Emerald

Emeralds are a "currency", normally obtained by, and used for, trading with villagers. They can also be found in desert and jungle temples. They can also be obtained by mining, but emerald ore is only found in "Extreme Hills" biomes. Furthermore, the ore appears as scattered blocks (in the same range as gold ore) rather than veins.

Uses
Emeralds can be exchanged for items and vice versa through trading, as well as powering the beacon and building a pyramid-socket for it out of emerald blocks. To trade with villagers, right-click them, and a trade menu will appear. To trade emeralds with villagers, the player must place them into the trading menu's left slot in the amount requested above the slot. The player can then take the resulting item from the right slot. This applies conversely to obtaining emeralds in trade.

Bugs

 * Sometimes, when shift-clicking items from trading, emerald will glitch and will not be able to be used. The same goes for all items.