Emerald Ore

Emerald ore is the rarest mineral block in the game. It drops emeralds when mined, or itself if mined with a pickaxe with the Silk Touch enchantment.

Deepslate emerald ore is a variant of diamond ore that can generate in deepslate and tuff blobs.

Breaking
Emerald ore can be mined with an iron pickaxe or higher. Otherwise it drops nothing. If mined without Silk Touch, the block drops 1 emerald (or more with Fortune).

Natural generation
Emerald ore can generate in Overworld in the form of blobs. Single emerald ores attempt to generate 3 to 8 times per chunk, from altitudes (y levels) 4 to 31 within any type of mountains, or within a chunk that is at least partially occupied by such a biome. Emerald ore can replace stone, granite, diorite, andesite, tuff, and deepslate. Emerald ore that replaces tuff or deepslate will become deepslate emerald ore.

, emerald ore attempts to generate 50 times per chunk in blobs of 1, from levels 32 to 320, being most common at level 255, and becoming less common toward either end of the range.

, emerald ore attempt to generate 20 times per chunk in all types of new mountains biomes in blobs of 0-10 ores, from Y=128 to Y=256, being more common as the y-level increases. Emerald ore also attempts to generate 50 times per chunk in all extreme hills biome in blobs of 0-10 ores, from levels 32 to 320, being most common at level 255, and becoming less common toward either end of the range.

Note blocks
Emerald ore can be placed under note blocks to produce "bass drum" sound.

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Trivia

 * Even though emerald ore is rarer than diamond ore, emerald ore is generally found more often in mountains biomes than diamond ore, as the emerald ore blocks are generated in a more scattered fashion.