Potion

Potions are bottled substances. They are created by Brewing and when drunk give the player an effect for a limited time.

The water bottle is the base item that is used to create potions.

Witches
Witches can drop potions of Healing, Fire Resistance, Swiftness, or Water Breathing if they die while drinking that potion.

Wandering traders
Wandering traders have a chance to drop a Potion of Invisibility if they die while drinking the potion.

Brewing
Almost all potions are obtained by brewing.

The Potion of Luck and the Potion of Decay cannot be brewed. A command to give a Luck Potion is, while a Potion of Decay can be obtained via. Both are also available in the creative inventory.

Chest loot
Two Health II potions can be found in the brewing stand on ships in end cities, and one splash potion of Weakness can be found in a brewing stand in igloo basements.

$$, the cauldron in a swamp hut contains a random potion.

Bartering
Piglins may barter a potion, or a splash potion, of Fire Resistance when given a gold ingot.

Usage
Potions can be used by pressing and holding, similarly to eating food. Upon using, they apply the corresponding status effect to the player.

Drinking a potion while already under the effects of the same potion does not add onto the effects time, but simply resets it. A potion effect does not "downgrade" if a lower level is activated. For example, if a player has Regeneration II, drinking a regular potion of Regeneration does not have any effect.

Using a potion on a cauldron does not transfer the potion to the cauldron.

Modifiers
Potions can be modified in five ways.
 * 1) Brewing glowstone dust into certain potions will enhance their level of effect.
 * 2) Adding redstone will extend the duration of the effect.
 * 3) Brewing gunpowder into some potions makes them into splash potion (area effect).
 * 4) Adding dragon's breath to a splash potion creates a lingering potion extending the time the effect lasts.
 * 5) Brewing a fermented spider eye into specific potions modifies their effect, usually inverting it, which is referred to as "corruption".

The modifications of Enhancement and Extension are mutually exclusive.

Enhancing most potions trades some of its duration for a bigger effect. For example, the base Regeneration works for 44 seconds whereas Regeneration II lasts for only 22 seconds but heals more per tick during that time.

Extending a potion generally makes it last 2.5 times as long as its base potion, so a duration of 3 minutes becomes 8 minutes.

Corruption
The usual result of corruption is to invert of the potion's effect (for example Swiftness becomes Slowness). Interestingly, corrupting Poison (continuous damage effect) creates a Potion of Harming, an instant damage effect, instead of the continuous healing effect (regeneration) one would normally expect. Corrupting a Potion of Night Vision turns it into a Potion of Invisibility rather than an inverse effect that might be something like blindness.

Corrupting an extended or enhanced potion results in a corrupted potion with the same modifier, if it is supported by the corrupted effect. All of the "corrupted" potions except Harming can be extended, but it is the only one that can be enhanced. $$, the corruption of Healing II or Poison II potions results in a potion of Harming I.

Base potions
Base potions are potions that have no effect when the player drinks them, but are necessary as the basis for other potions.

Effect potions
Note that the duration of an enhanced potion is generally half the duration of its base potion and that the duration of an extended potion is generally $8/3$ the duration of its base potion.

Uncraftable potion
$$, the Uncraftable Potion is a potion with no effect that is unobtainable in regular gameplay.

It is also available in splash potion and lingering potion forms, as well as for tipped arrows.

It can be obtained using the following command:. It is also obtained any time a potion has invalid or missing potion effect tags, and thus serves as a placeholder.

Undead mobs
Potions of Healing and potions of Harming have the opposite effects on undead mobs, such as skeletons or zombies. Potions of Healing hurt them, and Harming heals them. In addition, undead mobs are not affected by Poison or Regeneration.

In Bedrock Edition, hitting an undead mob with a Regeneration Potion will always register as Regeneration I, no matter the level of the used potion.

Filling cauldrons with Potions
$$ potion bottles may be used on a cauldron to fill it. Using a glass bottle on a cauldron filled with a potion drains it and fills the bottle. Potions cannot be combined in a cauldron, nor can they be mixed with water.

Custom effects
$$, potions can also be obtained with any status effect using and the tag , which is an array of effects for the potion. See Item format for more information, and status effect for a list of effects and IDs.

ID




Metadata
$$, potions use the following item data values to indicate the kind of potion:

Java Edition

 * : The item's tag tag.

Normal potions use an NBT "Potion" tag to indicate the potion type. The values of the tag (to be prefixed with ) are:

Bedrock Edition

 * See Bedrock Edition level format/Item format.

Trivia

 * A potion can reach a maximum tier of 127, but using the command, effect levels can reach 255.
 * When a player drinks two potions by quickly switching to another potion immediately after drinking one, the second drinking animation is not shown.
 * A potion of Poison II lasts for 22.5 seconds, but it is displayed as 22 seconds because the item hover display shows rounded-down integer values.
 * The "Local Brewery" advancement uses the Uncraftable Potion texture for its icon.

Unused potions
Bedrock Edition has unused potion textures for several effects, along with their splash variants. These effects are: Absorption, Blindness, Haste, Health Boost, Hunger, Levitation, Mining Fatigue, Nausea, Resistance, and Saturation, as well as the Luck potion textures also present in Java Edition. These unused textures were changed along with the other potion textures during the texture update in Bedrock Edition 1.10.0. Strangely, the potion of levitation texture is a duplicate of the splash potion of levitation texture.