Slab

Slabs are half-blocks. Upside-down slabs occupy the top half of their block space rather than the bottom half. To place a slab upside-down, right-click on the bottom of a "ceiling" block, which can be removed after the slab has been placed, or by right clicking the top half of another block, if the player wishes to place it on the side of another double or single slab block.

(Note: before 13w05a stairs prevented sprinting. Since slabs do not, they made vertical elevation equally quick and horizontal speed twice as fast as stairs while sprinting on slabs)

All types of "stone" slab have the same data values; like wood and colored wool, they are differentiated by their damage values: stone slabs have a damage value of 0, sandstone slabs has 1, old wooden slabs has 2 (which were actually stone, and are still obtainable), cobblestone slabs has 3, bricks has 4, stone bricks has 5, and nether bricks has 6. Damage value 7 is occupied by nether quartz, and formerly by a smooth variant of the stone slab. Upside down stone slabs have a damage value of 8, sandstone has 9, wooden has 10, cobblestone has 11, bricks has 12, stone bricks has 13, nether bricks has 14, and nether quartz has 15. Real wood slabs use a different set of block and damage values.

Slabs were used to create stairs and certain decor before actual stairs were implemented. Before other updates, these were also used to keep floors from catching on fire.

An unused slab type, known as the "smooth full half-slab", has a data value of 437, but can only be obtained with or an inventory editor. It is a full block with the top texture of stone slabs on all six sides. As of, the data value is 438 and a similar effect with sandstone can be obtained with 439. See the gallery for a comparison image.

Occurrence
Stone slabs can be found naturally in NPC Villages lining the roof of a blacksmith shop and inside some of the buildings where they form counters. They are also found in Strongholds where they are used in some of the stairs, ledges and torch pillars. Sandstone slabs can be found naturally in desert wells and desert temples.

Crafting
Unlike many wooden items, wooden slabs must be crafted entirely from one type of wood, but by the same token, they keep the type (and color) of the wood used, thus "Birch Wood Slabs" and so forth.

As a crafting ingredient
Note: Quartz slabs, as well as all quartz products in general (including the daylight detectors), are only available as of or  (exact snapshot depends from block to block).

Behavior


Like other partial blocks, slabs are treated as a whole block with other blocks, such as dirt, stone, and glass, and liquids. Two slabs of the same type (e.g. two stone slabs) can be placed one on top of the other to make a single full-size block, but different slab types cannot be mixed in this way. Sandstone, wooden, and cobblestone double-slabs look exactly the same as their full block counter-parts, but take a longer time to break and drop two slabs. Wooden slabs are collected more quickly with an axe and are affected by fire.

Single slabs have the tendency to let through arrows shot from above. They will also destroy gravel and sand blocks that fall onto them (the same as torches, as long as the slab is a bottom-half; top-half slabs will not destroy gravel and sand). They are also treated as transparent by the game. Because of this, they do not cause suffocation, you cannot place torches or other fixtures on them and chests with single slabs above them can still be opened.

An unusual property of slabs is that they are non-solid to redstone. This allows one to hide the redstone wiring in a slab covered channel, while still being able to connect to the wire on the side of the slabs.

Mobs can spawn on top of upside down slabs and on double slabs.

Due to the way blast rays propagate from an explosion, slabs provide extremely effective absorption to explosions taking place directly on top of them. Specifically, this is because explosive entities will be lower in elevation when they explode on top of slabs than they would otherwise be on an ordinary block. Although the few slab(s) directly under the explosion will absorb the full force of the blast (with a resistance of 30) as usual, the propagation of damage to the sides will be greatly reduced. If source of the explosion is elevated for any reason at the time of the blast, this protective quirk is lost.

Despite how sneaking lowers the player's eye level half a block, doing so does not allow the player to walk over a single slab with one block of air above it because of the player's true height. A player cannot walk from a block of soul sand to a slab without jumping.

Dirt slab


Before stone slabs were added to 0.26, Notch ran a test of dirt slabs. They were never added to the actual game and were only mentioned once. They replaced all dirt blocks and did not grow grass on top.

Trivia

 * In the Pocket Edition, wooden slabs are treated as stone slabs and must be taken with a pickaxe.
 * Since the Beta light update, slabs now let a small amount of light pass through their edges. This light is only visible with Smooth Lighting turned on, and does not affect mob spawning or other light-dependent processes.
 * The exception of this is that any light directed through a slab does not affect any block's light values north of the source.
 * When a slab is placed on top of ice, the slab has the same "slippery" contents as the ice below it.
 * If slabs are placed below TNT, it will significantly reduce their damage. By making a floor of slabs, the TNT will lower its explosive power to two blocks instead of six.
 * Stone slabs are the only slab which, when stacked, do not mimic their block in texture.
 * You can sneak walk off slabs at ground level.
 * Minecarts on power rails will not be repelled from a slab. But, they will be repelled by a slab with a minecart on top.
 * Though the new wooden slab blocks burn, the old wooden oak/"stone" slab is still available through inventory editing or the /give command, so in a world/server where commands are allowed, it is still possible to obtain fire-proof wooden slabs.
 * When creepers explode on stone slabs, they only destroy the slab they were standing on and nothing else in the area.
 * It is possible to get any type of double slab that you want by using the /give command and typing in /give (player) 43 1 (slab id). This will allow you to build faster.