Tree

Trees are structures of wood and leaf blocks, created when a map chunk is generated or grown from a planted sapling. They are found in most biomes, and abound in forest-related biomes.

Structure
Their natural height varies widely, from a minimum of 5 blocks (4 wood and 1 leaf) up to 30 blocks in Jungle biomes.

The tree canopy is composed of leaf blocks, and grows 1—3 blocks higher than the highest wood block. The canopy may begin as low as 1 block from the ground (for a tree with a 4-block trunk) up to 6 blocks from the ground (for the tallest trees). Tree canopies appear to be generated from roughly spherical clusters of leaves about 5—7 blocks across, centered on sections of trunk or branches. Leaves must be supported by adjacent trunk or leaf blocks, or will wither and disappear.

Any normal tree with a trunk height of at least 4 has a chance to grow branches (wood blocks connected horizontally, vertically or diagonally to the trunk or other branches). Most of the time, a single tree will have between one and six branches, and each branch will have between one and six wood blocks. But in reality, no limit has been found, and the largest seen tree provided 55 wood. But this is very unlikely to happen naturally since most branches are about 3 blocks long. Branches support a much larger canopy than a tree with a single trunk. Birch and Pine trees cannot grow branches. Very rarely, "bush trees" or oak trees with leaves covering the entire trunk can be found (first found in late Alpha).

Sapling growth


Trees can be grown from saplings, which have a 1/16 chance of dropping from leaf blocks when they are destroyed or decay. Some players harvest wood from high-efficiency tree farms.

As of beta 1.5 saplings now occur in three separate varieties corresponding to oak, birch, and pine.

The sapling must be planted on a dirt or grass block. The sapling must have at least 4 blocks of space above it, and a light level of at least 9 in the block directly above the sapling (making the light in the sapling block at least 8, depending on torch placement). A sapling will uproot with light level 7 or less in the sapling block itself unless it has an unobscured zenith (except by glass or other fully transparent materials). All trees in a large radius around the player make attempts to grow at random intervals. For any given tree this can work out to about 3 attempts per minute, but a tree will usually not grow until nearly 30 minutes have elapsed since planting. When the tree attempts to grow it first checks that it has enough light, then chooses either to spawn as a Large Tree or a Small Tree. Large Trees require 4-14 blocks of open space directly above the sapling to grow (Air or Leaves only) but can otherwise be completely enclosed on all sides (which allows for the phenomenon of 'Tree Tubes'). Small Trees require no horizontal clearance at the base, 1 block around the main trunk, 2 blocks from the top of the trunk up to the ceiling and 6-8 blocks of vertical clearance (Thus a Small Tree can grow in a 1 deep hole, but not a 2 deep hole). Now that the tree has passed a light check and chosen a type of being either Large or Small, it checks if there is space to grow into what it has already (randomly) chosen to become. If it encounters an obstruction during this check, it fails to grow and must wait for the next pass before it can attempt to grow again. This means that a tree in an open field with enough light will grow quite quickly (usually right around the 30 minute mark), but a tree in a tree farm that stunts its size may make several attempts before finally growing. Bone Meal forces for the tree to grow if right clicked as long as all of the normal checks are in place (i.e. light, space, dirt, etc.).

All saplings will grow normally in The Nether and in The End, although they must be planted in dirt transported from the normal world.

Growth of oak trees

 * Growing oak trees are not blocked by leaf blocks.
 * Leaves of small trees (but not large ones) will destroy fences, glass, paintings, stairs, pistons, torches, and doors due to a mismatch between the tree's actual and test forms.
 * If there is a ceiling above a sapling, this will limit the maximum height of the tree that can grow from that sapling.
 * A large tree form exists with a single leaf block layer above the minimal 4-block trunk, allowing a tree to rarely grow in a vertical space with a height of only 5, but otherwise the maximum trunk height is 2 less than the vertical space, making the practical minimum height 6.
 * If you are standing on a sapling when it turns into a tree you will be trapped inside and begin to suffocate. You can escape by digging.
 * Bone Meal does not guarantee a tree will grow, but forces it to attempt to grow. The tree must pass all normal checks, including available space and light level, before it grows.
 * While tree trunks will not grow through solid blocks, the branches of large trees may grow through (replace) any blocks that are not directly above the trunk, including chests.
 * Even though trees found in swamps are composed of logs and leaves from oak trees, when an oak saplings grows in the swamp, it will never have vines on it.

Growth of birch and spruce trees
Birch and spruce trees never grow branches, always having only a straight trunk. Birch trees always have leaves at least 2 blocks above the ground, whereas oak trees may be as low as 1 (at least when in forest biomes).

Birch and spruce seem to require a 5*6 and 5*7(height of tree) volume, respectively, starting at one meter above the base of the sapling, that is completely empty of anything but leaves of any type. birch and spruce trees will not grow if this space is obstructed by other blocks (including torches). This behavior is different from oak trees, which will grow regardless of obstructions (usually not growing into the obstructed area).

Birch trees may grow faster than oak trees. A Birch tree has been seen growing from sapling to fully grown tree in under 1 day. It looks like they skip the 30 minute delay entirely; in very rare cases they even grow within one minute. This has been reported for SSP and SMP.

Growth of jungle trees


Jungle tree leaves drop jungle tree saplings. They have a unique look, unlike any of the other saplings. When planted in grass or dirt they grow in to a jungle tree with a 1x1 trunk, unlike the occasional jungle trees with a 2x2 trunk that you find naturally in the jungle biome. However, when using a bone meal on a 2x2 square of jungle tree saplings (Or using 3 other forms of saplings and using the bone meal on the alone jungle tree sapling), it will make a giant tree with a 2x2 trunk, vines and all other attributes of a giant tree. For growth to succeed, there may be no blocks adjacent (even diagonally) to the north-western sapling (which is considered the center of the tree) up to the height of the final tree, as well as no blocks 1 block away except at the same level of the sapling. Light level and which sapling the bonemeal is used on are irrelevant. There are also some materials, that do not block jungle tree growth at all, including wood (not planks), dirt, leaves and saplings (but not vines or tall grass).

Types/Biomes
So far the four types include Oak trees, birch trees, conifer trees, and jungle trees. Birch and pine trees are fairly uncommon compared to regular trees. Birch trees stand out due to their white colored bark, and conifers have blue tinted leaves that usually grow in more than one row on a tree. Conifers normally grow in Taiga biomes however they can grow in others. If planted in a biome other than Taiga, conifers will take longer to grow than if they were in a Taiga biome. Pine trees can have a conifer-like triangular formation of leaves or a long trunk with the regular, but smaller foliage. Jungle trees are exclusive to the Jungle Biome and have a unique growth system. The birch and conifer tree types behave in the same way regular trees do, with saplings and wood blocks, and leaves. Different types of wood blocks cannot be stacked together. More tree types may be added in the future. Trees occuring naturally in swamps may have vines hanging down, but if a sapling grows in the swamp, it won't include vines. Jungle trees, on the other hand, have vines both if they're naturally occuring, and if they're grown using four saplings (see above).

Uses
Tree harvesting is an essential first step for any player in Survival mode. The wooden blocks can be harvested for wood, without requiring tools (although an axe quickens harvesting). Each wood block can be crafted into wooden planks and sticks, which are used for crafting tools.

Wood can also be smelted into charcoal, an equivalent of coal.

When leaves are harvested, or decay naturally, there is a chance they will drop a sapling, which can be planted to grow a new tree. Decaying oak tree leaves also have a 1/200 chance of dropping a Red Apple. Destroying leaves does not require a tool; however, a sword destroys leaves negligibly faster, but this quickly degrades the sword. Using a hoe to destroy a leaf block will not degrade its durability, but does not destroy faster than your hands. Since Beta 1.7, Shears have been added to harvest leaf blocks quickly, and will drop a usable leaf block for the player to pick up.

History
Trees were introduced in Minecraft Classic and had only a single foliage color. Tree growth was added to Alpha in 0.0.14a and Creative in 0.28_01.

Birch and pine trees were introduced in Beta 1.2. Trees predating this update would appear to have multiple types of leaves, as the data indicating tree type was previously used for decay calculations.

In Beta 1.5, birch and pine saplings became available. Post-Beta 1.5 oak-type saplings will not stack with pre-Beta 1.5 saplings.

In Beta 1.8, the Swampland biome was added, with a new tree design (made of the same blocks as oak trees), which are of more uniform size and have vines growing on them. There is no way to grow these trees; oak saplings will grow normal oak trees.

In the fourth pre-release of update 1.9 (and possibly earlier) trees can sometimes be found growing on blocks of sand. This has been observed in swamp biomes.

In release 1.1, oak leaves were given a 1/200 chance of dropping a Red Apple when they are destroyed or decay.

In release 1.2, the Jungle tree became available.

Trivia

 * Trees will only grow if they are planted on a chunk of the map that is loaded into memory. If you plant saplings and then explore another more distant area of your world for a few Minecraft days, they will still be saplings when you return.
 * Before beta, trees could destroy glass if their growth would occupy the same space.
 * It seems with the addition of different types of lakes above ground, you may have floating trees. This happens since the tree is spawned when the chunk loads first. Then, the lake is spawned afterward. This leaves the tree floating above the lake.
 * If a sapling is surrounded by a 2 block tall tube it guarantees that it will, eventually, grow into a big tree. The tube forces the small tree growth to always fail each attempt. However, this takes far longer to produce a mature tree, due to the low chance that a sapling will try to grow into a big tree.
 * An already spawned tree will not grow further wood or leaves.
 * Tree glitch can be used to find mine shafts, strongholds and caves. Dig 1 block deep into the ground, plant a tree in the hole and use bone meal while standing 1 block next to it.  Occasionally you will be inside the leaves of the tree and be able to see through the ground.
 * There is a third tree height that grows 17 blocks tall, instead of the previous 14. This is not yet confirmed. The middle trees are examples of them. Note that these are not birch trees, but conifers. Bunch of birch trees.pngForest with tall thin tree.png


 * When a leaf block is placed in the Nether, it has the same colour as if it were placed in a drier biome.
 * Two regular saplings planted near each other have a chance to grow above their normal height limit of 14. (Example: 16 tall with 57 wood)
 * It is possible for trees to grow past y-coordinate 128.
 * A tree standing over a lava pool will eventually warm up enough and burst into flames, starting a fire that will destroy the tree.
 * Trees can naturally spawn on stone, sand, and clay. It is unknown if this is a bug.
 * Trees can easily be planted on other trees by simply using 1 dirt block, however, these trees take longer to grow and they will grow into small trees unless you use tree tubing.
 * If you sprint on leaf blocks, the particles that come off them will be gray.

A Tip on Cutting Trees

 * When trying to cut a big tree (like the ones in the Taiga Biome), the best technique is to get up to the top and cut the wood from there going down (the same applies to tall trees).
 * To easily cut down a Jungle Tree, climb its vines and reach the top. From there, you should be able to cut the rest of the tree down using the above method.