Commands

This feature is exclusive to Java Edition, Bedrock Edition and Education Edition.

Commands, in the Java, Bedrock, and Education Edition, are advanced features activated by typing certain strings of text.

Usage

In a regular Minecraft client or the stand alone client, commands are entered via Minecraft's chat window, which is displayed by pressing the T key (default) or / key. Using the / key will also enter the forward slash that commands require as a prefix, so it is a useful shortcut. The ↑ and ↓ key can be used to enter the previously executed command. Pressing Tab ↹ while entering commands cycles through possible commands or arguments, and can be used to auto-enter the coordinates of the block looked at before entering chat.

Commands may also be entered in a multiplayer server's console, but are not preceded by a / when entered this way. A server admin running commands in this way is often referred to as "ghosting".

Commands in command blocks can be preceded by a slash, but it is not required. Commands in a command block usually also require an optional argument, like a player's username.

The majority of commands are only available in the following situations:

In a Minecraft multiplayer server game, entered by an operator or command block.
In other multiplayer games, entered by the player who opened a LAN game with cheats enabled, or is hosting their own multiplayer server
In singleplayer, if cheats were enabled at world creation (via the "More World Options..." button).

Some player commands are also available in singleplayer even when cheats are not enabled.

Note: In singleplayer worlds where cheats were not enabled at creation, they can be enabled on a temporary basis by opening the current game session to LAN play ( Esc → "Open to LAN", then "Allow Cheats" button and "Start LAN World"). You do not actually need to be on a LAN or have others join. This is not permanent, but will allow the use of commands until you quit the world, and changes you make via commands (items spawned, etc.) will be saved with the world. You can do this each time you start playing the world again. Note that this will disable game pausing for the duration, so while open to LAN, you should get somewhere safe or reload your world before using the Game Menu. Remember that you can disable your LAN world by reloading the world.

Tilde and Caret notation

Many commands allow relative coordinates to be specified using tildes (~). A number following a tilde or caret is an offset from something rather than a coordinate. The sign of the offset specifies whether to go in the positive or negative direction for that axis. A single tilde by itself is shorthand for ~0.

For example, /tp 0 64 0 will teleport the user to the coordinate (0, 64, 0), while /tp ~3 ~ ~-3 will teleport the user to a position +3 blocks in the "x" direction (i.e., east), keep their current height, and -3 blocks in the "z" direction (i.e., north) and /tp ^3 ^ ^ will teleport the user to a position +3 forwards.

Usually absolute coordinates can be mixed with relative coordinates. For example, /tp ~ 64 ~ will keep the user's "x" and "z" coordinates the same, but teleport them to absolute height of 64, however /tp ^ ^ ^5 will teleport the player to the right according to the tilt of your head.

The origin for the offset depends on the command. For example, in /tp the offset is from the target's starting position. Other common offsets include from the position of the command's execution or from another coordinate specified by the command.

Target selectors

In most commands where a player may be specified as an argument, it is possible to "target" one or more players satisfying certain conditions instead of specifying players by name. To target players by condition, choose a target selector variable and, optionally, one or more target selector arguments to modify the conditions to be satisfied.

For example, to change the game mode of all players on team Red to creative mode, instead of specifying them by name individually:

/gamemode creative @a[team=Red]

Target selector variables

Summary of target selector variables
Variable	Function
`@p`	nearest player
`@r`	random player
`@a`	all players
`@e`	all entities
`@s`	the entity executing the command

A target selector variable identifies the broad category of targets to select. There are five variables:

@p

Targets the nearest player. When run by the console, the origin of selection will be at (0, 0, 0). If there are multiple nearest players, caused by them being precisely the same distance away, the player who most recently joined the server is selected.

Target selector arguments may be used to reduce the set of players from which the nearest player will be selected. For example, @p[team=Red] will target the nearest player on team Red even if there are other players closer.

The c target selector argument can be used to increase the number of nearest players targeted (for example, @p[c=3] will target the three nearest players). When negative, c will reverse the order of targeting (for example, @p[c=-1] will target the farthest player).

@r

Targets a random player (or entity with the type target selector argument).

Target selector arguments may be used to reduce the set of players from which a random player will be targeted. For example, @r[team=Red] will only target a random player from team Red.

The c target selector argument can be used to increase the number of random players targeted. For example, @r[c=3] will target three random players.

When used without the type argument, @r always targets a random player. The type argument can be used to target non-player entities (for example, @r[type=zombie] will target a random zombie, @r[type=!player] will target a random non-player entity, @r[type=!zombie] will target a random non-zombie, etc.).

@a

Targets all players, including dead players. No other selector will find dead players, except @s.

Target selector arguments may be used to reduce the set of players targeted. For example, @a[team=Red] will only target players on team Red.

@e

Targets all entities (including players).

Target selector arguments may be used to reduce the set of entities targeted. For example, @e[type=cow] will only target cows.

@s

Targets only one entity: the entity that executed the command, including dead players. If the executor was not an entity, for instance if the executor was a command block or a server console, this selector will find nothing.

Target selector arguments may be used to specify whether the executor is actually eligible to be targeted. For example, @s[type=cow,team=Red] will only target the executor of the command, if the executor was a cow on team Red.

Target selector arguments

Summary of target selector arguments
Selection by Position
Argument(s)	Selection criteria
`x`, `y`, `z`	coordinate
`r`, `rm`	radius (max, min)
`dx`, `dy`, `dz`	volume dimensions
Selection by Scoreboard Values
Argument(s)	Selection criteria
`score_name`	max score
`score_name_min`	min score
`tag`	scoreboard tag
`team`	team name
Selection by Traits
Argument(s)	Selection criteria
`c`	count
`l`, `lm`	experience level (max, min)
`m`	game mode
`name`	entity name
`rx`, `rxm`	vertical rotation (max, min)
`ry`, `rym`	horizontal rotation (max, min)
`type`	entity type

After using a target selector, you can optionally use arguments to modify the set of targets selected. When used with @a or @e, arguments narrow down the number of targets from the full list to a specific few. When used with @p or @r, arguments narrow the number of targets down from the full list to a smaller set from which the nearest or random player is selected.

Add argument-value pairs as a comma-separated list contained within square brackets after the target selector variable:

@<variable>[<argument>=<value>,<argument>=<value>,…].

Arguments and values are case-sensitive. Spaces are not allowed around the brackets, equal signs, or commas, and only commas may be used to separate argument-value pairs.

Selecting targets by coordinate

[x=X,y=Y,z=Z] — Selects targets based on distance to that exact position. Combine with selecting by radius to select only targets at that specific position.

The coordinates have to be integers and must be exact - tilde notation is available for selector argument coordinates‌^{[Bedrock Edition only]}.

In 1.13 x, y, z are now doubles and allow values like 12.34

x and z are no longer center-corrected. This means x=0 no longer equates to x=0.5.

Selecting targets by radius

[r=R] — Selects only targets less than R blocks from the command's execution. Using a value under 0 restricts the targets to the same dimension the command was run from without applying a restriction on distance from the location of execution.

[rm=RM] — Selects only targets more than RM blocks from the command's execution.

If a coordinate (above) and either or both radius/i are both defined, the radius/i will center on the coordinate rather than the postion of the command's execution.

In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been renamed ror rm -> distance. There's no longer a "min" and "max" separate values, instead it support ranges.

distance=10 is distance of exactly 10
distance=10..12 is distance 10 to 12
distance=5.. is anything distance 5 or above
distance=..15 is anything distance 15 or below

Selecting targets by volume

[dx=DX,dy=DY,dz=DZ]

Selects only targets within the volume defined as starting from the location where the command was executed and extending DX blocks in the "x" direction (i.e., east/west), DY blocks in the "y" direction (i.e., upwards/downwards), and DZ blocks in the "z" direction (i.e., north/south). If an initial coordinate is specified with the x, y, and z arguments, that will be used instead of the position of the command's execution for the lower northwestern corner (dx, dy, and dz still specify distances from that coordinate; they do not specify a separate coordinate).

It is possible to combine selection by radius and selection by volume, in which case the command will only select targets within the overlap of both regions (within certain radius/i of the volume's lower northwest corner and not outside the defined volume).

Selecting targets by score

[score_name=SCORE] — Selects only targets with a score in objective name of no more than SCORE.

[score_name_min=SCOREMIN] — Selects only targets with a score in objective name of no less than SCOREMIN.

For example, @a[score_points_min=30,score_points=39] will select all players with a score in objective "points" between 30 and 39 (inclusive).

In 1.13, the score selector has been redone. It is now all in one scores tag, with a list of individual score selectors between braces afterwards. The selectors inside the braces do not use "min" and "max" anymore, but instead support ranges.

scores={myscore=10} — Selects only targets with a score in objective myscore of exactly 10.
scores={myscore=10..12} — Selects only targets with a score in objective myscore of between 10 and 12.
scores={myscore=5..} — Selects only targets with a score in objective myscore of 5 or greater.
scores={myscore=..15} — Selects only targets with a score in objective myscore of 15 or less.
scores={foo=10,bar=1..5} — Selects only targets with a score in objective foo of exactly 10, and a score in objective bar of between 1 and 5.

Selecting targets by tag

[tag=TAG] — Selects only targets that have been given the scoreboard tag TAG.

[tag=!TAG] — Selects only targets that have not been given the scoreboard tag TAG.

[tag=] — Selects only targets without any scoreboard tags.

[tag=!] — Selects only targets with any scoreboard tags.

Selecting targets by team

[team=TEAM] — Selects only targets on team TEAM.

[team=!TEAM] — Selects only targets not on team TEAM.

[team=] — Selects only targets not on any team.

[team=!] — Selects only targets on any team.

Selecting targets by count

[c=C] — Selects only the specified number of targets. Usually in order of distance from the command executor.

When used with @p or @r, this argument defaults to 1, so using a higher number will increase the number of nearest or random targets returned. When used with @a or @e, this argument returns only the nearest targets.

If there are multiple nearest targets, caused by them being precisely the same distance away, targets are sorted by the time they have been on the server (since their most recent join for players or their creation for other entities) with the longest times selected first. For example, if equally distant, @a[c=1] will select the player who has been on the server the longest and @e[type=creeper,c=3] will select the three oldest creepers.

When used with a negative value, the order of targets is reversed. For example, @p[c=-3] will return the three farthest targets, and, if all potential targets are equally far away, @e[c=-3] will select the last three targets created.

In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been rename c -> limit. Limit (was c) No longer allows negative values. Use sort=furthest instead. You can specify the sorting.

sort=nearest is the old default, sorting by distance (default for @p)
sort=furthest is the reverse of that (previously you'd use c=-5 for this)
sort=random for random sorting (default for @r)
sort=arbitrary is a new option to not sort the result (default for @e, @a)

Selecting targets by experience level

[l=L] — Selects only targets with no more than L experience levels.

[lm=LM] – Selects only targets with no less than LM experience levels.

This automatically filters out all non-player targets

In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been rename l or lm -> level. There's no longer a "min" and "max" separate values, we instead support ranges.

level=10 is level 10
level=10..12 is level 10, 11 or 12
level=5.. is anything level 5 or above
level=..15 is anything level 15 or below

Selecting targets by game mode

[m=M] — Selects only targets on the specified game mode.

[m=!M] — Selects only targets that are not on the specified game mode.

Permitted values for M are:

0, s, survival: survival mode
1, c, creative: creative mode
2, a, adventure: adventure mode
3, sp, spectator: spectator mode‌^{[Java Edition only]}

This automatically filters out all non-player targets.

In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been rename m -> gamemode.

Selecting targets by name

[name=NAME] — Selects only targets named NAME.

[name=!NAME] — Selects only targets not named NAME.

In 1.13 the name argument now supports spaces (as long as it's quoted).

Selecting targets by vertical rotation

[rx=RX] — Selects only targets with a maximum vertical rotation of RX.

[rxm=RXM] — Selects only targets with a minimum vertical rotation of RXM.

Vertical rotation values vary from 270 facing straight up, increasing to 359 just above horizontal, then 0 at horizontal increasing to 90 facing straight down (thus vertical rotation values increase with rotation downwards).

In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been renamerx or rxm -> x_rotation. There's no longer a "min" and "max" separate values, we instead support ranges.

x_rotation=10 isx_rotation of exactly 10
x_rotation=10..12 is x_rotation 10 to 12
x_rotation=5.. is anything x_rotation5 or above
x_rotation=..15 is anything x_rotation 15 or below

Selecting targets by horizontal rotation

[ry=RY] — Selects only targets with a maximum horizontal rotation of RY.

[rym=RYM] — Selects only targets with a minimum horizontal rotation of RYM.

Horizontal rotation values vary from -180 (facing due north), to -90 (facing due east), to 0 (facing due south), to 90 (facing due west), to 180 (just west of due north) before wrapping back to -180 (thus horizontal rotation values increase with rotation to the right, or clockwise viewed from above). In 1.13 the arcane shorthand names have been renamerx or rxm -> y_rotation. There's no longer a "min" and "max" separate values, we instead support ranges.

y_rotation=10 isy_rotation of exactly 10
y_rotation=10..12 is y_rotation 10 to 12
y_rotation=5.. is anything y_rotation5 or above
y_rotation=..15 is anything y_rotation 15 or below

Selecting targets by type

[type=TYPE] — Selects only targets of the specific entity type.

[type=!TYPE] — Selects only targets not of the specific entity type.

TYPE must be an entity ID used to identify different types of entities internally (for example, creeper for creepers, minecart for regular minecarts, tnt for primed TNT, etc.). Entity IDs are case-sensitive and invalid entity IDs will cause the command to fail.

When used with @r, can change its normal behavior of targeting only players to target other entities.

Data tags

A data tag is a sequence of text which describes a data structure using attribute-value pairs. Data tags are used in Java Edition commands to specify complex data for players, entities, and some blocks.

A data tag consists of zero or more attribute-value pairs separated by commas and delineated by curly brackets. Each attribute-value pair consists of an attribute name and the attribute's value, separated by a colon. Some values, however, may themselves contain attribute-value pairs, allowing a data tag to describe a hierarchical data structure.

Example: {name1:123,name2:"sometext",name3:{subname1:456,subname2:789}}

The data structures that data tags describe are the same ones used in Minecraft's save files. These data structures are described in other articles and commands expect data tags to use the same attribute names (which are case-sensitive):

Data Structure Specification Links
Objects	Examples
Block entities	chests, furnaces, command blocks, mob spawners, signs, etc.
Items	items in inventories (includes specifications for enchantments, lore, custom names, etc.)
Item entities	items on the ground
Mobs	creepers, cows, villagers, etc.
Projectiles	arrows, fireballs, thrown potions, etc.
Vehicles	boats, minecarts, etc.
Dynamic tiles	primed TNT, falling sand/gravel/anvils
Other entities	firework rockets, paintings, and item frames

The defined data structures also expect the values to be of the correct type.

Data Tags Value Types
Type	Description
Byte	An integer between -128 and 127 (inclusive).
Short	An integer between -32,768 and 32,767 (inclusive).
Int	An integer between -2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,647 (inclusive).
Long	An integer between -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 and 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (inclusive).
Float Double	Float - 32-bit single-precision floating point, Example: 3.1415926 Double - 64-bit double-precision floating point, Example: 3.141592653589793 See IEEE floating point for details.
String	A sequence of text, optionally delineated with double quotes. Double quotes must be used if the String contains commas, curly brackets, or square brackets. To include a double quote inside a String, add a backslash before the double quote. Example: `"Call me \"Ishmael\""`
List	A sequence of values, separated by commas and delineated with square brackets. The values must be of the same type, which is dictated by the first value in the sequence. Example: `[3.2,64.5,129.5]`
Byte Array	A sequence of integers between -128 and 127 (inclusive), separated by commas, delineated with square brackets, and prefixed with `B;`. Example: `[B;1b,2b,3b]`
Int Array	A sequence of integers between -2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,647 (inclusive), separated by commas, delineated with square brackets, and prefixed with `I;`. Example: `[I;1,2,3]`
Long Array	A sequence of integers between -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 and 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (inclusive), separated by commas, delineated with square brackets, and prefixed with `L;`. Example: `[L;1l,2l,3l]`
Compound	A sequence of attribute-value pairs, separated by commas and delineated with curly brackets. Example: `{X:3,Y:64,Z:129}` Every data tag argument is itself a Compound.
Boolean	A value, expressed as "true" or "false". This is only seen in JSON formatting, as a Byte tag is usually used in NBT data to determine a boolean value as 0 (for false) and 1 (for true). Example: `{doFoo:true}`

Some commands may require that a number's type be specified by adding a letter (B, S, L, F, D) to the end of the value. For example, 3s for a short, 3.2f for a float, etc. (This doesn't work with I for int.) The letter can be uppercase or lowercase. When no letter is used and Minecraft can't tell the type from context, it assumes double (if there's a decimal point), int (if there's no decimal point and the number is small enough to store as an int), or string (if neither is true). A square-bracketed literal is assumed to be a list unless an identifier is used: [I;1,2,3] for an int array and [L;1L,2L,3L] for a long array.

When commands such as /testfor, /testforblock, and /clear are used to match data tags, they only check for the presence of the provided tags in the target entity/block/item. This means that the entity/block/item may have additional tags and will still match. This is true even for lists and arrays: the order of a list is not acknowledged, and as long as every requested element is in the list, it will match even if there are additional elements.

The format used for data tags is a lenient form of JSON.

Raw JSON text

The /tellraw and /title commands use strict JSON syntax.

Scores and target selectors are evaluated for a Sign when it is placed or edited and for a Written Book when it is "resolved" (opened for the first time after signing). They won't update after that, and they won't work if edited onto an existing sign with an NBT editor, or onto a book that's already marked resolved. There's no way to wrap text onto the next line of a sign or the next page of a book during resolution; instead, the extra text will simply disappear.

The format of raw JSON text is a JSON Object which supports the following (mostly optional) elements:

The base chat component Object
- text: A string representing raw text to display directly in chat. Note that selectors such as "@a" and "@p" are not translated into player names; use selector instead. "\n" is newline (enter).
- translate: The translation identifier of text to be displayed using the player's selected language. This identifier is the same as the identifiers found in lang files from assets or resource packs. The translated text will only be displayed if the text string is not used.
- with: A list of chat component arguments and/or string arguments to be used by translate.
  - The arguments are text corresponding to the arguments used by the translation string in the current language, in order (for example, the first list element corresponds to "%1$s" in a translation string).
- score: A player's score in an objective. Displays nothing if the player is not tracked in the given objective. Ignored completely if text or translate is present.
  - name: The name of the player whose score should be displayed. Selectors (such as @p) can be used, in addition to "fake" player names created by the scoreboard system. In addition, if the name is "*", it will show the reader's own score (for example, /tellraw @a {"score":{"name":"*","objective":"obj"}} will show every online player their own score in the "obj" objective).
  - objective: The internal name of the objective to display the player's score in.
  - value: Optional. If present, this value is used regardless of what the score would have been.
- selector: A string containing a selector (@p,@a,@r,@e or @s) and, optionally, selector arguments. Unlike text, the selector will be translated into the correct player/entity names. If more than one player/entity is detected by the selector, it will be displayed in a form such as 'Name1 and Name2' or 'Name1, Name2, Name3, and Name4'. Ignored completely if text, translate, or score is present. Clicking a player's name inserted into a /tellraw command this way will suggest a command to whisper to that player. Shift-clicking a player's name will insert that name into chat. Shift-clicking a non-player entity's name will insert its UUID into chat.
- keybind: A string that can be used to display the key needed to preform a certain action. An example is key.inventory which will always display "E" unless the player has set a different key for opening their inventory.
- extra: A list of additional objects, sharing the same format as the base object.
  - A list element with the same format as the base object (recursive). Note that all properties of this object are inherited by children except for text, extra, translate, with, and score. This means that children will retain the same formatting and events as this object unless they explicitly override them.
- color: The color to render this text in. Valid values are "black", "dark_blue", "dark_green", "dark_aqua", "dark_red", "dark_purple", "gold", "gray", "dark_gray", "blue", "green", "aqua", "red", "light_purple", "yellow", "white", and "reset" (cancels out the effects of colors used by parent objects). Technically, "bold", "italic", "underlined", "strikethrough", and "obfuscated" are also accepted, but it may be better practice to use the tags below for such formats.
- bold: Boolean (true/false) - whether to render text in bold. Defaults to false.
- italic: Boolean (true/false) - whether to render text in italics. Defaults to false.
- underlined: Boolean (true/false) - whether to render text underlined. Defaults to false.
- strikethrough: Boolean (true/false) - whether to render text with a strikethrough. Defaults to false.
- obfuscated: Boolean (true/false) - whether to render text obfuscated. Defaults to false.
- insertion: When the text is shift-clicked by a player, this string will be inserted in their chat input. It will not overwrite any existing text the player was writing.
- clickEvent: Allows for events to occur when the player clicks on text.
  - action: The action to perform when clicked. Valid values are "open_url" (opens value as a URL in the player's default web browser), "open_file" (opens the value file on the user's computer), "run_command" (has value entered in chat as though the player typed it themselves. This can be used to run commands, but the command will fail if the player does not have the required permissions to use it), "change_page" (can only be used in written books) changes to page value if that page exists, and "suggest_command" (similar to "run_command" but it cannot be used in a written book, the text only appears in the player's chat input and it is not automatically entered. Unlike insertion, this will replace the existing contents of the chat input). "open_file" is used in messages automatically generated by the game (e.g. on taking a screenshot) and cannot be used in commands or signs.
  - value: The URL, file, chat, command or book page used by the specified action. Note that commands must be prefixed with the usual "/" slash.
- hoverEvent: Allows for a tooltip to be displayed when the player hovers their mouse over text.
  - action: The type of tooltip to show. Valid values are "show_text" (shows raw JSON text), "show_item" (shows the tooltip of an item which can have NBT tags), and "show_entity" (shows an entity's name, possibly its type, and its UUID).
  - value: The formatting of this tag varies depending on the action. Note that "show_text" is the only action to support an Object as the value; all other action values are Strings and should thus be wrapped in quotes.
    - "show_text": Can be either a raw String of text, or an Object with the same formatting as this base object. Note that clickEvent and hoverEvent do not function within the tooltip, but the formatting and extra tags still work.
    - "show_item": A string formatted like item NBT data. Contains the "id" tag, and optionally the "Damage" tag and "tag" tag (which is the same compound used as "dataTag" in the /give command).
    - "show_entity": A string formatted like a compound with the string values "type" (such as "Zombie"), "name", and "id" (should be an entity UUID, but can actually be any string).

Due to the extra tag, the above format may be recursively nested to produce very complex and functional text strings. However, a raw json text doesn't have to be complicated at all: virtually all properties are optional and may be left out.

To be valid, each object must have at least either text, translate, score, selector or keybind (everything else is optional). As a matter of shorthand, however, the entire Object may be substituted with a String. In this case, that string will be considered the value of the text property. For example, "This is raw text" is equivalent to {"text":"This is raw text"}. This shorthand substitution is valid anywhere a raw text object is required (including the base <raw json message> argument of /tellraw, the elements of the extra list, and the value of a "show_text" hover_event).

/tellraw also accepts an array of objects and/or strings; they are concatenated. It even accepts a tree of nested arrays; they are traversed depth-first. For example:

/tellraw @a ["Hello there, ",{"selector":"@p"},"."]
/tellraw @a [[[["The "],[["quick ","brown "],[{"selector":"@p"}," jumps "],"over "],"the "],["lazy ","dog."]]]

Finally, unlike other commands using JSON, /tellraw Strings support Unicode via the notation \u####, where #### is the Unicode hexadecimal number for the desired character.

External links

Skylinerw's JSON Text Component

Tellraw Generator

List of all Keybinds

Zofenia Component Editor

Block/item names

Many commands have arguments that identify particular types of blocks or items. In the command syntax below these typically appear as elements named <block>, <item>, or the like which are replaced with identifiers such as minecraft:stone in the examples. In the Java edition, these identifiers are namespaced and all have the "minecraft:" prefix; in Bedrock Edition this prefix must be omitted.

Summary of commands

The table below summarizes available commands. Click a column heading to sort by that column.

Summary of Commands
Command	Description	BE	EE	JE	OP level	MP Only
`/ability`	Grants or revokes a player ability.	—	Yes	—	2	—	—	—		—
`/advancement`	Gives, removes, or checks player advancements.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/ban`	Adds player to banlist.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/ban-ip`	Adds IP address to banlist.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/banlist`	Displays banlist.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/blockdata`	Modifies the data tag of a block.	—	—	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/clear`	Clears items from player inventory.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/clone`	Copies blocks from one place to another.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/debug`	Starts or stops a debugging session.	—	—	Yes	3	—	—	—	—	—
`/defaultgamemode`	Sets the default game mode.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/deop`	Revokes operator status from a player.	Yes	Yes	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/difficulty`	Sets the difficulty level.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/effect`	Add or remove status effects.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/enchant`	Enchants a player item.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/entitydata`	Modifies the data tag of an entity.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—		—	—
`/execute`	Executes another command.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—	—
`/fill`	Fills a region with a specific block.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/function`	Runs a function.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—	—	—
`/gamemode`	Sets a player's game mode.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/gamerule`	Sets or queries a game rule value.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/give`	Gives an item to a player.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/help`	Provides help for commands.	Yes	Yes	Yes	0	—	—	—	—	—
`/kick`	Kicks a player off a server.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/kill`	Kills entities (players, mobs, items, etc.).	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/list`	Lists players on the server.	Yes	Yes	Yes	0	MP	—	—		—
`/locate`	Locates closest structure.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/me`	Displays a message about yourself.	Yes	Yes	Yes	0	—	—	—		—
`/op`	Grants operator status to a player.	Yes	Yes	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/pardon`	Removes entries from the banlist.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/particle`	Creates particles.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/playsound`	Plays a sound.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/publish`	Opens single-player world to local network.	—	—	Yes	4	SP only	—	—	—
`/recipe`	Gives or takes player recipes.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/reload`	Reloads loot tables, advancements, and functions from disk.	—	—	Yes	4	—	—	—	—
`/replaceitem`	Replaces items in inventories.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—				—
`/save-all`	Saves the server to disk.	—	—	Yes	4	MP	—	—	—
`/save-off`	Disables automatic server saves.	—	—	Yes	4	MP	—	—	—
`/save-on`	Enables automatic server saves.	—	—	Yes	4	MP	—	—	—
`/say`	Displays a message to multiple players.	Yes	Yes	Yes	1	—	—	—	—	—
`/scoreboard`	Manages objectives, players, teams, and tags.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/seed`	Displays the world seed.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/setblock`	Changes a block to another block.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/setidletimeout`	Sets the time before idle players are kicked.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/setmaxplayers`	Sets the maximum number of players allowed to join.	Yes	Yes	—	0	—	—	—		—
`/setworldspawn`	Sets the world spawn.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/spawnpoint`	Sets the spawn point for a player.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/spreadplayers`	Teleports entities to random locations.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/stats`	Update objectives from command results.	—	—	Yes	2	—				—
`/stop`	Stops a server.	—	—	Yes	4	MP	—	—	—
`/stopsound`	Stops a sound.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/summon`	Summons an entity.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—		—	—
`/teleport`	Teleports entities.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/tell`	Displays a private message to other players.	Yes	Yes	Yes	0	—	—	—		—
`/tellraw`	Displays a JSON message to players.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/testfor`	Counts entities matching specified conditions.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/testforblock`	Tests whether a block is in a location.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/testforblocks`	Tests whether the blocks in two regions match.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—		—	—	—
`/tickingarea`	Add, remove, or list ticking areas.	Yes	Yes	—	0	—	—	—	—
`/time`	Changes or queries the world's game time.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/title`	Manages screen titles.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—
`/toggledownfall`	Toggles the weather.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/tp`	Teleports entities.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—			—
`/transferserver`	Transfer player to a server.	Yes	Yes	—	0	—	—	—	—	—
`/trigger`	Sets a trigger to be activated.	—	—	Yes	0	—	—	—		—
`/weather`	Sets the weather.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/whitelist`	Manages server whitelist.	—	—	Yes	3	MP	—	—		—
`/worldborder`	Manages the world border.	—	—	Yes	2	—	—	—	—
`/wsserver`	Connects to a WebSocket server.	Yes	Yes	—	0	—	—	—	—	—
`/xp`	Adds or removes player experience.	Yes	Yes	Yes	2	—	—	—		—

Command Guide

Syntax

If you see…	Then
plain text	Enter this literally, exactly as shown.
italics	Replace this with an appropriate value.
<angle brackets>	This is a required argument.
[square brackets]	This is an optional argument.
x\|y	Pick one of the options shown. Available options are shown separated by vertical bars: \|
ellipsis …	The argument may consist of multiple words separated by spaces.
x: int	The argument consists of numbers.
y: string	The argument consists of multiple words which could be separated by spaces.

Success Conditions

A command's Success Conditions must be met in order for the game to consider the command "successful". This is used to determine a variety of things, such as the output of a redstone comparator feeding from command block with a command. Note that not all "successful" commands actually do something, and not all "failed" commands fail to do something useful.

Restrictions

Describes restrictions on who can use the command or in what context.

None: The command can be used by any player in any world. The following commands have no restrictions: /help, /me, /tell, and /trigger.

Operator: The command may only be used by an operator or in singleplayer mode with cheats enabled. On multiplayer servers, the results of these commands are broadcast to other ops online.

Multiplayer: The command is only available on a multiplayer server. The following commands are restricted to multiplayer servers: /ban, /ban-ip, /banlist, /deop, /kick, /list, /op, /pardon, /pardon-ip, /save-all, /save-off, /save-on, /setidletimeout, /stop, /whitelist.

No multiplayer commands permit target selectors in arguments.

Except for /list, multiplayer commands cannot be used in command blocks.

Many of these commands can be used on players who have never been to the server, or even on names which are not (or cannot be) registered as Minecraft accounts.

No command blocks: The command cannot be executed by a command block.

List of commands

advancement

‌^{[Java Edition only]}

classic
0.0.15a (Multiplayer Test 3)		Added `/ban`, `/banip`, `/broadcast`, `/deop`, `/kick`, `/op`, `/tp`, and `/unban`.
0.0.16a_01		Changed `/broadcast` to `/say`.
0.0.17a		Added `/setspawn`.
0.0.20a		Added `/solid`.
indev
0.31		All commands removed.
alpha
v1.0.16		Added `/ban`, `/ban-ip`, `/banlist`, `/deop`, `/home`, `/kick`, `/op`, `/pardon`, `/pardon-ip`, `/say`, and `/stop`.
v1.0.16_01		Added `/save-all`, `/save-on`, `/save-off` and `/tp`.
v1.0.16_02		Added `/list` and `/tell`.
v1.2.5		Removed `/home`.
v1.2.6		Added `/kill`.
beta
1.3		Added `/whitelist`.
release
1.3.1	12w16a	Added cheats mode and `/gamemode`, `/give`, `/time`, `/toggledownfall`, and `/xp`.
	12w17a	Added `/help`.
	12w21a	Added `/seed`.
	12w22a	Added `/defaultgamemode`.
	12w24a	Added `/publish`.
	12w25a	Cheats can now be turned on or off when opening a world to other players through LAN.
	12w27a	Added `/debug`.
	12w30a	`/gamemode 3` change to `/gamemode 0`.
1.4.2	12w32a	Added `/difficulty`, `/gamerule`, `/spawnpoint`, and `/weather`.
	12w32a	Added target selectors.
	12w37a	Added `/clear`.
	12w38a	Added `item` arguments to `/clear`.
	12w41a	The limit for `/xp` is now 2,147,483,647 instead of 5,000.
1.4.4	1.4.4-pre	Added `/enchant`.
1.5	13w03a	Added `/testfor`.
	13w04a	Added `/scoreboard`.
	13w09b	Added `/effect`.
1.6.1	13w23a	Added `/spreadplayers`.
	13w23a	Added gamerule `naturalRegeneration`.
	13w24a	Added gamerule `doDaylightCycle`.
	13w24b	The damage dealt by `/kill` was changed from 1,000 to 3.4×10³⁸.
	1.6-pre	Added `clear` argument to `/effect`.
	1.6.1-pre	Added `/playsound`.
1.7.2	13w36a	Added `/summon`.
		Added `/achievement`.
		Added `dataTag` argument to `/give`.
	13w37a	Added `/setblock`, `/tellraw`, and `/testforblock`.
	13w38a	Added `/setidletimeout`.
	13w43a	Added `/setworldspawn`.
1.8	14w02a	Added `/blockdata`.
		Added the `@e` target selector variable.
		Added `player\|entity` argument to `/kill`.
		Added `data` argument to `/clear`.
		Added `dataTag` argument to `/testfor`.
		`/testfor` is no longer exclusive to command blocks.
		Added `insertion` attribute to raw JSON text specification.
	14w02c	To fix MC-44371, `/kill` now directly kills non-living targets, rather than dealing 3.4×10³⁸ void damage.
	14w03a	Added rotation arguments to `/tp`.
		Added `dx`, `dy`, and `dz` to target selector arguments.
		Added `/clone` and `/fill`.
		Added gamerule `logAdminCommands`.
		NBT data now supports using string IDs rather than numerical IDs.
		Numerical IDs no longer work in other parts of commands, though they still work for NBT data.
	14w04a	Added `/particle`.
	14w05a	Added `spectator` to `/gamemode` and `/defaultgamemode`.
	14w06a	Added `hideParticles` argument to `/effect`.
	14w06a	Added `/trigger`.
	14w07a	Added `/execute` and `/testforblocks`.
	14w07a	`/testfor` can now test for partial NBT tag matches.
	14w08a	Commands run using `/execute` now pass their success value back to the command block running them.
	14w10a	Added gamerule `showDeathMessages`.
	14w10a	Added `force` option to `/clone`.
	14w17a	Added `/worldborder`.
	14w17a	Added gamerule `randomTickSpeed`.
	14w19a	Added `/worldborder damage` and `/worldborder warning`.
	14w20a	Added `/title`.
		Added `selector` attribute to raw JSON text specification.
		Added `move` option to `/clone`.
	14w26a	Added `/worldborder add`.
		Added `/replaceitem`.
		Added gamerule `sendCommandFeedback`
	14w28a	Added `/stats`.
	14w29a	Added `/worldborder get`.
		Added `force` argument to `/particle`.
		Added `/time` `query`.
		Added the ability to create dummy gamerules.
		Added `QueryResults` to `/stats`.
	14w30a	`/summon` can now spawn lightning.
	14w31a	`/debug` can be run in single player.
	14w31a	Added `chunk` argument to `/debug`.
	14w32b	Added `/entitydata`.
	14w32b	`/give` can no longer make illegal stacks.
1.8.1	1.8.1-pre1	Added the game rule `doEntityDrops`.
1.8.1	1.8.1-pre1	The game rule `doTileDrops` no longer affects entities.
1.9	15w37a	Added gamerule `spectatorsGenerateChunks`.
	15w43a	`/gamemode` now displays in chat the gamemode the player switched to.
	15w49a	`/playsound` now accepts Tab to complete.
	15w49a	Added player and params tag to the `/particle`
	15w49b	`/time query` now accepts `day` as a value.
	15w51a	Added gamerule `spawnRadius`.
	16w02a	The `m` selector now accepts the standard literal gamemode values and abbreviations, such as `a` and `adventure`, and these may be negated as well.
		`/playsound` now requires a source parameter, specifying what is the sound's category for volume purposes.
		Running `/help` in a command block will now randomly use one of various different humorous phrases as the previous output.
	16w03a	`/achievement` no longer affects statistics.
	16w07a	Added gamerule `disableElytraMovementCheck`.
1.9.3	pre1	`/tp` will no longer teleport the player to a y-coordinate outside the range -512 to 512.
1.9.3	pre2	Added `/stopsound`.
1.10	16w21b	The y-coordinate range of `/tp` is increased to -4096 to 4096.
1.10	1.10-pre1	Added `/teleport`, which is like `/tp`, except that the target parameter is mandatory, the 'teleport to other player' usage is unavailable, and the use of relative coordinates is relative to the executor of the command, rather than relative to the target.
1.11	16w32a	Added block state support to `/execute`, `/fill`, `/setblock` and `/testforblock`.
	16w32b	Added ability for `/title` to display text in the action bar position.
	16w38a	Added gamerules `doWeatherCycle` and `maxEntityCramming`.
		Removed implicit target selectors (for example, `@e[167,28,454]`).
		Invalid target selectors (such as `@e[Type=creeper]`, `@e[asdf=nonexistent]`, and `@e[malformed]`) now generate an error instead of being silently ignored.
	16w39a	Added `/locate`.
1.12	17w13a	Added `/recipe` and `/advancement`.
		Added gamerule `doLimitedCrafting`.
		Removed `/achievement`.
	17w16b	Added gamerule `maxCommandChainLength`.
	17w16b	Added the `@s` target selector variable
	17w18a	Added gamerule `announceAdvancements`.
	17w18a	Added `/reload`.
	1.12-pre1	Added gamerule `gameLoopFunction`.
	1.12-pre1	Added `/function`.
upcoming
1.13	17w45a	Different components of commands are displayed in different colors, and errors will be displayed in red without having to run the command.
		Commands, for the most part, do not allow uppercase letters, and are now much faster and more efficient.
		An `nbt` argument in target selectors.
		Changed the syntax for several commands.
		Added `/tag` and `/team`.
		Removed `/enchant`, `/stats`, `/testfor`, `/testforblock`, `/testforblocks` and `/toggledownfall`.
		The syntax of `/execute` has been split off.
		`/gamerule` no longer accepts unknown values ("custom gamerules").
		Values to `/gamerule` are now type checked.
	17w45b	Added `/data`.
		Removed `/entitydata`.
		Reworked `/execute store`.
	17w46a	Added `/datapack`.
		The player now has the option to toggle automatic command suggestions.
		The command UI has a new prototype, and now works in multiplayer.
	17w47a	Removed `/blockdata`.
		Particle names have been changed for the command `/particle`.
		Added an option in chat to toggle automatic command suggestions.
	17w48a	Tweaked the command suggestion UI.
	17w48a	Reworked tab-completion for coordinates.
	17w49b	Removed the `gameLoopFunction` `/gamerule`.
	17w50a	Local coordinates can now be specified in commands using `^`.
	17w50a	Tab-completing when not targeting a block will suggest `~ ~ ~`.
	18w01a	Added `facing` to `/teleport`, which will make the target entity face an entity or a location.
		Added the options `noon` and `midnight` to `/time set`.
		Changed all custom names (blocks, items, entities, block entities) to translatable text components.
		`Thrower` and `Owner` nbt keys of item entities are no longer strings but are instead compounds with two longs named `L` and `M`.
		`owner` nbt keys of snowballs, eggs and ender pearls are no longer strings but are instead compounds with two longs named `L` and `M`.
	18w02a	Errors during a command are now a nicer error message (with a tool tip for more info).
		`/teleport` has been simplified a bit, and players can now teleport to entities in other dimensions.
		Added new sub-commands to `/execute` to allow for more control over commands.
		Server commands now run from world spawn in the Overworld, instead of at `0,0,0`.
	18w03a	Improved performance of command parsing and command execution.
		Added commands to the profiler (/debug).
		`/data get` with a `path` now works on non-numeric values.
		Added the `/particle <name> <pos>` shortcut.
	18w05a	Added `/bossbar`
		New `/execute store` subcommand.
		Added basic entity selector suggestions in the command UI.
		A warning is now logged for ambiguous commands.
	18w06a	Re-added `/enchant`.
		Added command suggestions for entity selectors.
		Whitespaces are now allowed in entity selectors & blockstate arguments.
		`/locate` now accepts different structure names for all structures previously grouped under `Temple`: `Desert_Pyramid`, `Igloo`, `Jungle_Pyramid`, and `Swamp_Hut`.
	18w08a	Added a clickable teleport link to the `/locate` command output.
Pocket Edition Alpha
0.7.4		Added support for commands, though none are implemented yet.
0.16.0	build 1	Added `/clearfixedinv`, `/clone`, `/deop`, `/execute`, `/fill`, `/gamemode`, `/give`, `/help` (with alias `/?`), `/kill`, `/list`, `/op`, `/say`, `/setblock`, `/setfixedinvslot`, `/setworldspawn`, `/spawnpoint`, `/summon`, `/tell` (with aliases `/msg` and `/w`), `/testforblock`, `/testforblocks`, `/time`, `/toggledownfall`, `/tp` (with alias `/teleport`), `/weather`, `/wsserver` and `/xp`.
	build 1	Functionality of most commands is equivalent to Java Edition 1.10 usage. Differences include: no support for datatags, `/clone` cannot use `forced` cloneMode, `/gamemode` can only use Creative and Survival modes, the player target is optional in `/give`, and the entity target is optional in `/execute`.
	build 2	Removed `/clearfixedinv` and `/setfixedinvslot`, along with other Education Edition -related items.
	build 5	Added `/enchant`.
Pocket Edition
1.0	build 1	Added `/locate` and `/connect`.
	build 2	Removed `/locate`.
	build 3	Re-added `/locate`. Only works for strongholds.
1.0.3	build 1	Added `/transferserver`.
1.0.5	build 1	Added `/clear`, `/difficulty`, `/effect`, `/gamerule`, `/me`, `/particle`, `/playsound`, `/replaceitem`, `/spreadplayers`, `/stopsound`, `/testfor` and `/title`.
	build 2	Removed `/particle`.
	build 2	The `amplifier` on `/effect` can no longer have negative values.
1.1	build 1	The `canplaceon` and `candestroy` are now supported for `/replaceitem`.
		`/locate` can now find other structures.
		Added `dodaylightcycle`, `doentitydrops`, `dofiretick`, `domobspawning`, `domobloot`, `dotiledrops`, `doweathercycle`, `keepinventory` and `mobgriefing` gamerules.
1.1		Added `/setmaxplayers`.
Bedrock Edition
1.2	build 1	Added `/tickingarea`.

Commands

Usage

Tilde and Caret notation

Target selectors

Target selector variables

Target selector arguments

Data tags

Raw JSON text

Block/item names

Summary of commands

Command Guide

List of commands

advancement

ban

blockdata

bossbar

clear

clone

data

datapack

debug

defaultgamemode

deop

difficulty

effect

enchant

entitydata

experience

execute

fill

function

gamemode

gamerule

give

help

kick

kill

list

locate

me

op

pardon

particle

playsound

publish

recipe

reload

replaceitem

save

say

scoreboard

seed

setblock

setidletimeout

setmaxplayers

setworldspawn

spawnpoint

spreadplayers

stats

stop

stopsound

summon

teleport

tell

tag

team

tellraw

testfor

testforblock

testforblocks

tickingarea

time

title

toggledownfall

tp

transferserver

trigger

weather

whitelist

worldborder