The Nether



The Nether is a hot, hell-like dimension, full of fire, lava, and dangerous mobs.

Accessing


To access the Nether, the player must construct a nether portal in the Overworld (portals created in the End will not activate). To create the portal, one must first construct a rectangular obsidian frame, ranging in size from a minimum of 4×5 to a maximum of 23×23. Once the frame is constructed, it can then be activated by placing fire within the frame.

An activated portal will allow most entities (with the exception of the wither, the ender dragon, and entities riding or being ridden by another entity) to be transported to a corresponding portal in the Nether. If there is no corresponding portal, a new 4x5 portal will be created. The portal can be destroyed by breaking the obsidian frame, by a nearby explosion, or by placing water or lava into it with a bucket or dispenser. You can destroy any of the corner blocks without destroying the portal.

In the Old world type, it is impossible to construct a Nether portal, and the portal block can only be placed using cheats.

Environment
The terrain is largely composed of netherrack that forms complex platforms and niches, with frequent lava oceans, 'lavafalls', and rivers of lava. Lava sources hidden in the netherrack are also common, making large mining projects dangerous. Random fires across the netherrack are yet another hazard to the unwary player.

Bedrock comprises the top (below layer 127) and bottom 4 layers in a rough pattern. In the infinite worlds of the Java and Bedrock Editions, the Nether is also horizontally infinite. On the Legacy Console Edition, bedrock will be found at the world border. On the New Nintendo 3DS Edition, there is no bedrock wall, but an invisible bedrock wall past the border, and the same applies to Old worlds in the Bedrock Edition if cheats are used to access the Nether.

Glowstone clusters generate on ceilings, and mushrooms grow abundantly on the ground. There are patches of floating gravel and soul sand. Small caverns form in the netherrack, which contain random nether quartz deposits. Near the level of the lava oceans, patches of magma blocks generate within the netherrack, making travel difficult and potentially damaging to armor.

Nether fortresses, the Nether's only naturally occurring structures, provide valuable loot, and are the only places where blazes and wither skeletons will naturally spawn. Nether fortresses are also the only place where nether wart naturally generates (in the Legacy Console Edition, nether wart will naturally generate anywhere on soul sand).

The Nether has no day-night cycle and no weather. Natural sources of light include fire, lava, portals, and glowstone. Even with a light level of 0, the Nether has a dim ambient light (roughly equivalent to light level 8 in the Overworld). Light otherwise functions exactly the same as it does in the Overworld and the End.

If the player dies in the Nether, they will respawn in the Overworld; any surviving items will remain in the Nether where the death occurred.

Locations in the Nether correlate to Overworld coordinates, but horizontal Overworld distances are scaled down by a ratio of 8:1 for travel in the Nether. Therefore, traveling one block in the Nether means traveling eight blocks in the Overworld. For example, in a perfect scenario, if the player builds and enters a portal in the Overworld at x:0, z:0, travels to x:1000, z:1000 in the Nether, then returns to the Overworld, they will be at x:8000, z:8000. This makes portals a useful tool for traveling very long distances in the Overworld.

In Legacy Console Edition and New Nintendo 3DS Edition, the ratio is different. All worlds on New Nintendo 3DS, and Classic and Small worlds on Console, have a ratio of 3:1. On Console, Medium worlds have a ratio of 6:1, and Large worlds have the ratio of 8:1.



Most items and blocks in the Nether function the same as they do in the Overworld, with a few notable exceptions:


 * Beds will explode and cause fires when a player attempts to sleep in one.
 * The explosion is larger than that of TNT.
 * There is no way to place liquid water in the Nether without the use of cheats, besides the usage of a cauldron.
 * Using water buckets will only produce steam particles and a hissing sound, leaving the player with an empty bucket.
 * Ice that is melted or smashed in the Nether will not produce water.
 * Lava flows twice as far (8 blocks) and much faster in the Nether than in the Overworld.
 * Grass blocks and leaves take a dead-looking brownish color, since the Nether is a warm biome.
 * Maps will only generate a brown-gray static pattern.
 * The player's direction indicator will spin randomly.
 * Its location is still relative to the player's location in the Nether, except in the New Nintendo 3DS Edition, where it is always in the center of the map.
 * Compasses and clocks spin wildly, making it impossible to tell the time while in the Nether.
 * Building snow golems is essentially useless, as they will rapidly take fire damage and die, due to the Nether being a warm biome.

Mobs
The Nether is home to its own share of mobs, most of which are fire- and lava-proof. Skeletons, chickens, and endermen are the only Overworld mobs that can naturally spawn in the Nether; baby zombie pigmen may spawn as chicken jockeys.

Other Overworld mobs do not naturally spawn in the Nether, but can be teleported through portals (with the exception of withers and ender dragons).

Naturally generated
Naturally generated blocks includes those that are created through the world seed.

Naturally created
Naturally created blocks are created through a combination of events that lead these blocks to be placed by natural causes, not by the player.

Structures
These blocks are generated as part of nether fortresses, but only when the "generated structures" option is on.

Biome
The Nether biome is used to generate the Nether. Within this biome, mobs such as ghasts, packs of zombie pigmen, the occasional magma cube and enderman spawn. Certain structures, such as nether quartz, glowstone veins and nether fortresses will only generate in the Nether. While water cannot be placed in the Nether dimension, ice can and water lakes (and other Overworld structures) can still generate, if the Nether is used in a superflat preset.

Technical information
The Nether is saved in the same way normal worlds are, in the following locations by default:

Windows:

Mac:

''Note: This Library folder is not the one in Macintosh HD, but the one inside your home folder. The only way to access this is to go to the Go menu, and select Go To..., and type ~/Library'', or to go to the Go menu, hold the Option key, and select the "Library" option.

Linux:

On all systems, be sure to replace "worldname" with the name of your world.

Note that DIM-1 does not contain its own level.dat; the level.dat in the parent folder is used for all dimensions. This means that even if a player changes the level data in the /world folder for a particular save, Nether portals will still take the player to the Nether world originally generated for that save and vice versa.

Deleting the DIM-1 file will reset the Nether, so that all player-made changes and buildings in that dimension will be undone.

Advancements
There is a whole tab dedicated for the Nether in the advancement system, these advancements will involve visiting the Nether in some way in order to advance.

Trivia

 * Upon entering the Nether in singleplayer, the Overworld will essentially freeze, and resume when the player returns unless the command is used. This is due to the spawn chunks no longer being ticked, and not chunks loading and unloading as some players believe. The spawn chunks are kept loaded when there are no players in the overworld, but most stuff other than basic redstone stops working.
 * In the Legacy Console Edition, everything in the Nether is renewable due to the fact the Nether can be restarted any number of times from the main menu using the "Reset Nether" button. This can be done on Java Edition only by deleting your save folder's DIM-1 file, which resets the Nether.
 * The numbers for the 3 dimensions are: -1=The Nether, 0=The Overworld, 1=The End. This implies that the Nether is the next dimension over from the Overworld in the "down" direction and The End is the next dimension over in the "up" direction.
 * In the Legacy Console Edition, the nether music in the festive mash-up pack is actually different from the original nether music, with some minor differences.