Water

Water is a fluid that can only be placed by the player when using a bucket (unless hacked in the player's inventory). On newly-generated maps, water is common at ocean level also known as sea level (elevation 64) in the form of lakes. It also appears in pools, (and from Indev Michael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modelto Minecraft 1.0, springs) underground and lakes above ground.

Though it cannot be placed by the player in single-player Creative, it could briefly be placed in Survival by detonating a Creeper in water and collecting 'water blocks'. It can be placed in Infdev, Alpha and Beta by using a bucket. There was also a Water-generMichael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modelating block in Indev mode, but has since been removed in newly-generated maps. However, they can still be placed in a map editor such as Omen and MC Edit.

Water cannot be found in The Nether and water from a bucket will evaporate as soon as it touches anything in there. However, water can be made in the Nether by placing an ice block which will melt. Water "blocks" obtained through inventory editing can still be placed in The Nether.

Water reduces light by 2 for every block, in addition to normal dispersion.

Spreading
In Classic, Water spreads horizontally and downwards by duplicating itself to empty squares. Water spreads faster than the speed of a walking player, and if left alone covers everything at or below the level the water started at if there is a direct connection. Water is semi-transparent and slows down the player if he or she is moving through it.

In Beta, Water is much deeper and the player (and all other mobs, with the exception of the squid) starts to drown after his or her 15-second air gauge is eliminated. Water cushions fall damage to a certain extent, in the same way that it dampens horizontal movement as well (up to 16 blocks for a 1 block deep water, and 32 blocks above water for a 2 block deep water). You still can die from it, however. It is advised that you allow at least two, or three blocks of water for any unreasonable jump. Three blocks of water will guarantee survival.

In Infdev, Alpha, or Beta mode, Water spreads across surfaces in a slightly more realistic way but cannot spread on top of another Water block. This allows the creation of waterfalls in these modes. The player can pick up Water blocks from sources such as an ocean or a lake by use of a Bucket. When placed again, the Water creates a spring which generates flowing or falling water. When a spring is destroyed, all flowing water created from it will slowly dry up. If there is a hole six blocks or fewer from the point of origin, the water will tend to flow in that direction. Spawner blocks and falling water that has landed on a solid block will always flow in at least one direction unless restricted. Water will travel a distance of 7 tiles with the counter resetting every time it lands on a lower level. If a block next to a water spawner block is destroyed, the water will immediately flow in that direction unless there was a block beneath the destroyed Michael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Michael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modelStrategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modelblock.

Management
Water tends to be harder to deal with on non-creative modes.

Placing a block in the same space as water will replace the water. Entire lakes can be filled this way. Some Decorations, Piston's head, Ladders and Sugar Cane will also displace water. In survival mode, blocks take a longer time to break while the player is underwater.

Using a redstone wire, a one-block water flow can be redirected by supplying power to the source block, which will cause it to reset the flow towards the now-nearest terrain depression. The flow can then be put back so that it is not redirected until a block change occurs again, as seen in this video. This re-calculation is made because redstone wire when toggled changes the block from redstone(on), to redstone(off). whenever a block updates on any side of water, the water re-calculates where to flow, but does not cut off its current direction of flow. By using the fact that flowing water destroys torches, it is even possible to create multi-usable water toggles, as seen in this video.

Springs
In Infdev mode, springs can consist of either Water or Lava. Springs are randomly generated in caverns underground and sometimes above ground. Springs canMichael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners model also be placed by the player by picking up Water from the ocean by use of a bucket and then placing the Water again. A spring will generate Water which cannot flood a room because Water cannot spread on the top of another Water block. If a spring is removed, all Water that was created from it will also be removed, which makes it hard for things to be ruined by springs.

Infinite Spring Duplication
In Infdev, Alpha, [[BetaMichael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners model]], and release, Water springs can be duplicated using any basin of at least three empty spaces, as long as the bottom is not Water, ladder or reed. Placing a Water spring at two sides of an empty (third) space will create a water spring in this third empty space. Also, removing the water from the middle of the basin will allow adjacent water springs to generate a new spring. (This does not work with lava.)

This can also be done in a 2x2x1 pit with two buckets of water dumped in diagonally opposite corners. Using this method, it does not matter where you take the water from. It will replenish itself regardless, even if one of the original source blocks of water is scooped up. Another example can be a 3x1x1 pit with two buckets of water dumped in opposite sides. The middle of the pit will always be replenished, but when taking water out of the sides, it will not. This can be useful when creating small creeks, because any pit that is 1 block both deep and wide can use this method. Thus, a player can place water in one space and skip one and place water in the next, which has the same result as filling three in a row.

Source blocks cannot be duplicated over an area deeper than 1 block.

Water as blast controller
If a layer of water is spread between a destructible block and an explosion, the block will be protected.

A one-block-thick water screen will stop most explosions from reaching the other side, however, a player laying multiple blocks of TNT should mind the placement of the explosives, as primed TNT entities may launch each other through the water screen.

Water Elevators
In Classic, water can be held into a column by using a sponge. This can be used to make pillars of water, which can be used as elevators.

In Infdev, Alpha, Beta, and Minecraft 1.0, swimming halfway off of a falling/floating water tile prevents damage from drowning. The player can travel up a waterfall by moving into the base of it and jumping.

Water ladder
Used to facilitate quick climbing in a strictly vertical manner. The accessible portion of this structure is a 1x1 shaft, but if created above ground would require 3x3 blocks of horizontal space.

Since doors prevent water flowing through them, placing one under a water ladder will allow easier access due to the lack of excess water pushing you away.

Note that small water ladders can allow you easy entrance into underwater caves you've already built into.

Base Jumping
Water can be used to jump off of bMichael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modeluildings and structures that would otherwise kill you by building a pool to land into. For each sixteen blocks of altitude the water must be one block deep, if the jump altitude is higher than sixteen blocks and the water is only one deep damage is taken from the total altitude minus sixteen (19 is safe). This can be used along with water elevators to enter and exit a very deep mineshaft or cave in a matter of seconds, saving time, and also saving the wood and stone otherwise used to make ladders and steps. It is recommended that you make a fairly wide pool in case you hit the edge and die. You can also hold the jump key to land in water only 1 block deep if necessary.

Water Brake
Alternatively, you can create a floating "water brake", using water held in mid-air with ladders, signs, or other non-solid blocks that resist water. Two or three blocks above the bottom of your vertical mineshaft, place a ladder to support the water block, then place the water block above the ladder. The way this works is that when the player collides with the water, it reverts the falling distance to zero and slows the player's downward velocity dramatically. The player can then safely land on the solid floor in a 2 block high air pocket under the water without taking fall damage or having to swim.

Water Bucket
Water can be collected by right clicking on a water block with a bucket, giving a water bucket. However only water spring/source blocks can be collected, not shallow flowing water.

Underwater Bases/shelters
If the player digs 3 blocks down into the bottom of a lake/water body, then digs into the wall of the hole (at least two blocks high), an underwater base can be made. To stop the water from flooding the base, dig the hole through which you enter 1 block deeper than the base's floor. Also, if you want to mine underwater, you can prevent drowning by digging a three chunk deep hole underwater, then going into the hole and covering the top with any material that blocks the flow of water. Alternatively, players may dig into walls or use signs to create air pockets. The hole will drain, because the water in that hole is flowing water, not a water source block. Cutting off the flowing water from the water source blocks the ocean is made of will drain the hole. If you wish to make a base on land that is hidden by water (to minimize theft or griefing in multi-player), you can use this method: Find a lake or body of water. Go to the bottom, and dig a 1 square meter hole as deep as you want it to be, then fill the hole with ladders. The ladders will eliminate the water, and you can jump in the lake and climb in and out of the hole (Though in order to climb out, you must hold the space bar when you reach the top of the hole in order to swim to the surface of the lake) Once you have filed the hole with ladders, you can dig/mine a cavern as large as you wish. You can use this cavern as your home or a base.

History
Although in Minecraft Classic the player cannot drown, in Survival Mode if they are underwater for more than 15 seconds, they will begin to lose hearts.

The texture for water was changed in the 0.0.19a client update (June 20, 2009), adding animation.

Before the 1.6 update, rain and snow would fall through water.

As of Beta 1.8, because of the change in how land is generated, if a player is in a world that was made pre-1.8 and travels into new chunks, there's a chance that a very, very large ocean may be formed as the Ocean biome. There will also be a one-block-high drop in sea level along the discontinuity between the old and new chunks with the old chunks being higher.

In Minecraft 1.0.0 and later, one-block ceilings immediately below water will have a "leak" particle effect (as with Lava), alerting the player that digging that block will unleash a torrent of water. Glass is excepted from this, allowing players to create leak-proof glass structures underwater.

As of 1.8, Ice could be used to bring water into the Nether in creative mode. The ice can be melted with a light source to make water. However, the water block will have to be updated in order for it to flow. Before Minecraft 1.0.0 it was impossible to mine ice with a tool enchanted with Silk Touch. A player would have needed a mod or admin privileges to get ice into their inventory.

Bugs

 * Sometimes, rare glitches can occur where water can be floating in mid air. It is unknown why this happens.


 * Additionally, as of Beta 1.6, water that flows on top of objects that normally pop out of the way from water approaching from the side are destroyed as the block below is replaced with water.


 * On some occasions, water in one chunk does not flow into newly generated chunks. This tends to occur more often in areas with enormous differences in height.


 * Underwater air pockets may appear in the middle of the ocean occasionally. They are seldom visible from the surface when they appear however.


 * Water dripping through signs, glass, fences, etc. looks odd. Notch has stated that it should probably not drip through glass.


 * Sand may appear near water underground in 1.0.0


 * Very rarely,very flat water can appear on a random block after destroying a waterfall's source block.

Trivia

 * Zombies and Skeletons can survive daylight if they are in water.
 * Endermen take damage and become neutral when in contact with water (But, as of 1.0.0, the Enderman will immediately teleport away from the water after taking damage)
 * You cannot see cracks from mining if the block is underwater and the player is not; this does not work in reverse.
 * Sometimes, water forms a small cascade in the middle of the ocean while creating the map. Rare glitches can even create big cascades which changes sea level (trees in water will be able to spawn). This is caused by underground lakes generating in the middle of the ocean.
 * Dropped items in flowing water now move faster as of version 1.5.
 * If you sneak while in water, you will be as slow as if you were swimming in lava.
 * In Classic, water flows without animation. This means it's infinite unless a player blocks the waMichael Porter is the author of 18 books and numerous articles including Competitive Strategy, Competitive Advantage, Competitive Advantage of Nations, and On Competition. A six-time winner of the McKinsey Award for the best Harvard Business Review article of the year, Professor Porter is the most cited author in business and economics.[2]

Michael Porter’s core field is competition and company strategy. He is generally recognized as the father of the modern strategy field, and his ideas are taught in virtually every business school in the world. His work has also re-defined thinking about competitiveness, economic development, economically distressed urban communities, environmental policy, and the role of corporations in society.

Recently, Porter has devoted considerable attention to understanding and addressing the pressing problems in health care delivery in the United States and other countries. His book, Redefining Health Care (written with Elizabeth Teisberg), develops a new strategic framework for transforming the value delivered by the health care system, with implications for providers, health plans, employers, and government, among other actors. The book received the James A. Hamilton award of the American College of Healthcare Executives in 2007 for book of the year. His New England Journal of Medicine research article, “A Strategy for Health Care Reform—Toward a Value-Based System” (June 2009), lays out a health reform strategy for the U.S. His work on health care is being extended to address the problems of health care delivery in developing countries, in collaboration with Dr. Jim Yong Kim and the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health.

In addition to his research, writing, and teaching, Porter serves as an advisor to business, government, and the social sector. He has served as strategy advisor to numerous leading U.S. and international companies, including Caterpillar, Procter & Gamble, Scotts Miracle-Gro, Royal Dutch Shell, and Taiwan Semiconductor. Professor Porter serves on two public boards of directors, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Parametric Technology Corporation. Professor Porter also plays an active role in U.S. economic policy with the Executive Branch and Congress, and has led national economic strategy programs in numerous countries. He is currently working with the Presidents of Rwanda and South Korea.

Michael Porter has founded three major non-profit organizations: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City - ICIC[3] in 1994, which addresses economic development in distressed urban communities; the Center for Effective Philanthropy, which creates rigorous tools for measuring foundation effectiveness; and FSG-Social Impact Advisors, a leading non-profit strategy firm serving NGOs, corporations, and foundations in the area of creating social value. He also currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Princeton University.

In 2000, Michael Porter was appointed a Harvard University Professor, the highest professional recognition that can be awarded to a Harvard faculty member.

Michael Porter is one of the founders of The Monitor Group, a strategy consulting firm that came under scrutiny in 2011 for its past contracts with the Muammar Gaddafi-led regime in Libya and alleged failure to register its activities under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.[4] He is a Senior Partner and Academic Director.

His main academic objectives focus on how a firm or a region can build a competitive advantage and develop competitive strategy. He is also a Fellow Member of the Strategic Management Society. One of his most significant contributions is the five forces. Porter's strategic system consists primarily of:

Competitive advantage Porter five forces analysis strategic groups (also called strategic sets) the value chain the generic strategies of cost leadership, product differentiation, and focus the market positioning strategies of variety based, needs based, and access based market positions global strategy Porter's clusters of competence for regional economic development Diamond model Porter's four corners modelter.
 * With item editors, you can get the water block itself.
 * While underwater, the player's FOV is lowered to simulate light refraction.
 * If there is a block in the water without a water source block directly beneath it, there is a small pocket of air beneath it. If a player swims up while underneath this block and holds the space bar, a glitch may occur; the water itself will look like air and will no longer seem to block light while holding the space bar. This glitch allows a clear view of the ocean floor, and also applies to lava. This glitch is client-side only, and may cause drowning in multiplayer.
 * Blocks take 5 times as long to break if the player is underwater, and 25 times as long if they are both underwater and not touching the ground.
 * If you have a waterfall with no blocks directly next to it on any side (diagonal is OK), you move faster up the waterfall. Signs, ladders, etc. are declared "blocks" in this case, and will make you move slower.  In other words, the pattern below will make you move faster up a waterfall (and slightly slower down the waterfall). In the diagram below, A is air, B is blocks, W is water.  As long as you maintain the four air blocks around the water, you will move faster upwards.
 * Since 1.8, particles can be seen throughout the water. This is most noticeable underwater, but can also be seen above. The particles suspended in water are the same as the particles seen near bedrock level.
 * Prior to 1.0.0, the Silk Touch enchantment could be used to gather ice in Survival mode and bring it to the Nether, making it perfectly possible to bring water to the Nether.
 * Briefly in 1.9 Prerelease 5 both water and lava would appear when surrounded horizontally by four source blocks, regardless of the block underneath. Additionally water would form source blocks underneath new source blocks, creating pillars as far down as it could go unobstructed.
 * As of 1.9 Prerelease 6, when water is not beneath any block, it will freeze in snowy biomes. However, breaking the ice block will still release water.
 * Water can be used to clear grass and flowers more quickly. Simply use a water bucket to place a water source, let it break all the grass and flowers in its radius, and simply pick up the source block again when it's done.
 * Briefly in 1.9 Prerelease 5 both water and lava would appear when surrounded horizontally by four source blocks, regardless of the block underneath. Additionally water would form source blocks underneath new source blocks, creating pillars as far down as it could go unobstructed.
 * As of 1.9 Prerelease 6, when water is not beneath any block, it will freeze in snowy biomes. However, breaking the ice block will still release water.
 * Water can be used to clear grass and flowers more quickly. Simply use a water bucket to place a water source, let it break all the grass and flowers in its radius, and simply pick up the source block again when it's done.