Emerald Ore

Emerald ore is the rarest mineral block in the game. It drops emeralds when mined, or itself if mined with a pickaxe with the Silk Touch enchantment.

Breaking
Emerald ore can be mined with an iron pickaxe or higher. Otherwise it drops nothing. If mined without Silk Touch, the block drops 1 emerald (or more with Fortune).

Natural generation
Emerald ore can generate in Overworld in the form of blobs. Single emerald ores attempt to generate 3 to 8 times per chunk, from altitudes (y levels) 4 to 31, within any type of mountains, or within a chunk that is at least partially occupied by such a biome.

, emerald ore attempts to generate 50 times per chunk in blobs of 1, from levels 32 to 320, being most common at level 255, and becoming less common towards either end of the range. Emerald ore replaces only stone.

, emerald ore attempt to generate 20 times per chunk in all types of mountains biomes in blobs of 0-10 ores, from Y=128 to Y=256, being more common as the y-level increases. The generation in extreme hills biomes is unchanged. Emerald ore that replaces deepslate in extreme hills generates as deepslate emerald ore.

Note blocks
Emerald ore can be placed under note blocks to produce "bass drum" sound.

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Trivia

 * Even though emerald ore is rarer than diamond ore, emerald ore is generally found more often in mountains biomes than diamond ore, as the emerald ore blocks are generated in a more scattered fashion.
 * Emerald ores are one of two overworld ores with a unique texture, along with lapis lazuli ore.