Tutorials/Speedrun

A speedrun is a play-through of a video game performed with the intention of completing it as fast as possible. Speedruns may cover a whole game or a selected part, such as completing all achievements/advancements or killing a certain boss. Players attempt speedruns mainly to challenge themselves and to entertain and compete with others. For experienced Minecraft players, speedruns add a new challenge and sometimes ignore or subvert established game principles, such as never digging straight down.

While most games have an end or definite goal, Minecraft is an open-ended game and has no specific goal or end. However, killing the ender dragon and entering the end exit portal is a common goal for Minecraft speedruns. A speedrun can be with the aim of killing the ender dragon and entering the end exit portal, killing all 3 major bosses in the game, earning some or all of the advancements/achievements or some other goal.

Types
In addition to the goal of the speedrun, the rules can vary as well. Some common types are custom, set seed or random seed and glitchless or not.

Custom: in a custom speedrun, the player creates a custom world with specific layers that will be useful for the task, such as hay bales (to make bread), snow, beds and end portals. This type of speedrun has been completed in less than 5 minutes.

Set Seed: The player enters a known seed before starting the world, presumably exploring the world beforehand to find location of loot, ender fortress, stronghold, etc. Players might run this seed repeatedly trying to reduce the time.

Random Seed: The player starts new world using a random seed. However, it is not against the rules to start a new world, look around for a village or other useful features and restart with another new, random world if necessary.

Glitchs/Glitchless: The player chooses whether to take advantage of glitches in the game (which is very common in speedruns for other games) or not. In Minecraft, the most useful glitches duplicate items or blocks and many of the these have been eliminated in recent versions, so speedruns using glitches are less common in newer versions.

The goal of this article is to provide guidance for Random Seed, Glitchless speedruns with the goal of killing the ender dragon.

General tips
Just as golf can be described as a nice walk spoiled by a little white ball, a glitchless speedrun can be a fun challenge spoiled by a little green pearl. Obtaining ender pearls is almost always going to be the most time-consuming part of any speedrun. Therefore priority should always be to kill enderman and it's never too early to get your first ender pearl. After getting a weapon listen for enderman in any caves you explore. Especially after entering the nether, look around for enderman as you search for the fortress. Enderman can be easier to hunt in the nether because there are fewer other monsters to fight and there is frequently a lot of easy places to fight them without being hit (such as standing in a 2 block high space). Leaving the nether with your blaze rods and at least one pearl will help you start traveling in the direction of the stronghold right away.

Finding a village early in your speedrun will always provide a fast source of food. If you don't see a village right away, increase your view distance and head for higher ground to look around. Villages can also provide easy access to wood and cobblestone, a crafting table, and furnaces and loot if it has a blacksmith building. For your first few attempts at a speedrun, you may want to keep trying random worlds until you find a well-stocked village, or look up seeds with a village near the spawn area.

If you have plenty of iron, using shears to cut leaves can be the fastest way to get blocks for pillaring up.

Generally, you'll need a flint and steel to enter the nether. However, once you have a flint and steel you can also set mobs on fire before you kill them. This is a very fast way to get steak, cooked porkchop, etc without waiting for a furnace. This is very critical early game, but less so later as you will have time to wait for food to cook.

While it's commonly called the number one unwritten rule of Minecraft, many players consider it normal to dig straight down during a speedrun, especially early in the run. This can save a lot of time and the odds of dying this way are very low.

Think about the items you will need and gather these along the way as many resources can suddenly become rare when you need them. For instance, you will need gravel for flint, lava to make an end portal and snowballs if you plan to use them to destroy the end crystals. Grab these items or make a note of their location as they can be hard to find when you need them.

If you need to travel in the overworld before making your nether portal, travel east or west to increase your X coordinate. Starting further east or west in the nether can make it faster to find a fortress.

Especially when looking for certain things, such a lava to make a nether portal, blaze or other nether fortress mobs or silverfish to find the end portal, turn your volume up and turn on subtitles. This will help you know when you are close and give you a hint on their direction.

Two or three gold apples can be of great help when fighting the dragon. When chopping down oak/dark oak trees, look for apples and keep an eye out for gold when mining or looting. It's also possible to find golden apples or enchanted apples as loot.

TNT can be a quick way to destroy the cage around the end crystal and the end crystal itself at the same time. Place water on the ground, pillar up to the cage, place the TNT on it, light it and drop down into the water.

Progression
One of your first decisions may be whether to mine or not. The fastest speedruns use lava on or near the surface, a bucket and water to build a nether portal, but this means you will be traveling through the nether and killing several blaze with minimal equipment. You may want to gather some basic items, then dig down to the lava level or below to find more iron, diamonds, gold, etc. Mining will definitely increase your time, but it can also increase your survivability, up to and at the dragon. Anecdotal evidence shows that getting to a nether fortress isn't affected by the Y level of the overworld portal.

Finding iron ingots or an iron pickaxe first thing is a great boost. However, if you don't, you'll need to obtain wood, craft a wood pickaxe, mine cobblestone, craft a cobblestone pickaxe, then mine iron ore. If you don't get these things from a village, keep an eye out for a tree next to a cave so you have what you need in the same place. Ravines with a waterfall or close to water source are also a great place to get the materials you need quickly. Also, the difference between chopping a tree with your fists and using a cobblestone axe usually isn't enough to justify stopping to make one.

If you start near a village, carrots are the best raw food. Once you have time, baked potatoes are better. For survivability, you are probably going to want some cooked meat before fighting blaze or later in the game. If there are pigs, cows or sheep in the area, kill some of those although if didn't light them on fire first, you may want to wait to cook the meat until you enter the nether or while fighting blaze.

If you haven't spotted any lava and you don't plan to mine, you may want to gather other materials, make food, get flint or complete other necessary tasks while waiting for night. Once it starts to get dark, lava pools are much easier to spot from a height. Don't forget a blacksmith building has two lava source blocks if you happen to come across a smaller lava pool.

Make sure you have enough food and materials, then create a nether portal. Even if you a diamond pickaxe, with some practice you can make a nether portal using a bucket, water and lava more quickly than mining obsidian. Dig out a frame for the nether portal, if necessary, or pillar up 5-6 blocks and place your water source using the bucket. Now scoop up lava and place it next to the water to make obsidian. Keep adding lava until you have the 10 obsidian blocks in place to make the portal. If your lava makes cobblestone next to it instead of turning to obsidian, move the water source block until it's flowing next to the lava.

After you enter the nether, you may want to set up a furnace to cook or smelt anything you didn't have time to before. Remember that if you leave a furnace in the overworld it will stop smelting shortly after you enter the nether.

Make sure you thoroughly understand how nether fortress's are generated and search accordingly. You are more likely to find a fortress quickly if you head east or west until X 200/-200 and then search north or south. Listen and keep an eye out for blaze and nether skeletons. Magma cubes also spawn at a higher rate in a fortress, so if you see one it might indicate a fortress nearby. Turn up your view distance, if possible, to see further. Remember to watch and listen for enderman and kill any that you find. Dig a quick tunnel two blocks high and 2 blocks back, look at the enderman and kill him from just inside the tunnel. If you travel very far to find the fortress, use torches or overworld blocks, such as cobblestone, dirt or leaves to mark you path back to the portal.

Once you find a nether fortress, you may want to search the interior first. The potential loot may help you survive the blaze and later parts of the game. A saddle is especially valuable later when you hunt enderman in the overworld. However, ultimately you want to find a blaze spawner. Ideally, you want a blaze spawner embedded in the netherrack so that you don't have to worry about blaze flying up and shooting at you or ghast shooting at you. If the blaze spawner is out in the open, you may want to cover it. Building a two block pillar near the spawner can also help to block some blaze fire attacks while you kill the others. You usually want to leave with 8 blaze rods, more if you plan on making a brewing stand. If so, don't forget to get nether wart before you leave the fortress. While gathering blaze rods, you may want to keep them in your hotbar so you can see how many you have.

Finish exploring the fortress to get any additional loot, if desired, and head back to your portal. Get any items from the furnace and portal back to the overworld.

Your next two priorities are finding the stronghold and gathering ender pearls. If you have already managed to get an ender pearl, convert your blaze rod to blaze powder and make an eye of ender. Use the eye of ender to get the general direction of the end portal and start heading in the direction, unless you are in a good area for hunting enderman and it's night. It's ideal to use a triangulation calculator to minimize the number of pearls needed to find the stronghold. Write down your X and Z coordinates and the direction you are facing when looking at the eye of ender in the air (f). Two eyes of ender thrown from about 500 blocks apart in a radius around the stronghold will provide a very accurate location.

Remember that a saddle is very valuable? The fastest way to hunt enderman is riding a horse in the desert or savannah. Enderman won't spawn in the rain and therefore the lack of rain in the desert and savannah biomes is helpful. These biomes are also usually flat which makes it much easier to spot them. You can quickly ride far enough to reset the spawn, meaning you will have many more chances for enderman to spawn, riding in a large circle around the biome.

If it's daytime or you aren't near one of these biomes, head in a roughly orthogonal direction to the stronghold to get your next eye of ender reading. In other words, if the eye of ender went to the northwest, head north and a little east 500 blocks or so before the throwing the next eye. If the eye went west, head southwest a distance before throwing it. If you don't yet have an ender pearl it might be useful to pick a direction and head that way. Strongholds don't generate until 1408 blocks of the origin, so if you head in any direction out past 1000, you will most likely be closer to a stronghold than when you started. On the way, look for desert or savannah biomes and horses (and a saddle if you don't already have one). You can also look for villages, desert temples, shipwrecks and other places to find loot.

Once you reach the area of the stronghold, you can start digging, unless it's night and the surrounding area is good for hunting enderman. If not, dig a pit for your horse and head underground. You might want to dig straight down, or dig stairs since you will likely be returning to the surface. Turn up your volume and turn on subtitles to help find silverfish, which spawn inside the end portal room. Strongholds can be vast, so keep track of your progress. Open wooden doors are a sign you have already been there, but use your pickaxe to remove iron doors, or else mine down the wall next to it. Use torches or other blocks to mark areas you have explored. Once you find the end portal, place any eyes you have already and figure out how many more you will need. Many players bring an extra ender pearl to teleport off the platform in the end, if necessary.

A very valuable item is a book with looting. These can be found in a few places, including libraries in a stronghold. If you find one and you have enough iron to make an anvil, this will drastically increase the number of ender pearls you can gather.

Once you have found the end portal, return to the surface the way you came or by digging a new set of stairs. Keep hunting enderman until you have enough ender pearls. During the day you can hunt for more loot in the stronghold or the overworld, gather additional resources, such as snowballs, flint to make arrows, food and gold apples.

When you have enough ender pearls to make eyes of ender and complete the frame, get ready to fight the dragon. You'll likely need good food, a water bucket, projectiles for the end crystals, blocks for pillaring up and good weapon or several beds. Removing the end crystals is frequently more dangerous than killing the dragon. Once they are gone, killing the dragon isn't too difficult. Also, if you aren't using beds, remember that a cobblestone axe has more damage (though lower DPS) than a diamond sword. Waiting until the dragon is perched and jumping to get crits will kill the dragon in 3-4 perches.

After the dragon is dead, jump through the portal and check your time. How did you do?