Rail

Rails (also known as Minecart Tracks) are non-solid blocks that provide a path along which minecarts can travel. They can be found in abandoned mine shafts, or crafted from sticks and Iron Ingots. The Powered Rail and Detector Rail are variations with special properties. Rails can be placed on top of opaque blocks, and will automatically orient themselves to connect with any adjacent rails. They can be mined without a tool, but a pick will mine them very quickly, and a sword will mine them slightly faster than no tool at all.

Rails were introduced in the first "Seecret Friday Update" to Infdev.

Occurrence
In Abandoned Mine Shafts, broken sections of rails are rather common and can be found on the floor.

Crafting
16 track pieces can be crafted from 6 Iron Ingots and 1 Stick, in the pattern below:

Behavior
Two directly adjacent tracks will attach inline to each other automatically. If two perpendicular track pieces meet, the track connecting them will turn into a curve.

If a track leads up to a one-block high ledge, the piece placed up against the ledge will turn into a ramp if another track is placed on top of the ledge.

T intersections can be powered by Redstone circuits and their direction can change with Switches provided there is no confusion about the 2 directions to switch to. Separate tracks laid adjacent but at the next level lower or higher can sometimes cause issues. Since there are no formal rail junctions, switched T intersections are the only method by which the player can have a track system that leads in more directions than back and forth. In rare cases, curved track sections will not change appearance when their direction is changed. If a track switching mechanism seems to be inexplicably broken, test it by running a cart on the track rather than by looking at how the track appears to be oriented. Redstone circuits will not affect normal track blocks or track ramps.

If water flows against a track, it will remove it and drop the track as a resource, similar to Torches. Lava will also remove tracks, but the resource will nearly always also be destroyed by falling into the lava.

Collision Glitch
When a cart is traveling on a curve, it will momentarily lose collision prior to exiting the curve. Thus, if a block is placed directly after the curve instead of a track piece, the cart will phase through it. This can be used to kill players by suffocation, by making a 2x1x2 block on the rail after the corner. The best way to free yourself is to use a pickaxe, but the mining time is a bit longer then normal. This can be utilized to make minecarts seemingly appear from nothing, by making a hole underneath. It should be noted that since minecarts travel diagonally on curves, it can miss the hole if it has enough speed, by skipping over it, if the hole is 1x1. This can be avoided by blocking the sides. It is not recommended to use this method in rapid succession, as the cart will slow down a lot. Anyone sitting in the cart will likely be subject to suffocation.

South-East Rule
At non-curve track intersections, minecarts will always travel south or east (as shown in the diagram below). This is commonly referred to as the south-east rule.

This rule also applies to T-intersections, and determine which way the curve from the intersection will face when unpowered. You can use this to orient yourself.



Downhill Rule
At non-curve track intersections minecarts will always travel downhill if they can. This is known as the downhill rule and overrides the south-east rule.



Ramp clearance/one-way effect
A block placed above the track at the downhill end of a ramp will prevent minecarts from traveling down the slope, but not up.
 * In order for a minecart to move down a diagonal tunnel, there must be just as much clearance as a player needs to walk it.
 * This effect can be used to allow minecarts to travel in only one direction, preventing runaway carts from going back into launching mechanisms and jamming them up.



Curve Intersections
If a straight track piece leads to a curve block and isn't attached to the curve, a Minecart will run over the gap and continue to go straight over the curve.

Notably, the minecart can exceed the normal 8 m/s speed limit while it jumps over the gap. For example, by placing intersections on every other block of a straight track, it is possible to travel at 10 m/s in a straight direction (but it will be a very uncomfortable ride).



Drop down
If carts roll on a track and the track stops they will fall down when there are no blocks underneath it. But unlike the real world we can't use the rules of physics.Based on an experiment (see picture)it is proven that when a cart travels at the max momentum (with the maximum speed) a cart wil drop down with a ratio of 2:1 as shown on the graphic.http://www.minecraftwiki.net/wiki/File:Grafiekmc1.jpg



History
In Beta 1.5_01 and earlier, If sand or gravel should fall onto minecart tracks with at least one block of air between the falling sand/gravel and the track block the sand/gravel will appear as a collectable resource above the track. This was useful if you are hollowing out a space underground and break through into a pocket of gravel or sand above. If you "carpet" the floor with minecart track then the falling gravel or sand will not require subsequent digging out and neither will it smother you provided you are standing on track. This technique is particularly useful in desert biome areas with large sand overhangs or sand roofed caverns can be encountered. However, this trick also works with Torches, Signs, and Ladders, which makes this a very expensive alternative (Alternatively, it is more practical than signs and ladders, as being able to carpet a large area with either of these calls for more of them than you are likely to have. When you are carrying rail, it's usually because you're building a rail link, which means you'll have a lot of it.)

Before beta 1.6, parallel tracks could be used to create Minecart Boosters.

Rails will be destroyed by snowfall in 1.9 pre release. (This could actually be just a bug)

In 1.9pre4 and afterwards, the cardinal directions changed to indicate north to be the top of an in game map instead of east making this rule's name now the South-East Rule.

Trivia

 * Players may only place rails on a block. However, it is possible to find floating Rails in an Abandoned Mine Shaft.


 * There is a glitch where in a track sloping downwards with a curved intersection, when approached from the side, will teleport the player under the block, trapping him until he destroys the track and block.


 * If traveling a distance of 50 blocks it takes an average of 12 seconds to walk, 9.3 seconds to sprint (as much as possible) and 10.6 seconds by Minecart. But if traveling the route over and over (e.g. mining) it is worth while investing in a railway system for ease of use.
 * There is a glitch that when a rail is placed on a block that an iron bar is connecting to will cause the top texture of the iron bars to disappear.


 * If you need to travel very long distances in the Overworld, it is best to build a railway system in the Nether. Not only will you use much fewer rails, you will travel much faster relatively to the Overworld (up to 64 m/s or 230 km/h in a straight line, or up to 325 km/h diagonally)