Bedrock Edition 1.17.0

1.17.0, the first release of the Caves & Cliffs update, is an upcoming major update to set to release in mid-2021. It was first announced during Minecraft Live 2020 on October 3, 2020.

The development versions of 1.16.200, 1.16.210, 1.16.220, and 1.16.230 contain some of the Caves & Cliffs features through experimental gameplay; however, they are not included in the full release of those versions.

Blocks

 * Amethyst Bud
 * Grows from budding amethyst, which is found in amethyst geodes.
 * Starts out tiny, but grows into medium after a while, large after even more time, and eventually becomes an amethyst cluster.
 * Unlike crops, each growth stage is a separate block instead of a block state.
 * Drops only when mined with a Silk Touch pickaxe.
 * There is a total of 3 variants (stages).


 * Amethyst Cluster
 * The final, mature stage of the amethyst bud, which grows from budding amethyst in amethyst geodes.
 * Drops amethyst shards if broken, in an amount affected by Fortune, but can also be picked up with Silk Touch.
 * Breaking by hand, piston, or other means drops only 2 amethyst shards instead of 4 that would be dropped by using any pickaxe.
 * Emits a light level of 5.


 * Azalea
 * Has variants with either no blossoms or pink blossoms.
 * Bush-like blocks that can be planted on dirt and grass blocks.
 * Both azaleas can grow from moss blocks when bone meal is used on them.
 * The variant with pink blossoms is seen as small flowers by the game (for example, bees can pollinate them).


 * Azalea Leaves
 * Has variants with either no blossoms or pink blossoms.
 * Yield azalea and sticks on decay.
 * The variant with pink blossoms is seen as small flowers by the game (for example, bees can pollinate them).


 * Block of Amethyst
 * A decorative block found in amethyst geodes.
 * Unlike the Budding Amethyst, the Block of Amethyst can be obtained when mined.
 * Can also be crafted with 4 amethyst shards.


 * Block of Raw Metal
 * Raw copper, raw gold and raw iron can be crafted into the respective block of raw metal.


 * Block of Copper
 * Can be crafted with 4 copper ingots, and can also be crafted back into 4 copper ingots.
 * Oxidizes and changes texture to a turquoise-green over time.
 * Can be stopped from oxidizing by combining it with a honeycomb to create a Waxed Block of Copper.
 * Honeycomb can also be, or applied with a dispenser to wax them.
 * Yellow particles are formed when waxing the block.
 * Axes can be to scrape off wax and oxidation (one stage at a time).
 * White particles are formed when scraping off wax from the block.
 * Lightning may clean oxidation, reverting the oxidation process by one or several stages.
 * Chances of cleaning and number of reverted stages are higher the closer to the struck block.
 * Can be crafted into cut copper.
 * There are 7 variants in total.


 * Budding Amethyst
 * Generates amethyst buds/clusters on any side that is exposed either to air or a water source block.
 * Cannot be obtained when mined, even with Silk Touch, and does not drop anything.
 * Breaks immediately if pushed by a piston or sticky piston.
 * Cannot be pulled by sticky pistons.
 * Generates in amethyst geodes.


 * Calcite
 * An off-white stone that generates in geodes, between smooth basalt and amethyst.


 * Cave Vines
 * A natural light source, with a light level of 14 when it has berries.
 * Drop glow berries.
 * Growth can be sped up using bone meal.
 * Berries can be harvested from the vine.
 * Grow from glow berries when placed on the underside of a block.


 * Cobbled Deepslate
 * Drops from deepslate when mined with a pickaxe without Silk Touch.
 * Can be used interchangeably with cobblestone and blackstone in crafting recipes of basic tools, furnaces and brewing stands.
 * Can be crafted into respective stairs, slabs and walls, Polished Deepslate, Chiseled Deepslate, Deepslate Bricks and Deepslate Tiles, which can be used to craft their respective stairs, slabs, and walls (excluding Chiseled Deepslate).
 * Deepslate Bricks and Deepslate Tiles can also be smelted onto their cracked variants.
 * Can now be smelted back into deepslate.


 * Copper Ore
 * Generates randomly underground in large veins, but this has been confirmed to be a placeholder.
 * Has the same rarity as iron.
 * Generating starts at the same minimum level(s) as iron.
 * Can be smelted into a copper ingot.


 * Cut Copper
 * Can be made into stair and slab variants.
 * Oxidizes and changes texture over time.
 * Can be stopped from oxidizing by combining it with a honeycomb to create Waxed Cut Copper.
 * There are 7 variants in total.


 * Cut Copper Slab
 * Oxidizes and changes texture over time.
 * Can be stopped from oxidizing by combining it with a honeycomb to create a Waxed Cut Copper Slab.
 * There are 7 variants in total.


 * Cut Copper Stairs
 * Oxidizes and changes texture over time.
 * Can be stopped from oxidizing by combining it with a honeycomb to create Waxed Cut Copper Stairs.
 * There are 7 variants in total.


 * Deepslate
 * A dark-gray stone found between Y = 16 to Y = -64 of the world.
 * Makes a gradual transition from stone to deepslate as the Y-level reaches 0.
 * Takes over fully underground starting from Y=-8.
 * Deepslate blobs can also be found between heights 0 and 16.
 * Has a hardness value greater than that of stone but can be mined with any pickaxe.
 * Drops cobbled deepslate when mined.
 * Can be obtained only with a Silk Touch pickaxe.
 * There are 19 variants in total, including
 * Cobbled Deepslate Slab
 * Cobbled Deepslate Stairs
 * Cobbled Deepslate Wall
 * Polished Deepslate
 * Polished Deepslate Slab
 * Polished Deepslate Stairs
 * Polished Deepslate Wall
 * Deepslate Bricks
 * Deepslate Brick Slab
 * Deepslate Brick Stairs
 * Deepslate Brick Wall
 * Deepslate Tiles
 * Deepslate Tile Slab
 * Deepslate Tile Stairs
 * Deepslate Tile Wall
 * Chiseled Deepslate


 * Deepslate Ore
 * Added deepslate variants of all ores, including iron, gold, copper, coal, diamond, redstone, emerald, and lapis lazuli.
 * Deepslate ore variants for copper, emerald and coal ore do not generate by default; they have been added for use only by creators of maps and addons.
 * Takes twice as long to mine as normal ores.
 * Has the texture of deepslate replacing the normal stone texture.
 * Takes place of ores that generate in deepslate.
 * Can be used in blasting and smelting recipes like normal ores.


 * Dripleaf
 * Allows an entity to stay on it for 1.5 seconds (30 ticks), before the entity falls through it.
 * The tilt happens in 3 stages: Unstable, Partial, and Full.
 * All the stages are solid except the Full stage, which is when the player falls through.
 * When nobody is standing on it, it is set to none stage.
 * The tilt can also be triggered by hitting the plant with a projectile.
 * The tilt can be prevented by powering it with redstone, but hitting it with a projectile still tilts.
 * Comes in two sizes: Small and Big. Small can be applied bone meal to grow into Big.
 * Small dripleaf can be obtained only with shears (otherwise breaks), and can be planted only on clay, or underwater on clay and dirt blocks.
 * Big dripleaf can be obtained with any tool or by hand, and can be planted on grass and dirt blocks.


 * Dripstone Block
 * A decoration block.
 * Appears to be made of the same materials as stalactites and stalagmites but as a full cube.
 * Generates rarely inside regular caves.
 * Can be crafted from 4 pointed dripstone.


 * Glow Item Frame
 * Placeable entities that appear to glow.
 * Do not affect the light level, but appear as if lit up themselves.
 * Items placed inside also glow.
 * Crafted using an item frame and a glow ink sac.


 * Glow Lichen
 * A naturally occurring light source found rarely in caves, growing on any face of a block.
 * Has a light level of 7.
 * Obtained with shears, otherwise breaks.
 * Does not spread naturally, although bone meal can be used to spread it horizontally (or vertically if on the side of a block).
 * It spreads to adjacent spaces, up to 4.
 * Can be waterlogged.
 * Unlike vines, it does not pop off when underwater, and is not climbable.


 * Hanging Roots
 * Decorative blocks that can be placed only on the underside of a block.
 * Obtained with shears, otherwise breaks.


 * Lightning Rod
 * Can be crafted with 3 copper ingots.
 * Lightning strikes within a 64-block radius get redirected to the lightning rod.
 * Gives off a redstone signal with a strength of 15 if hit by lightning.
 * Can be activated directly by throwing a trident with Channeling at it during a thunderstorm.


 * Moss Block
 * An opaque block with a grass-like texture on all sides.
 * Can be fertilized with bone meal to grow grass, tall grass, Moss Carpets, and both types of azaleas on it and in its vicinity.
 * Can be fertilized with bone meal to grow over (expand) across stone surfaces, but not grass surfaces.
 * Can be combined with cobblestone or stone bricks to make the mossy versions of those blocks.
 * Vines can still be used, in addition to moss blocks.


 * Moss Carpet
 * Same texture as the moss block, but one pixel thick.
 * Can be crafted with moss blocks, or be obtained by applying bone meal to them.


 * Pointed Dripstone
 * Can be either placed on a ceiling to create a stalactite, or on top of a block to create a stalagmite.
 * Can be combined to form longer stalactites and stalagmites.
 * Thrown tridents break pointed dripstone, which also breaks when pushed directly or with a block by a piston.
 * Stalagmites break if not attached to something below
 * Stalagmites hurt entities that fall on top of them more than normal fall damage.
 * Damage is relative to height: For example, jumping on a stalagmite deals of damage, and falling from 3 blocks deals  of damage.
 * Stalactites can fall or break if unsupported, and break apart on impact, hurting entities they fall on.
 * Damage is relative to height: For example, one falling from 2 blocks deals of damage, and one falling from 3 blocks deal  of damage.
 * They drip water or lava into cauldrons if a source block is placed above the stalactite, and gradually fill the cauldron. Water drips even without any water above the block (lava in the Nether), but does not fill the cauldron.


 * Powder Snow
 * A variant of snow, entities that walk over it sink into it.
 * Leather boots can be worn to prevent entities from sinking into powder snow blocks.
 * Players can still crouch to descend with leather boots. Wearing leather boots also allows powder snow to be "climbed", like water or scaffolding. They also prevent fall damage when landing on powder snow.
 * Leather Horse Armor also protects horses from freeze damage.
 * When inside a powder snow block, a frosty vignette appears around the player's screen and any entity (with the exception of strays, polar bears, and snow golems) inside starts freezing and taking damage after a short time.
 * Wearing any piece of leather armor stops the freeze effect.
 * Can be collected and placed with a bucket.
 * Entities on fire melt powder snow when colliding.


 * Rooted Dirt
 * A dirt-like decorative block with roots on its texture.
 * Similar to coarse dirt, neither mycelium nor grass spread to it.
 * Using bone meal on any side grows hanging roots underneath.


 * Sculk Sensor
 * A redstone component that sends and receives redstone signals wirelessly.
 * Currently, it does not generate naturally, available only from the Creative inventory or commands such as, but natural generation is planned for future versions.
 * Senses vibrations such as block placement, footsteps, and projectiles, and emits a redstone signal.
 * Vibration JE1 BE1.gif Emits particles when it senses a vibration nearby.
 * A comparator connected to it emits different signal strengths based on what caused the signal.
 * Does not detect ambient weather such as rain.


 * Smooth Basalt
 * A basalt variant that composes the outer layer of amethyst geodes.
 * Can be obtained by smelting basalt.


 * Spore Blossom
 * Can be placed only on the underside of a block.
 * Sends green particles downward when opened.
 * Particles appear in the air around the block.


 * Tinted Glass
 * A black variant of glass that is transparent to players, but does not let light through.
 * Can be crafted with 4 amethyst shards and a glass block.
 * Stained glass cannot be used to craft tinted glass.
 * Drops itself if mined without Silk Touch or even by hand, unlike glass.


 * Tuff
 * A deep grayish stone that can generate in blobs between Y = 16 to Y = 0 of the world.

Items

 * Amethyst Shard
 * Obtained from breaking amethyst clusters.
 * The amount dropped can be increased with the Fortune enchantment.
 * Can be used to craft tinted glass, blocks of amethyst, and spyglasses.


 * Bucket of Axolotl
 * Obtained by using a water bucket on an axolotl, similar to fish.
 * Can be used to carry around and empty out axolotls, also similarly to fish.


 * Copper Ingot
 * Obtained by smelting copper ore.
 * Used to craft copper blocks and lightning rods.


 * Glow Berries
 * Can be eaten, restoring.
 * Grow on cave vines.
 * Once harvested, the vines lose their Glow Berry texture.
 * Used to breed foxes.


 * Glow Ink Sac
 * Dropped by glow squids when killed.
 * Can be used to craft glow item frames.
 * Can be used to make text glow on signs.


 * Goat Horn
 * Dropped by a goat if it rams into a block.
 * When used for a short period of time, it makes a sound identical to the horn heard during raids.


 * Raw Copper
 * Drops from copper ore when mined with a stone pickaxe or higher without Silk Touch.
 * Can be smelted into copper ingots.


 * Raw Gold
 * Drops from gold ore when mined with a iron pickaxe or higher without Silk Touch.
 * Can be smelted into gold ingots.
 * Piglins attempt to pick up raw gold.


 * Raw Iron
 * Drops from iron ore when mined with a stone pickaxe or higher without Silk Touch.
 * Can be smelted into iron ingots.


 * Powder Snow Bucket
 * Obtained by using a bucket on powder snow.
 * Can be used to place a powder snow block wherever it is used.


 * Spawn Eggs
 * Added Axolotl spawn egg.
 * Added Goat spawn egg.
 * Added Glow Squid spawn egg.


 * Spyglass
 * Crafted with 2 copper ingots and an amethyst shard.
 * When used, it zooms in on wherever the player is looking but limits their view to a square.
 * The scope texture is a glass square with a copper border.
 * The overlay that limits the view can be removed with a resource pack.
 * There is a unique animation for using the spyglass, which is visible in a third-person perspective or by another player.

Mobs

 * Axolotl
 * Can spawn in underground water sources.
 * The first amphibian added to Minecraft.
 * Dry out and start taking damage after 5 minutes of being out of water.
 * Can be caught using a water bucket, like fish.
 * Can be bred using buckets of tropical fish.
 * Come in five different colors (leucistic, yellow, brown, white, and blue, which is rare).
 * Blue axolotls are very rare, with a $1/1200$ chance of spawning.
 * Plays dead when damaged, receiving Regeneration I.
 * This regeneration ability is likely based on how real axolotls can regrow lost limbs.
 * Attacks drowned, guardians, elder guardians, squids, glow squids and fish, dealing damage.
 * They have a two-minute cooldown after hunting non-hostile targets such as fish and squids.
 * They prioritise attacking hostile mobs over passive ones.
 * If a player kills a mob an axolotl is in combat with, the player gets a Regeneration I effect and is rid of Mining Fatigue, if they had it.


 * Goat
 * Spawns in mountain biomes.
 * Can jump higher than other mobs to avoid obstacles, at around 5 blocks tall.
 * Takes reduced fall damage.
 * Avoids powder snow by jumping over it.
 * Can be bred with wheat to produce a baby goat.
 * A bucket can be used on them to get milk.
 * Drops one goat horn when ramming into a block. Goat horns do not regrow.


 * Glow Squid
 * Originates from the mob of the same name in Minecraft Earth.
 * Underwater mob that behaves like a regular squid.
 * Can spawn in underground water sources.
 * Is attacked by axolotls without provocation.
 * Drops glow ink sacs when killed.
 * Does not affect the light level, but appears as if lit up. Glows in the same way that magma cube cores, vexes, blazes and the eyes of spiders, drowned, and endermen do.
 * Stops glowing for a short time and swims away quickly after taking damage.

World generation

 * Amethyst Geodes
 * A new feature found uncommonly underground (can rarely appear exposed to the surface close to sea level).
 * Contains blocks of amethyst and budding amethyst blocks, which are encased in a shell of calcite and smooth basalt (previously calcite and tuff).
 * Also generates with a small nearby air pocket nearby that may open into the geode.
 * Most commonly generates at lower levels (y = 6 to y = 47)
 * Overrides standard caves and ravines, but is overridden by abandoned mineshafts.

Gameplay

 * Death messages
 * Added 3 new death messages:
 * " froze to death".
 * " was skewered by a falling stalactite".
 * " was impaled on a stalagmite".

Blocks

 * Blackstone, gilded blackstone, and stair, slab and wall variants
 * Slightly changed the texture.


 * Composter
 * Some items are now compostable:
 * 30% chance: non-flowering azalea leaves, glow berries, moss carpet, small dripleaf, hanging roots.
 * 50% chance: flowering azalea leaves, glow lichen.
 * 65% chance: spore blossoms, non-flowering azalea, moss blocks, big dripleaf.
 * 85% chance: flowering azalea.


 * Dispensers
 * Can be used to wax copper blocks with Honeycomb.


 * Ores
 * Texture changes (all overworld ores except diamond) had the shape of the "ore pattern" in the stone changed to make them visually distinct for colorblind players:
 * {| class="wikitable" data-description="Natural Blocks"

! Name ! Old texture ! New texture ! Deepslate texture
 * Coal Ore
 * Coal Ore JE2 BE2.png
 * Coal Ore JE5 BE4.png
 * Deepslate_Coal_Ore_JE1_BE2.png
 * Diamond Ore
 * Diamond Ore JE3 BE3.png
 * Diamond Ore JE5 BE5.png
 * Deepslate Diamond Ore JE2.png
 * Emerald Ore
 * Emerald Ore JE3 BE2.png
 * Emerald Ore JE4 BE3.png
 * Deepslate Emerald Ore JE1.png
 * Gold Ore
 * Gold Ore JE3 BE2.png
 * Gold Ore JE7 BE4.png
 * Deepslate Gold Ore JE2.png
 * Iron Ore
 * Iron Ore JE3.png
 * Iron Ore JE6 BE4.png
 * Deepslate Iron Ore JE2.png
 * Lapis Lazuli Ore
 * Lapis Lazuli Ore JE2 BE2.png
 * Lapis Lazuli Ore JE4 BE4.png
 * Deepslate Lapis Lazuli Ore JE3 BE2.png
 * Redstone Ore
 * Redstone Ore JE2 BE2.png
 * Redstone Ore JE4 BE3.png
 * Deepslate Redstone Ore JE2.png
 * }
 * Deepslate Lapis Lazuli Ore JE3 BE2.png
 * Redstone Ore
 * Redstone Ore JE2 BE2.png
 * Redstone Ore JE4 BE3.png
 * Deepslate Redstone Ore JE2.png
 * }
 * }


 * Signs
 * Changed the textures of oak signs to reflect new textures in the Texture Update.
 * Can now be tinted with glow ink sacs to make the text glow.
 * Glowing signs do not affect the light level, but appear as if the text itself is illuminated.
 * Regular ink sacs can be used to remove the glowing effect.


 * Smoker
 * Changed the top texture of the smoker.


 * Stonecutter
 * Can be used to craft the different copper block variants.

Items

 * Jungle Doors
 * Changed the texture of the jungle door item to reflect the block texture in the Texture Update.


 * Sugar Cane
 * Changed the texture of the sugar cane item to better reflect biome tinting.

Mobs

 * Drowned
 * Now have a chance of dropping a copper ingot instead of a gold ingot.


 * Foxes
 * Eat glow berries.


 * Guardian and Elder Guardian
 * Removed some stray pixels from the texture file.


 * Villagers and Zombie Villagers
 * Mason villagers can now sell 4 dripstone blocks for an emerald.


 * Wandering Traders
 * Added the following trades to the wandering trader:
 * Will sell 2 small dripleafs for an emerald.
 * Will sell 2 pointed dripstones for an emerald.
 * Will sell 2 rooted dirt for an emerald.
 * Will sell 2 moss blocks for an emerald.

Non-mob entities

 * Paintings
 * Changed the back texture to reflect the texture of the planks in the Texture Update.

World generation

 * Mineshafts
 * Mineshaft pieces no longer generate if they were fully floating in the air.
 * Corridors now generate with wooden logs as pillars for support, or chains and oak fences as hanging support if needed.
 * Cobwebs no longer generate floating without an adjacent block.
 * Glow berries can be found in mineshaft chest minecarts.


 * Shipwrecks
 * Moss blocks can be found in chests.

Planned additions
''Please note that the names of many features are currently placeholders. They may be marked with the template .''

Blocks

 * Candle
 * Crafted with honeycomb and string.
 * Comes with 16 dyed types and a yellowish non-dyed type.
 * Can be lit by any item that produces fire.
 * Up to 4 can be placed in a single block, similar to sea pickles, for a maximum light level of 12.
 * Only candles of the same color can be placed on the same block.
 * Only one can be placed on an uneaten cake and lit.
 * If any of the cake is consumed, the candle pops off.
 * Can be placed underwater, but cannot be lit.


 * Generates in the mysterious new cave biome, referred to as the "deep dark" temporarily.
 * Has an animated texture.
 * May be used in redstone.
 * May be used in redstone.






 * Generates in the deep dark biome.
 * Has a different top texture than the Sculk Block and Sculk Chute.
 * May be used in redstone.


 * Generates in the deep dark caves.
 * Made of sculk and a bone-like material.
 * May be used in redstone.
 * Glows but does not emit light, similar to the glow squid or the glow item frame.
 * Glows but does not emit light, similar to the glow squid or the glow item frame.




 * Generates in the deep dark cave biome.
 * Generates in a layer on top of blocks, similar to snow.
 * Can be placed in all directions, like glow lichen.
 * Some have parts that are transparent, allowing the player to see the block it is on top of.
 * May be used in redstone as seen in this video when they talk about the sculk sensor.

Items

 * Bundle
 * Crafted with 2 string and 6 rabbit hide.
 * Used to store other items (except shulker boxes) inside of it.
 * Can hold only one stack of items, but is able to hold different types of items inside of it.
 * Items with smaller stacks, such as ender pearls, take up more room in a bundle, and non-stackable items take up the whole bundle.
 * The bundle's contents can be opened by pressing while holding it, throwing out its entire content into the world. When destroyed as an entity, it drops the items it currently has as well.
 * Right-clicking a bundle in the inventory empties one item from the bundle.
 * Even though bundles are not stackable, bundles can be nested.
 * Can hold up to 16 bundles.
 * Only empty bundles can be placed in other bundles without using commands.
 * Has a GUI when hovering over it.
 * Shows contained items in its GUI's inventory slots when hovering over it, as well as fullness as a number.
 * Note: Bundles can hold any amount of any item if added using commands.


 * Warden Spawn Egg.png The Warden spawn egg is visually confirmed but not yet implemented.
 * Warden Spawn Egg.png The Warden spawn egg is visually confirmed but not yet implemented.

Mobs





 * Spawns in the new deep dark biome.
 * The first fully blind mob (bats, despite relying almost exclusively on echolocation, still have basic eyesight).
 * When sensing movement, it moves toward the source of the movement.
 * It follows and attacks players, mobs, and other entities that make vibrations.
 * It does not attack other Wardens.
 * When attacked, it path finds toward the player.
 * Seems to follow the same rules as the sculk sensor when detecting noise.
 * When it detects a vibration, the growths on its head rattle and light up, similar to the sculk sensor.
 * If any projectile (e.g. egg, snowball, arrow) lands near the Warden, the mob inspects the location where the projectile landed, due to the projectile creating movement and noise. This feature can be used in order to cause a distraction.
 * Does not detect players that are sneaking.
 * Can detect players that are invisible.
 * When aggravated for long enough, the warden follows the player continuously, regardless of any other distractions.
 * Incredibly strong, doing damage, bringing players wearing full netherite armor from full health to  health points.
 * A mob designed to be extremely difficult and fled from.
 * Has a way to counter the strategy of building up 3 blocks to avoid attacks.
 * At least as fast as the player's walking speed.
 * Seems to have knockback resistance.
 * The warden's chest has a glowing core that appears to brighten and dim in tandem with the ambient lighting of the deep dark cave biome.
 * The core creates a low throbbing sound as it pulses. The sound and animation seem to speed up rapidly when the warden notices a player.
 * Is about 3.5 blocks tall, making it one of the tallest mobs in the game, exceeding the iron golem and enderman in height and width (the same).

Gameplay

 * While in the deep dark cave biome, the ambient lighting occasionally dims temporarily, limiting the player's visibility. This serves as a warning that the warden is nearby.
 * While in the deep dark cave biome, the ambient lighting occasionally dims temporarily, limiting the player's visibility. This serves as a warning that the warden is nearby.

World generation

 * Other Stones
 * Diorite or calcite and what appears to be tuff spawn in layers of stone in straight lines instead of splotches.

Structures

 * Underground Cabin
 * Seen in the Deep Dark biome during the Minecraft Live 2020 stream.
 * Consists of a chamber with a cobblestone floor and stripped log support beams, containing 3 barrels, a blast furnace, and a large chest, with cobwebs and candles in and around it.
 * May possibly not be a generated structure, but instead a construction built for the purpose of the Warden showcase.