [[Fire Protection|Fire Protection IV]] and 3 with [[Protection|Protection IV]].
==== Fire spread ====
Lava can cause fires by turning air blocks to fire blocks.
In order for air above lava to turn to fire, a block adjacent to the air has to be [[Fire#Burning blocks|flammable]], or one of the wood-constructed [[Fire#Non-flammable blocks|non-flammable]] blocks. Since catching fire depends on air blocks, even torches or lava itself can prevent a flammable block from catching fire. Additionally, not all flammable or wood-constructed blocks can be ignited by lava.
The lava of any depth can start fires this way, whether or not it appears to have a current.
Additional conditions must be met, depending on the edition of Minecraft.
===== Java Edition =====
{{FakeImage|align=right|{{BlockGrid|scale=2|L=lava|w=Oak Planks|p=Orange Stained Glass|s=Light Gray Stained Glass|wwwwwwwww|wwsssssww|wspppppsw|wwspppsww|wwwsLswww|wwwwwwwww}}|Example for JE. The orange area represents areas<br>where air could catch flame if the<br>gray and orange areas contain<br>flammable blocks. The wood<br>is all at a safe distance.
}}
Air block must be in a 3×1×3 area right above the lava or in a 5×1×5 2 blocks above the lava.
Note that an air block in the 5x1x5 area will not catch on fire if the 3x1x3 area is completely filled, even if the latter is filled with flammable blocks.
===== Bedrock Edition =====
The block to be set on fire must be in a 3×3×3 cube centered on a lava block, above which there must be either air or an ignitable block.
=== Flow ===
{{See also|Fluid}}
Lava flows from "source blocks". Most streams or "lava-falls" come from a single source block, but lava lakes (including the "flood lava" in the bottom 10 layers) are composed entirely of source blocks. A source block can be captured only with a [[lava bucket|bucket]].
In the [[Overworld]] and [[the End]], lava travels 3 blocks in any horizontal direction from a source block. Lava flows far more slowly than water (1 block every 30 game ticks, or 1.5 seconds), and sourceless lava flows linger for a short time more. In [[the Nether]], lava travels 7 blocks horizontally and spreads 1 block every 10 game ticks, or 2 blocks per second, which is half the speed as water in the Overworld. In all dimensions, lava spreading uses the same mechanic as water: for every adjacent block it can flow into it tries to find a way down that is reachable in four or fewer blocks from the block it wants to flow to. When found, the flow weight for that direction is set to the shortest path distance to the way down. (This can result in lava flows turning toward dropoffs that they cannot reach in the Overworld and the End.)
Flowing lava destroys the following in its path: [[sapling]]s, [[cobweb]], [[tall grass]], [[dead bush]], [[wheat]], [[flower]]s, [[mushroom]]s, [[snow]] on ground (but snow blocks are immune), [[lily pad]]s, [[vines]], [[lever]]s, [[button]]s, all three types of [[torch]]es, [[redstone]], [[redstone repeater|repeaters]], [[end rod]]s, and [[rail]]s. [[Sugar cane]]s hold back lava, but disappear if the sugar cane's water source is destroyed by the lava. Lava also slows down entities, including those that are normally immune to lava damage.
Using redstone wire, a one-block lava flow can be redirected by supplying power to the source block, which causes it to reset the flow toward the now-nearest terrain depression. It cannot, however, be reversed. This re-calculation is made because of the redstone wire when toggled changes the block from redstone (on) to redstone (off). Whenever a block updates on any side of the lava, the lava re-calculates where to flow, but does not cut off its current direction of flow. In Bedrock Edition using the /setblock command can be used to create stationary lava without the use of barriers.
Flowing lava can push entities.
==== Flow arrangement tables ====
===== Overworld and the End =====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|
|
|
!4
|
|
|
|-
|
|
!4
!3
!4
|
|
|-
|
!4
!3
!2
!3
!4
|
|-
!4
!3
!2
!1
!2
!3
!4
|-
|
!4
!3
!2
!3
!4
|
|-
|
|
!4
!3
!4
|
|
|-
|
|
|
!4
|
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="2" |Range
!Height in blocks
|-
!1
|block
|1
|-
!2
|blocks
|0.75-1
|-
!3
|blocks
|0.5-0.75
|-
!4
|blocks
|0.25-0.5
|}
===== The Nether =====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|
|
|
|
|
|
!7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
!7
!6
!7
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|
|-
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|-
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!3
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|-
!7
!6
!5
!4
!3
!2
!1
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
|-
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!3
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|-
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|-
|
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!4
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
!7
!6
!5
!6
!7
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
!7
!6
!7
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
!7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Range
!Height in blocks
|-
!1
|block
|1
|-
!2
|blocks
|0.75-1
|-
!3
|blocks
|0.625-0.75
|-
!4
|blocks
|0.5-0.625
|-
!5
|blocks
|0.375-0.5
|-
!6
|blocks
|0.25-0.375
|-
!7
|blocks
|0.125-0.25
|}
=== Lava and water ===
{{Main|Fluid#Mixing}}
Water and lava can produce [[stone]], [[cobblestone]], or [[obsidian]] based on how they interact. Lava can also generate basalt when above soul soil and touching blue ice.
=== Light source ===
Lava blocks emit a [[light]] level of 15.
=== Other ===
[[File:LavaDropletsExample.png|thumb|If there is lava flowing above a [[block]], the lava seeps through.]]
Lava above a non-transparent block (does ''not'' include stairs, fences, and slabs) produces dripping particles on the underside of that block. These droplets do not do anything other than warn the player that a deluge of lava lies above that block. The particles function identically to their water counterparts, except that they drip slower.
Flowing lava can set off tripwires because it breaks placed string. Lava triggers a tripwire only once.
Any [[item (entity)|item]] dropped into lava is immediately destroyed, except for [[netherite]]-related items. [[Lodestone|Lodestones]], however, can be destroyed by lava despite containing netherite.<ref>{{bug|MC-176618|||WAI}}</ref>
Lava can be placed in an empty [[cauldron]].
If lava is above a non-transparent block supporting [[pointed dripstone]], dripping particles are created on the end. These can fill cauldrons with lava.
== Farming ==
{{main|Tutorials/Lava farming}}
Lava farms can be created by placing a lava source block on top of a solid block and a [[pointed dripstone]] and a [[cauldron]] underneath.
== Sounds ==
{{edition|java}}:
{{Sound table
|sound=Lava.ogg
|subtitle=Lava pops
|source=block
|description=Randomly
|id=block.lava.ambient
|translationkey=subtitles.block.lava.ambient
|volume=0.2-0.4
|pitch=0.9-1.05
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fizz.ogg
|subtitle=Lava hisses
|source=block
|description=When lava mixes with water, making a block
|id=block.lava.extinguish
|translationkey=subtitles.block.lava.extinguish
|volume=0.5
|pitch=1.8-3.4
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Lava pop.ogg
|subtitle=Lava pops
|source=block
|description=When a lava bubble particle spawns
|id=block.lava.pop
|translationkey=subtitles.block.lava.ambient
|volume=0.2-0.4
|pitch=0.9-1.05
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Empty lava bucket1.ogg
|sound2=Empty lava bucket2.ogg
|sound3=Empty lava bucket3.ogg
|subtitle=Bucket empties
|source=block
|description=When lava is placed with a bucket
|id=item.bucket.empty_lava
|translationkey=subtitles.item.bucket.empty
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fill lava bucket1.ogg
|sound2=Fill lava bucket2.ogg
|sound3=Fill lava bucket3.ogg
|subtitle=Bucket fills
|source=player
|description=When lava is collected with a bucket
|id=item.bucket.fill_lava
|translationkey=subtitles.item.bucket.fill
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0
|distance=16}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fizz.ogg
|subtitle=Fire extinguishes
|description=When something [[freezing]] is dunked into lava
|source=block
|id=entity.generic.extinguish_fire
|translationkey=subtitles.entity.generic.extinguish_fire
|volume=0.7
|pitch=1.2-2.0
|distance=16
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{Sound table
|type=bedrock
|sound=Lava.ogg
|source=block
|description=Randomly
|id=liquid.lava
|volume=0.4-0.6
|pitch=0.9-1.05}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fizz.ogg
|source=block
|description=When lava mixes with water, making a block
|id=random.fizz
|volume=0.5
|pitch=1.8-2.4}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Lava pop.ogg
|source=block
|description=When a lava bubble particle spawns
|id=liquid.lavapop
|volume=0.4-0.6
|pitch=0.9-1.05}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Empty lava bucket1.ogg
|sound2=Empty lava bucket2.ogg
|sound3=Empty lava bucket3.ogg
|source=block
|description=When lava is placed with a bucket
|id=bucket.empty_lava
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fill lava bucket1.ogg
|sound2=Fill lava bucket2.ogg
|sound3=Fill lava bucket3.ogg
|source=block
|description=When lava is collected with a bucket
|id=bucket.fill_lava
|volume=1.0
|pitch=1.0}}
{{Sound table
|sound=Fizz.ogg
|source=block
|description=When something freezing is dunked into lava
|id=random.fizz
|foot=1}}
== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table
|edition=java
|firstcolumnname=Lava
|showblocktags=y
|showforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Block
|spritename=lava
|spritetype=block
|nameid=lava
|blocktags=strider_warm_blocks
|form=block
|foot=1}}
{{ID table
|firstcolumnname=Lava
|showfluidtags=y
|displayname=Fluid
|spritename=lava
|spritetype=block
|nameid=lava
|fluidtags=lava}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Flowing Fluid
|spritetype=block
|spritename=lava
|nameid=flowing_lava
|fluidtags=lava
|foot=1}}
{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table
|edition=bedrock
|firstcolumnname=Lava
|shownumericids=y
|showforms=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Flowing
|spritename=lava
|spritetype=block
|nameid=flowing_lava
|id=10
|form=block}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Stationary
|spritename=lava
|spritetype=block
|nameid=lava
|id=11
|form=block
|foot=1}}
Lava spends most of its time as stationary, rather than 'flowing' – regardless of its level, or whether it contains a current downward or to the side. When specifically triggered by a block update, lava changes to 'flowing', update its level, then change back to stationary. Lava springs are generated as flowing, and lava lakes are generated as stationary.
=== Block states ===
{{see also|Block states}}
{{/BS}}
=== Fluid states ===
{{see also|Block states}}
{{/FS}}
== Achievements ==
{{load achievements|Stayin' Frosty;Super Fuel;Feels Like Home}}
== Advancements ==
{{Load advancements|Hot Stuff;Feels Like Home}}
== History ==
{{main|/History}}
{{History|java classic}}
{{History||0.0.12a|snap=May 19, 2009|slink=Java Edition Classic 0.0.12a/Development#Lava test (May 19, 2009)|Lava is shown.}}
{{History|||snap=release|slink=Java Edition Classic 0.0.12a|[[File:Lava JE1.png|32px]] Added lava.
|The texture is transparent.
|Lava spreads by duplicating itself to open horizontal and downward squares.
|Lava is slower than [[water]] and can be easily outrun.
|Model has z-fighting with blocks below lava.}}
{{History||0.0.13a|[[File:Lava JE2.png|32px]] The texture has changed to be opaque.}}
{{History||0.0.13a_03|Lava lakes no longer generate.}}
{{History||0.0.15a|link=Java Edition Classic 0.0.15a (Multiplayer Test 1)|[[File:Lava JE3.png|32px]] The model is no longer shaded.}}
{{History||0.0.19a|[[File:Lava JE4.png|32px]] Added a [[Procedural animated texture generation|procedural animated texture]] to lava. Old texture is still retained for use as a [[animation placeholder texture|placeholder]].|Upscaled model 2% to fix z-fighting with blocks below lava. It's created lava or water models overlapping and z-fighting with each other.|Added lava layer to the bottom of the map.<!--as it traps the [[player]] and prevents the player from leaving unless [[water]] is let in and collides with it or if the player places a [[sand]] or [[gravel]] block, letting it [[drops|drop]] into the lava. If water is let into the area where the lava is, the lava becomes [[stone]], allowing the stone block to be removed to expose bedrock underneath.-->}}
{{History||0.0.20a_02|[[File:Lava JE5.png|32px]] Changed model scale back to normal with 1% offset on all coordinates.}}
{{History||0.0.22a|[[File:Lava JE6.png|32px]] Lava's generated texture has changed - it now appears brighter overall.}}
{{History||August 25, 2009|link=https://notch.tumblr.com/post/170887079/survival-mode-status-update-video-with-plenty-of|Lava has been shown to deal [[damage]].}}
{{History||0.24_SURVIVAL_TEST|Lava now deals damage.}}
{{History||0.26 SURVIVAL TEST|[[File:Lava JE7.png|32px]] UV mapping on side faces now has 11% v offset up.}}
{{History||0.28|[[File:Lava JE6.png|32px]] Fixed UV mapping.}}
{{History|java indev}}
{{History||0.31|snap=20091223-2|Lava is now luminous.}}
{{History|||snap=20100110|Lava now sets [[fire]] to flammable materials.}}
{{History|||snap=20100122|Added [[lava spawner]]s that spawn lava on sides and bottom.|It appears in the player's inventory in a stack of 5.
|Lava now flows, but more slowly than water.<ref>[[wordofnotch:347976621]]</ref>
|Dropped [[item]]s now burn in lava.
|Shot [[arrow]]s catch [[fire]] and not burn in lava.}}
{{History|||snap=20100124|Lava spawner can no longer be found in the player's inventory. Instead, a full stack (99) can be found inside the [[Indev house]] chests.}}
{{History|||snap=20100125-1|Lava now has [[particles|particle]] effects.}}
{{History|||snap=20100130|Re-added the infinite lava sea to the bottom of the map.}}
{{History||20100219|[[File:Lava JE8.png|32px]] The model is shaded again.}}
{{History|java infdev}}
{{History||20100227-1|Lava no longer flows due to changes in chunk handling for infinite worlds.}}
{{History||20100607|[[File:Lava JE9.png|32px]] UV mapping now has 1% uv offset on top and bottom faces and 1% u, 11% v offset on side faces.}}
{{History||20100608|[[File:Lava JE8.png|32px]] Fixed UV mapping, once again.}}
{{History||20100615|[[File:Lava JE10.png|32px]] The model has been changed.
|Added flowing lava.
|Lava now creates flowing lava for a total distance of 7 blocks "away" from the source block.
|Flowing lava flows in a single line toward the nearest terrain depression within four blocks.}}
{{History||20100616-1|[[File:Lava JE11.png|32px]] Added flowing lava texture for sides and vertex offset.
|Lava and flowing lava now have visual connection to blocks.|A large lava flow is now visible in the dark from a long distance.}}
{{History||20100617-2|[[File:Lava JE12.png|32px]] Removed vertex offset.
|Lava now flows 3 blocks horizontally instead of 7.
|Lava and flowing lava touching water, flowing water, water spawner, or lava spawner now replaces with [[obsidian]].
|Removed the infinite lava sea at the bottom of the map.}}
{{History|java alpha}}
{{History||v1.0.2_02|Flowing of lava has been tweaked.}}
{{History||v1.0.4|Added [[ice]] and [[snow]], which lava can melt.}}
{{History||v1.0.15|Lava now sets nearby [[block]]s on [[fire]].}}
{{History||v1.2.0|snap=preview|Added [[the Nether]], which contains lava.}}
{{History||v1.2.2|Lava now flows further in the Nether.}}
{{History||v1.2.6|Added [[lava lake]]s, which can generate at any [[altitude]].}}
{{History|java beta}}
{{History||1.8|snap=Pre-release|[[File:Lava JE13.png|32px]] Changed [[lighting]].
|When lava is touched by [[rain]], it emits smoke [[particles]].
|Lava now generates in the blacksmiths of the newly added [[village]]s.}}
{{History|java}}
{{History||1.0.0|snap=Beta 1.9 Prerelease|Added lava dripping.
|Lava blocks now form [[stone]] when falling directly onto [[water]] source blocks.}}
{{History|||snap=Beta 1.9 Prerelease 3|Lava now generates in the newly added [[end portal]] rooms of [[stronghold]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=Beta 1.9 Prerelease 5|Only in this version, it is possible to create an infinite lava source using a plus-sign shaped arrangement of [[block]]s with four lava source blocks flowing into a central empty block.}}
{{History|||snap=RC1|[[File:Lava JE14.png|32px]] Faces on model now 0.1% moved to center to fix z-fighting on inner faces.}}
{{History||1.2.1|snap=12w05a|Lava (as well as the embers that pop out of it) now makes [[sound]]s. These sounds were in the game files for a long time, but they had not played in-game.}}
{{History||1.3.1|snap=12w21a|Lava can now be collected and dispensed by [[dispenser]]s containing buckets.}}
{{History||1.4.2|snap=12w38a|Flowing lava now has a constant [[sound]].}}
{{History||1.5|snap=13w02a|[[File:Lava JE15.png|32px]] The model of lava now uses animated texture files.
|There is now "hidden lava" in [[the Nether]].
|Lava now flows much more quickly in the Nether.}}
{{History||1.6.1|snap=13w18a|Lava no longer lingers after the source is removed.}}
{{History||1.7.2|snap=13w37a|Flowing lava, which previously could be destroyed by a few [[block]]s of [[TNT]], can no longer be destroyed by [[explosion]]s.}}
{{History||1.10|snap=16w21a|[[File:Lava JE16.png|32px]] [[File:Lava (bottom view) 16w21a.png|32px]] Lava is now [[color]]ed red ({{color|#ff0000}}) except for the bottom face.<ref>{{bug|MC-102511}}</ref>}}
{{History|||snap=16w21b|[[File:Lava JE15.png|32px]] Lava is no longer colored.
|Added 2 [[splash]]es referencing colored lava: "Rule #1: it's never my fault", "Replaced molten cheese with blood?".}}
{{History||1.11|snap=16w39a|Lava can now generate in [[woodland mansion]]s.}}
{{History||1.13|snap=18w15a|[[File:Lava JE17.png|32px]] [[File:Swamp Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] [[File:Swamp Hills Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] [[File:Warm Ocean Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] [[File:Lukewarm Ocean Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] [[File:Cold Ocean Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] [[File:Frozen Ocean Lava 18w15a.png|32px]] Lava is now biome colored except for the bottom face. This is linked to new biome coloring for water.<ref>{{bug|MC-128233}}</ref>}}
{{History|||snap=18w16a|[[File:Lava JE15.png|32px]] Lava is no longer biome colored.}}
{{History||1.16|snap=20w09a|Lava now pushes [[Entity|entities]].}}
{{History|||snap=20w13a|Added [[strider]]s, which can be [[saddle]]d and ridden across lava.
|When lava flows over [[soul soil]] next to [[blue ice]], it now turns into [[basalt]].}}
{{History|||snap=20w16a|Lava now generates as part of [[bastion remnants]] and [[ruined portal]]s.}}
{{History|||snap=Pre-release 3|Visibility under lava is now slightly better when under the effect of [[Fire Resistance]].}}
{{History||1.17|snap=20w45a|[[Cauldron]]s can now be filled with lava.}}
{{History|||snap=20w48a|Added a [[renewable]] way of obtaining lava through cauldrons and [[pointed dripstone]].}}
{{History|||snap=21w06a|Lava no longer replaces air below Y{{=}}11.}}
{{History|||snap=21w08a|Lava now replaces air below Y{{=}}-53.
|Lava [[spring]]s are able to generate below Y{{=}}0.}}
{{History|||snap=21w11a|[[Spectator]] mode players can now see through lava.<ref>{{bug|MC-71530|||Fixed}}</ref>}}
{{History|||snap=21w13a|Lava is now fully renewable, as pointed dripstone can be obtained in Survival without custom generation.}}
{{History|||snap=21w15a|The changes to lava generation in 21w06a and 21w08a have been reverted.}}
{{History||1.18|snap=Experimental Snapshot 1|The changes to lava generation in the 1.17 snapshots have been reintroduced.
|[[Aquifer]]s below Y{{=}}0 sometimes generate with lava instead of water.}}
{{History||1.19.3|snap=22w44a|Added [[game rule]] {{cd|lavaSourceConversion}}, which allows the formation of new lava source blocks when set to {{cd|true}}.}}
{{History|pocket alpha}}
{{History||v0.1.0|[[File:Lava BE1.png|32px]] Added lava.}}
{{History||v0.3.3|Lava no longer creates [[fire]], due to a game breaking spreading bug.}}
{{History||v0.7.0|Lava now lights flammable [[block]]s around it on fire.
|[[File:Lava BE2.png|32px]] [[File:Lava BE2.gif|32px]] Lava now has a flowing animation.}}
{{History||v0.8.0|snap=build 5|Lava flowing directly into [[water]] now actually spreads out over it.}}
{{History||v0.9.0|snap=build 1|Underground ponds of lava can now be found, making lava much more easy to obtain.
|Lava dripping [[particles]] have been added.
|Lava now generates in [[village]] blacksmiths and [[stronghold]] end portal rooms.}}
{{History||v0.12.1|snap=build 1|[[Player]]s are now able to [[swimming|swim]] in lava.
|Lava now generates in [[the Nether]].}}
{{History|||snap=build 6|[[File:Lava BE3.png|32px]] [[File:Lava BE3.gif|32px]] Lava is now brighter shaded.}}
{{History|||snap=build 8|Lava now cancels all fall [[damage]].}}
{{History|pocket}}
{{History||1.1.0|snap=alpha 1.1.0.0|Lava now generates in [[woodland mansion]]s.}}
{{History|bedrock}}
{{History||1.11.0|snap=beta 1.11.0.5|[[File:Lava BE4.png|32px]] The texture for lava has been changed to match ''Java Edition''.}}
{{History||1.16.0|snap=beta 1.16.0.51|Lava can now push entities.}}
{{History|||snap=beta 1.16.0.57|Lava now generates as a [[delta]] that can be found in [[basalt deltas]].
|Lava now generates as part of [[bastion remnants]] and [[ruined portal]]s.
|When lava flows over [[soul soil]] next to [[blue ice]], it now turns into [[basalt]].}}
{{History|||snap=beta 1.16.0.59|Lava can no longer push entities.}}
{{History||1.17.30|snap=beta 1.17.20.22|Lava can now push entities, once again.<ref>{{bug|MCPE-75124}}</ref>}}
{{History|console}}
{{History||xbox=TU1|xbone=CU1|ps=1.00|wiiu=Patch 1|switch=1.0.1|[[File:Lava JE12.png|32px]] Added lava.}}
{{History||xbox=TU12|[[File:Lava JE15.png|32px]] The texture for lava has been changed.
|Lava (as well as the embers that pop out of it) now makes [[sound]]s.}}
{{History||xbox=TU25|xbone=CU14|ps=1.17|Lava can be used in custom superflats. It appears as a 3D block in the block selection screen of the custom superflat interface.}}
{{History|new 3ds}}
{{History||0.1.0|[[File:Lava BE3.png|32px]] Added lava.}}
{{History|foot}}
=== Data history ===
{{History|java}}
{{History||1.13|snap=17w47a|Prior to [[1.13/Flattening|''The Flattening'']], these blocks' numeral IDs were 10 and 11.}}
{{History|foot}}
== Issues ==
{{Issue list}}
== Trivia ==
* A player with [[Fire Resistance]] can swim in lava without taking damage, although the swimming speed does not become faster.
* A player cannot sprint-swim in lava.
* An arrow catches fire when shot into flowing lava, but not still lava.
* [[Water]] flows into lava-occupied blocks as though it were empty space, and vice versa.
* Although lava is a fluid, it is not possible to drown in lava. This applies to all mobs. However, it is still possible to suffocate in lava. This applies to almost every mob.{{only|bedrock}}<ref>{{bug|MCPE-17073}}</ref>
* A player sleeping in a bed cannot be damaged by lava.
* If the lava is changed to be transparent via a [[resource pack]], it does not become transparent.
* {{IN|bedrock}}, lava does not deactivate [[elytra]] like [[water]] does.
* Despite flowing identically to water while in [[the Nether]], it was not possible to create an infinite spring of lava before [[Java Edition 1.19.3|1.19.3]].
** Before Lava source conversion was implemented, the ''Minecraft: Combat Handbook'' (2014) stated the possibility to create infinite sources of lava by simply creating a cross shape with 4 nether bricks and placing lava in the middle. As expected, this turned out to be false, as confirmed by [[Nathan Adams|Dinnerbone]].<ref>[[bugtracker:MC-71088|MC-71088]]</ref>
* Geologically, lava in the Overworld is consistent with [[wikipedia:Felsic lava|felsic lava]], and lava in the Nether is consistent with [[wikipedia:mafic lava|mafic lava]]. Felsic lava is slow, sticky, and does not run as far as mafic lava, which is relatively thin and runny.
* When lava source conversion was implemented, any text where lava was supposed to be said "lave" instead.
** A splash text now says "Made with 'lave'".
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Lavameltpattern1.png|Lava's melting pattern for snow and ice.
Water and lava springs.png|A natural lava spring near a waterfall.
Cave Lava.png|The lava "ocean" layer of [[cave]]s.
Lavastreamwithores.png|A naturally-occurring stream of lava next to diamond and iron ore.
Spawn Point Lava Warning.png|The warning in [[Legacy Console Edition]] when trying to place lava near the spawn point.
Lave found close under the dessert.png|A running lava source (origin not seen) uncovered six blocks below the surface of desert terrain.
Lava with Night vision potion.png|The inside view of lava with the night vision effect.
Ladders Blocking Lava.png|Ladders can stop lava from flowing.
Lava flowing off cliff.png|A lava [[spring]].
Minecraft Surface LavaFall.png|Lava spreading into dirt.
Exposed Cavern Lava.png|Lava in a ravine.
Lava in Ravine.png|Lava found in a snowy [[ravine]].
BedrockLava.png|Lava generates on bedrock.
BedrockPostLavaRemoval.png| Lava being extinguished near bedrock.
LavaRiver.png| Lava pool and water pool meeting each other naturally.
Lavafall.png| Two lava springs meeting water in a savannah plateau.
Lava spring.png| Lava spreading in the Overworld.
Minecraft lavalake.png| A lava spring spreading into a lava lake.
Lava cane.png|Sugar cane growing with lava flowing around it.
TallLavafall.png|Tall lavafall flowing into ravine.
RavineandStornghold.png|Ravine with multiple ores, water and lava falls, and stronghold bridge over it.
Underground Lava Lake.png|Another example of underground lava lake.
Lwava.png|Lava pouring from a cliff.
Extreme Hills Falls.png|Lava and water pouring from a cliff.
Lavalake.png|Lava and ores in a cave underground.
Cavern2.png|Lava texture in Classic [[0.0.21a_01]].
Lavaspring.png|Lava setting fire to [[grass]].
File:Mobbo Destroyed Village.jpeg|A [[village]] ravaged by lava.
File:Lava Moodlight.jpg|An officially licensed lava block moodlight.
</gallery>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
*[https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/block-week-lava Block of the Week: Lava] – Minecraft.net on September 29, 2017
*[[wikipedia:Lava|Real-life lava on Wikipedia]]
*[[wikipedia:Magma|Real-life magma on Wikipedia]]
{{Blocks|natural}}
{{Items}}
[[Category:Fluids]]
[[Category:Natural blocks]]
[[Category:Non-solid blocks]]
[[Category:Generated structure blocks]]
[[Category:Light sources]]
[[cs:Láva]]
[[de:Lava]]
[[es:Lava]]
[[fr:Lave]]
[[hu:Láva]]
[[it:Lava]]
[[ja:溶岩]]
[[ko:용암]]
[[nl:Lava]]
[[pl:Lawa]]
[[pt:Lava]]
[[ru:Лава]]
[[th:ลาวา]]
[[tr:Lav]]
[[uk:Лава]]
[[zh:熔岩]]</li></ul> | beta 1.11.0.1 | Added raid captains. | |||
| Currently do not inflict bad omen on the player after being killed. | |||||
| beta 1.11.0.3 | Illagers now properly follow captains during illager patrols. | ||||
| Raid captains now properly give a bad omen when killed. | |||||
Trivia
- Despite raid captains wearing the Ominous Banner on their heads, they actually wear it in chestplate slot.
- Though illusioners are unused, they can also be spawned as a raid captain.
Issues
Issues relating to "Raid captain" are maintained on the bug tracker. Report issues there.
