Effect

Status effects are various conditions that affect an entity, which can be either helpful or harmful. Status effects can be inflicted in various ways throughout the game, most commonly from use of food, potions and beacons.

The command allows players to inflict effects upon themselves and other players and entities.

Behavior
Any entities inflicted by a status effect will be affected in various ways for an amount of time. During the effect, swirly particles emanate from the position of the inflicted entity. Players can open their inventory to see any current status effects afflicted upon them, as well as its strength and duration. The level of the effect determines its power. The higher the level, the stronger the effect is.

Internally, and in the command and potion Amplifier NBT tags, the game stores an "amplifier" value rather than the level. The amplifier is one less than the level, for example Strength II has an amplifier of 1.

Due to the way this amplifier is stored in NBT, amplifiers of 128 to 255 (levels 129 to 256) in NBT tags (e.g. on potions) are treated as if they were −128 to −1 (levels −127 to 0) respectively. The command initially applies such amplifiers in their positive-valued sense but this is later converted to the negative-valued interpretation, leading to inconsistent results.

Any number of different status effects can be simultaneously active on a player, even in the case of opposing effects, such as Strength and Weakness. However, it is not possible to apply the same effect multiple times, even if the effects are of different levels (e.g. Strength and Strength II cannot both be active at the same time). In the event of applying an effect already active on the player, the new version of the effect overwrites the old effect, giving a new level and full duration, if the new effect is of equal or greater level.

Note that even with commands, effects cannot be made to last forever. If an effect is set to an excessively large amount of time, such as 182 hours [655200 seconds], it will display as "**:**", but will still continue ticking down and eventually expire.

All of these status effects can be removed by drinking milk. Singleplayer users with cheats enabled and operators in Multiplayer servers can use command with the time of the effect set to 0 or  to achieve the same goal.

List of effects

 * Sources
 * Blocks, items, and mobs which can produce the effect legitimately in Survival mode. The command can produce all status effects so is not repeated below.


 * Particle
 * Color of status effect particle in RGB hexadecimal notation, with a common color name.


 * ID
 * Status effect identifying number, used in commands and third-party tools.


 * Name ID
 * Status effect identifying name, used in commands and third-party tools.

Absorption
Absorbs damage.


 * Effect
 * Adds × level "absorption health". Absorption health cannot be replenished by natural regeneration or other effects, and vanishes when the effect ends.
 * Negative levels do nothing initially, but give × |−level| (that do not vanish) when the effect ends.


 * Notes
 * Absorption hearts of a mounted mob can be seen while riding it.

.

Bad Luck
Decreases chances of high-quality loot.


 * Effect
 * Subtracts 1 × level from attribute, making loot table entries with a high   score less likely, and entries with negative   more likely. Currently, only fishing uses  . The new weight of each entry is.
 * Negative levels increase luck.

Blindness
Impairs vision.


 * Effect
 * Impairs vision as if a thick black fog were surrounding the player. Also prevents sprinting and critical hits.


 * Notes
 * The Sun and Moon can be seen as normal. Also, liquids do not fade into the fog perfectly. If combined with Night Vision, the screen will be covered by fog. The radius of the fog around the player is 4.5 blocks.

Fire Resistance
Grants immunity to fire, lava, the direct impact of blaze fireballs and standing on magma blocks.


 * Effect
 * No further effects.


 * Notes
 * Most Nether mobs (excluding chickens and skeletons) are naturally resistant to fire and lava without requiring the Fire Resistance status effect. However, Nether mobs can still be damaged by the direct impact from a blaze fireball, while Fire Resistance grants immunity to that.

Glowing
Outlines entities.


 * Effect
 * Causes entities to glow with an outline that can be seen through opaque blocks.



Haste
Increases mining and attack speed.


 * Effect
 * Increases mining speed by 20% × level and attack speed by 10% × level.
 * Negative levels cause blocks to be mined slower and the player's arm to move more slowly, and decrease attack speed.


 * Notes
 * At levels 3 or higher, the player's arm will not move while mining.
 * Alternative methods of increasing mining speed include: the efficiency enchantment.

Health Boost
Increases maximum health.


 * Effect
 * Increases maximum health by × level. Added hearts will initially appear as damaged until healed.
 * Negative levels reduce base health, however the entity's actual health is not decreased to the new maximum until damaged or healed.


 * Notes
 * Actual health may be above the base value after the effect ends and will not be capped, unless the entity is healed. Extra hearts of a mounted mob can be seen while riding it.

Hunger
Increases hunger.


 * Effect
 * Increases food exhaustion by 0.005 × level per game tick (removes per 80/level seconds if target has no saturation).
 * Turns the hunger bar yellow-green.
 * Negative levels will decrease food exhaustion. This does not increase saturation or the hunger bar.

Instant Damage
Damages entities, heals undead.


 * Effect
 * Instantly inflicts damage of × 2level.
 * Undead mobs (including the wither) are healed as if with Instant Health instead. Death is reported as " was killed by magic". If the effect is forced to last longer than 1 tick, it will damage entities every tick. Levels 30–32 provide no damage. Amplifiers outside the range 0–31 (corresponding to levels 1–32) are used modulo 32.

Instant Health
Heals entities, damages undead.


 * Effect
 * Instantly heals × 2level.
 * Undead mobs (including the wither) are damaged as if with Instant Damage instead. If the effect is forced to last longer than one tick, it will heal entities every tick. Levels 30–32 provide no healing. Amplifiers outside the range 0–31 (corresponding to levels 1–32) are used modulo 32.

Invisibility
Grants invisibility.


 * Effect
 * Causes the entity to disappear.
 * Certain mobs will not disappear:
 * The ender dragon
 * The wither
 * Certain features of entities do not disappear:
 * {| class="wikitable" data-description="invisible effects"

! Feature !! Java Edition !! Bedrock Edition
 * Armor, held items, stuck arrows, any particles emitted, a shulker's yellow head, or the aura of a charged creeper || ||
 * The eyes of endermen and spiders, a llama's carpet decoration, or a pig's saddle || ||  – 
 * Horse saddles and horse armor || ||
 * }
 * Notes
 * Mobs will not attack/sense the player until the player is much closer than normal. A player with no armor will be detected at 7% of the usual detection distance. Any one piece of armor increases this to 17.5% of the usual distance, and each additional piece increases this by another 17.5 percentage points. After detecting the player, a mob will continue to follow as it does when the player is not invisible.
 * Additional methods of reducing detection by mobs include:
 * Sneaking reduces the detection range to 80% of usual, and stacks with Invisibility.
 * Wearing the corresponding mob head reduces the detection range of skeletons, zombies, and creepers to half of usual, and stacks with Invisibility.
 * Players in Spectator mode see invisible entities as translucent instead.
 * Sneaking reduces the detection range to 80% of usual, and stacks with Invisibility.
 * Wearing the corresponding mob head reduces the detection range of skeletons, zombies, and creepers to half of usual, and stacks with Invisibility.
 * Players in Spectator mode see invisible entities as translucent instead.

Jump Boost
Increases jump height and reduces fall damage.


 * Effect
 * Increases jump height. Reduces fall damage by each level.
 * The player can normally jump up a distance of $1 1/4$ blocks. With Jump Boost I, that increases to $1 15/16$ blocks, and with Jump Boost II, that increases to $2 1/2$ blocks.
 * Negative levels decrease jump height and increase fall damage (which also causes the player to start taking damage from short falls that would normally do no damage); extreme negative levels will eliminate all jumping ability and will cause damage even when stepping off a slab.


 * Notes
 * When at max level, jumping will not be changed but a player will never take fall damage.
 * At level 16, the increased height exceeds the damage reduction, causing fall damage on landing.

Levitation
Floats entities.


 * Effect
 * Causes the affected entity to float upwards at a rate of 0.9×level blocks per second.
 * Does not affect swimming or flying. Negative levels cause the entity to float downwards, overriding the usual falling due to gravity; level 0 (amplifier 255) makes falling, jumping and ascending stairs impossible. Fall damage is not affected.


 * Notes
 * Additional methods of moving upwards include: flying with elytra, and jumping on a slime block.

Luck
Increases chances of high-quality loot.


 * Effect
 * Adds 1 × level to attribute, making loot table entries with a high   score more likely, and entries with negative   less likely. Currently, only fishing uses  . The new weight of each entry is.
 * Negative levels decrease luck.


 * Notes
 * Using a fishing rod enchanted with Luck of the Sea increases the chances of high-quality loot but doesn't actually grant the Luck status effect.

Mining Fatigue
Reduces mining and attack speed.


 * Effect
 * The effects on mining speed are shown in the table below:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"

! Level !! Speed !! Breaking time × |- | 1 || 30% || $3 1/3$ |- | 2 || 9% || $11 1/9$  |- | 3 || 0.27% || $370 1/27$  |- | 4+ || 0.081% || $1234 46/81$  |}
 * Attack speed decreases by 10% × level.
 * Negative levels increase attack speed, but still act as level 4 with respect to mining.


 * Notes
 * The effect does not affect block breaking in Creative mode, or blocks that are broken instantly.
 * Other conditions which reduce mining speed include: sneaking; being underwater; riding a horse, pig, or minecart.

Nausea
Wobbles and warps the view.


 * Effect
 * Besides the effect on vision, there are no other effects. The effect on vision builds up over the first two seconds of the effect, and then declines over the last two seconds.


 * Notes
 * After a zombie villager is cured, the villager gets Nausea for 10 seconds.
 * Standing in a nether portal affects vision similarly but doesn't actually grant the status effect.

Night Vision
Improves vision in darkness.


 * Effect
 * Allows player to see as if light levels were 15 everywhere. Also, increases ability to see underwater.


 * Notes
 * Screen flashes for 10 seconds before the effect wears off. If used in the End everything will appear pink. If combined with Blindness, the screen will be covered by fog. If used in the Void, the player will see nothing other than black. If submerged in lava the screen will appear bright orange.

Poison
Inflicts damage over time (but cannot kill).


 * Effect
 * The amount of damage inflicted to the affected entity is shown in the table below:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! Level !! Ticks per !! per second |- | 1 || 25 || 0.4 |- | 2 || 12 || 0.8 |- | 3 || 6* || 1.66* |- | 4 || 3* || 3.33* |- | 5+ || 1* || 10* |}
 * * Due to damage immunity, the effective rate is 12 ticks ( × 0.8 per second) at levels 3 and 4 and 10 ticks ( × 1 per second) at level 5.
 * The player's hearts turn yellow-green.
 * Damage is suppressed while the player or mob is already at health, but can resume if healing occurs before the effect expires. Amplifiers outside the range 0–31 (corresponding to levels 1–32) are used modulo 32.
 * Undead mobs and spiders are unaffected.

Regeneration
Heals over time.


 * Effect
 * The amount of health healed over time is shown in the table below:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"

! Level !! Ticks per !! per second |- | 1 || 50 || 0.2 |- | 2 || 25 || 0.4 |- | 3 || 12 || 0.8 |- | 4 || 6 || 1.66 |- | 5 || 3 || 3.33 |- | 6+ || 1 || 10
 * }
 * Undead mobs are unaffected. Amplifiers outside the range 0–31 (corresponding to levels 1–32) are used modulo 32.


 * Notes
 * When a villager opens a new tier of trade, it gets Regeneration I for 10 seconds.

Resistance
Reduces most damage.


 * Effect
 * Reduces all incoming damage, except void damage and, by 20% × level.
 * Negative levels increase damage taken.


 * Notes
 * Level 5+ gives the player full immunity to all damage, with the exception of the void and the command.

Saturation
Replenishes hunger.


 * Effect
 * Instantly replenishes × level and 2 × level points of saturation. If the effect is forced to last longer than one tick, it will increase hunger and saturation each tick.
 * Negative levels decrease hunger and saturation.


 * Notes
 * All foods replenish food saturation, but they don't actually add the Saturation status effect.

Slowness
Decreases walking speed.


 * Effect
 * Decreases walking speed by 15% × level. Contracts FOV accordingly.
 * Negative levels increase speed.


 * Notes
 * Spiders, cave spiders, silverfish, and endermites get the effect when attacked with a weapon enchanted with Bane of Arthropods.
 * At levels 7–127, the player will be unable to move unless they jump while moving or throw an ender pearl.
 * Alternative methods of reducing travel speed include: walking on soul sand or slime blocks, or through cobwebs; swimming; riding a boat on land; sneaking; eating; drinking milk or a potion (travel speed is reduced while drinking any potion, regardless of the effects of the potion after drinking is finished); aiming a bow; blocking with a shield

Speed
Increases walking speed.


 * Effect
 * Increases walking speed by 20% × level. Expands field of view (FOV) accordingly.
 * Negative levels decrease speed.


 * Notes
 * At high levels, the player may walk faster than chunks can load.
 * Alternative methods of increasing travel speed include: sprinting; throwing ender pearls; riding a horse, pig, or minecart; walking on ice or packed ice; and riding a boat on ice or packed ice.

Strength
Increases melee damage.


 * Effect
 * Increases melee damage by × level.
 * Negative levels decrease melee damage, with attacks being ignored entirely if damage would be 0 or lower.


 * Notes
 * While a zombie villager is being cured, it will have the Strength I effect in Normal difficulty or Strength II in Hard difficulty.
 * Alternative methods of increasing melee damage include: critical hits.

Water Breathing
Prevents drowning.


 * Effect
 * Prevents the oxygen bar from decreasing completely. Also slightly increases visibility while underwater.


 * Notes
 * Alternative methods of slowing or preventing drowning include: the Respiration enchantment.

Weakness
Reduces melee damage.


 * Effect
 * Melee damage inflicted by the affected entity is reduced by × level.
 * Negative levels increase melee damage dealt.


 * Notes
 * Zombie villagers can be cured of zombification using a golden apple if they have the weakness status effect on them.

Wither
Inflicts damage over time (and can kill).


 * Effect
 * The amount of damage inflicted to the affected entity is shown in the table below:
 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! Level !! Ticks per !! per second |- | 1 || 40 || 0.25 |- | 2 || 20 || 0.5 |- | 3 || 10 || 1 |- | 4 || 5* || 2* |- | 5 || 2* || 4* |- | 6+ || 1* || 10* |}
 * * Due to damage immunity, the effective rate is 10 ticks ( × 1 per second) at levels 4 and up.
 * The player's hearts turn black, making it harder but still possible for the player to see their Health.
 * Amplifiers outside the range 0–31 (corresponding to levels 1–32) are used modulo 32.


 * Notes
 * Death is reported as " withered away".

Trivia

 * After drinking a bucket of milk while under the Nausea effect, the screen will flash purple for a tick as if you were standing in a Nether Portal. This is because the game uses the same effect for Nausea as it does for the nether portal.
 * If you put Blindness and Night Vision together, the screen will turn black and only the sun and moon will be visible (except rain and thunderstorm).
 * The maximum health the player can achieve using Health Boost and Absorption is 2068 (1034 hearts).
 * If you get max health using the method above, and put regeneration level of 255, while healing to 1034 hearts, your view will jolt, even in Creative mode, as if you are taking damage.
 * If you have at least Resistance 5, then you are practically invincible. (Apart from the /kill command and the void)
 * Endermen inflicted with Invisibility can still be seen due to the fact that the eyes still glow and a slight outline can be seen from a distance. Similarly, spider eyes will glow.
 * The Wither effect is the only negative effect that can negatively affect both living and undead mobs.
 * If you have Regeneration 7 or higher, the void cannot kill you.
 * The Jump Boost status effect does not make slimes, magma cubes or guardians jump higher.
 * Speed allows slimes to jump farther. High levels of speed can take slimes out of view with just one jump.
 * The Levitation status effect will normally rise you into the air. However, if you go into water, you will just flow along with the water, while not floating.
 * When having multiple status effects, their timer's seconds will always decrement by 1 each simultaneously regardless when the player takes another potion. This is because they use the same "seconds counter" that "ticks" every 20 game ticks to save memory. For example, if the player takes one potion and another potion (different so that they don't reset the timer) 5.5 (or any non-integer amounts) seconds later, their timers will subtract 1 second from both of them simultaneously.
 * You can walk/run while having the Levitation effect, especially on level 254.
 * Although the Wither effect is given to the player by being hit by wither skeletons or the wither boss, the icon shows a normal skeleton head instead of a wither skeleton head.
 * Using /effect minecraft:levitation (Time In Second) 255 will make you fly in Survival and not jump, when the effect is over in Survival when in midair, hitting the ground will cause you to shoot into the air, then the player will most likely die.