Minecraft Launcher

The Minecraft Launcher is the game downloader and launcher for Minecraft: Java Edition and one of the game downloaders and launchers for Minecraft for Windows (Bedrock Edition) and. It is available for, and , but Minecraft for Windows can be played only on Windows 10/11, and Minecraft Dungeons only on Windows 7+.

Features
On the initial login screen, users must log in with a pre-existing Microsoft account, otherwise they can create a new one by clicking the link. Subsequent logins can be done in the "Settings" tab. If a user attempts to log in with a Mojang Studios or legacy Minecraft account, they will be directed to migrate to a Microsoft account.

On the left side, a "News" tab, a tab for each game, and the Minecraft Launcher "Settings" tab can be seen.

The top left corner of the Minecraft Launcher contains the user's Xbox gamertag for the currently active account (which might differ from their Minecraft: Java Edition username). By clicking on it, users can manage or log out of their active account, and see a "Help" page with various links to helpful resources.

Minecraft: Java Edition
The main "Play" section allows the user to download (if needed) and launch Minecraft: Java Edition with the "Play" button, and also includes an installation selection on the left (which sorts installations by last played), the user's Java Edition username on the right, and a list of the latest news for the game from minecraft.net below.


 * One can launch multiple instances of the game by pressing the "Play" button whilst the game is running.
 * If the device is not connected to the internet, the game can be run in offline mode, but only if the game has been initially downloaded.
 * If the user isn't logged into an account that has purchased the game, the "Play" button appears as a "Play demo" button that downloads and launches the demo version of the game.

There is also a "Patch notes" section where the patch notes of the game's update can be seen, including the snapshots (if enabled).

Installations
In the "Installations" section, custom installations can be created and edited. There are buttons to sort and search installations, as well as checkboxes to enable installations with "Releases", "Snapshot", and "Modded" versions of the game. Installations are stored in launcher_profiles.json (or launcher_profiles_microsoft_store.json when using the new Minecraft Launcher for Windows) in the game's directory (.minecraft).

By default, there are installations for the "Latest release" and for "Latest snapshot" (if enabled), both of which the game versions cannot be changed. A new installation can be created by clicking the "New installation" button and an existing installation can be edited by clicking on it. There is a "Play" button that launches the selected installation and a folder icon that takes to the installation's game directory. The ellipses button contains the options to edit, duplicate, or delete an installation.

On the create/edit installation page, the following can be changed:
 * Icon, by selecting one of the default ones or adding a custom one. Custom icons must be a .png and 128×128 pixels in size.
 * Name, by default called " ".
 * Version, which includes access to older releases and snapshots (if enabled).
 * Game directory, the location of where the game files are saved, the default being .minecraft. The location can be typed in or selected using the "Browse" button.
 * Resolution, which changes the game's windows size. It has a list of resolutions, or a custom one can be typed in.
 * Java executable, by default uses the bundled java runtime.
 * JVM arguments, such as heap size.

Before, it was possible for the users to manually set a logging configuration (see Debugging on wiki.vg for more info), however this doesn't seem to work anymore.

A specific game version's server jar can also be downloaded by selecting the version in the list and pressing the "Server" button next to it.

Backward compatibility


The Minecraft Launcher has the ability to play most older releases of the game (and older snapshots, if enabled) by default, but also some older versions prior to Release 1.0. In order to see these versions in the installations section, the player must enable "Show historical versions of Java Edition" in the Minecraft Launcher settings tab. Because these versions are outdated and unsupported, they may contain bugs and errors that are not present in newer versions. It is recommended to run old versions of the game in a separate directory and backup worlds to avoid save corruption or other problems.

Once historical versions are enabled, the following can be accessed:
 * Most beta versions.
 * Most alpha versions.
 * One infdev version.
 * Four classic versions.
 * Five pre-classic versions.

Some issues with these older versions include:
 * Some sounds are wrong; bows, doors, and explosions use their sounds from RC1, even in versions released prior to it. In versions before Alpha 1.1.2_01, sounds do not work at all.
 * Skins are missing in versions prior to 1.7, as earlier versions used a different skin server, which has since been shut down. Capes may still work, however.
 * In Alpha 1.0.15 and from Alpha 1.2.0 to Alpha 1.2.6, the Minecraft Launcher does not set the player's name properly, resulting in everyone using default names: "Player" followed by a random 3-digit number. This makes multiplayer difficult to play, as a player's location and inventory is reset every time they relaunch their client.
 * In Alpha 1.2.5 and Alpha 1.2.6 specifically, players are always named "Player524". Playing multiplayer in these versions is impossible, as joining a server kicks off other players with the same name.


 * As a side effect of the above, and as a result of old authentication servers being shut down, online mode no longer works in versions before Beta 1.8.

Skins
In the "Skins" section, the user can view and change their in-game skin. By default, the skin is either Steve or Alex.

In the skins library, skin can be applied by clicking "Use". The skin can also be edited, duplicate, or delete by clicking the ellipsis button. By default, the library contains the default Steve and Alex skins, which can be duplicated or applied, but not removed.

Visiting this section without purchasing the game displays a button that redirects to the Minecraft: Java Edition store page.

Minecraft for Windows
The main "Play" section allows the user to download (if needed) and launch Minecraft for Windows (Bedrock Edition) with the "Play" button, and also includes the user's Xbox Gamertag on the right, and a list of the latest news for the game from minecraft.net below.


 * If the device is not connected to the internet, the game can be run in offline mode, but only if the game has been initially downloaded.
 * If the user is on an unsupported device, a warning appears with a link to a website with supported devices.
 * If the user isn't logged into an account that has purchased the game, the "Play" button appears as a "Play demo" button that links the player to Microsoft Store to download and launch the demo version of the game.

There is an "FAQ" section with frequently asked questions and answers about the Minecraft Launcher and Minecraft for Windows (Bedrock Edition), an "Installation" section to repair or uninstall the game, and a "Patch notes" section where the patch notes of the game's updates can be seen (not including beta versions).

Minecraft Dungeons
There are 5 tabs on the page: Play, DLC, FAQ, Installation, and Patch notes. (Only Play, DLC, and Patch notes are shown on an unsupported platform.)

Play
The main "Play" section allows the user to download (if needed) and launch the latest version of Minecraft Dungeons with the "Play" button, and also includes images from the game and a list of the latest news articles from minecraft.net below. This section also contains a notice that the game can be purchased separately from for. If the player is not playing on the supported platform, a small message on the bottom is shown that displays:

DLC
There is a search bar and a filter option to narrow down the results when searching the DLCs. The bundle or/and the DLCs can be shown by checking the box.

Each DLC is shown in a card-like structure with the DLC info on the left and a cover image on the right. There is also a slideshow on the bottom of the card.

FAQ
The FAQ section is shown when pressing the FAQ tab. There is a list of troubleshooting sections and a link to the Minecraft Dungeons FAQ on the Minecraft Help Center.

Installation
Visiting this section without the game purchased displays a button that redirects to the Minecraft Dungeons buy page. If bought, it shows an uninstall button and a repair button.

Patch Notes
This section shows cards of the patch notes. Each card contains an image on top and the text below stating the name of the patch notes. When clicked, this displays the patch notes.

Settings
In the main "General" section, users can:
 * Change the Minecraft Launcher language. There are 66 languages available, including 2 joke languages (as of February 2021).
 * Use the beta version of the Minecraft Launcher, which requires restarting the launcher to start downloading if there is one available.
 * Keep the Minecraft Launcher open while games are running.
 * Enable animations in the Minecraft Launcher, which are disabled by default to avoid potential motion sickness for some users.
 * Disable hardware acceleration.

Options exclusively for Minecraft: Java Edition:
 * Open the output log when the game starts.
 * Option to automatically send the game's crash reports to Mojang Studios.
 * Show historical versions of the game (versions prior to Release 1.0) in the version selector in the Installations section.

In the "Accounts" section, users can add, switch, manage, or remove their Microsoft accounts.

The "About" section contains details about the Minecraft Launcher including its version, credits, and third-party licenses, as well as a list of patch notes by clicking the "What's New?" button.

Command line usage
The Minecraft Launcher can be invoked using the command line by typing  in Windows or   in either Mac or Linux. As of version 2.2.25xx, the Minecraft Launcher has these command-line options available for Minecraft: Java Edition:
 * - This launches the demo version of the game, much like if the game hasn't been purchased yet.
 * - This option displays a help message on how to run it in the command line.
 * – This option deletes the " game " and " runtime " folders, including their contents, from the working directory.
 * - This option presents the login screen.
 * – This option, followed by a path (relative or absolute), changes the location (and/or name) of the .minecraft folder.
 * Can be used to create a portable installation of the game. For example,  (or  ) can be used to make the Minecraft Launcher use the current directory (no matter what the current folder is called).
 * – This option, followed by a path (relative or absolute), changes the location (and/or name) of the tmp folder.
 * - This option, followed by a path, restricts the installation directory to a specified folder.
 * – This option adds support for Windows 10. Since the Minecraft Launcher now supports Windows 10 fully, this option is unnecessary and seems to have no effect.
 * - This option changes where the host of the proxy is.
 * - This option changes the default port from  to a custom one.
 * - This disables GPU acceleration in the Minecraft Launcher, which might fix issues when playing minecraft.
 * - This opens up a new window showing debug information, like "Graphic Feature Stats", which shows if Hardware acceleration is enabled on certain features, and an option to copy the content to the clipboard. These might be useful for troubleshooting purposes.
 * - This opens up a new window showing debug information, like "Graphic Feature Stats", which shows if Hardware acceleration is enabled on certain features, and an option to copy the content to the clipboard. These might be useful for troubleshooting purposes.

Uninstalling the old Minecraft Unified Launcher
Source: "Uninstalling the Old Minecraft Unified Launcher" – Minecraft Help Center.

This applies only to players using Windows 10 or newer. Older versions of Windows are not able to use the new Minecraft Launcher for Windows. With the addition of a new launcher, you can uninstall the old launcher to remove any confusion between the two. For clarity, the new launcher is referred to as the "Minecraft Launcher for Windows" and the old launcher as the "Minecraft Unified Launcher".

How to uninstall the Minecraft Unified Launcher (old launcher):


 * 1) Click the start menu in Windows (windows icon in the bottom left).
 * 2) Type in "Add or remove programs" and click the top entry.
 * 3) Search for "Minecraft Launcher". The launcher to uninstall displays Mojang underneath the title "Minecraft Launcher".
 * 4) Click the three dots shown to the left of the "Minecraft Launcher" title and select "Uninstall".

Now only one launcher should be installed. Run the Minecraft Launcher for Windows to ensure it still works; if it doesn't, reinstall using Microsoft Store or Xbox app.

Launcher or game mods may need to be migrated or re-installed to the new Minecraft Launcher for Windows installation location before uninstalling the old launcher. Check with the mod developer for more detail.

Trivia

 * In version 2.2.2529 release notes there's text that reads: T⍑ᒷ ᔑ ̇/𝙹ꖎ𝙹ℸ ̣ ꖎᓭ ᔑ∷ᒷ リ𝙹ℸ ̣ ∴⍑ᔑℸ ̣ ℸ ̣ ⍑ᒷ|| ᓭᒷᒷᒲ - which translates to "THE AXOLOTS ARE NOT WHAT THEY SEEM".
 * Both Alpha and Classic versions of Minecraft: Java Edition are listed as "old_alpha", despite them not being the same.
 * The Minecraft Launcher doesn't store passwords locally. Instead, it uses a 'refresh token'.
 * The current Minecraft Launcher is the eighth launcher for Minecraft: Java Edition, and the third that was built to automatically update itself.
 * Game crashes are reported to Mojang Studios through Hopper.
 * The legacy Minecraft Launcher can be downloaded (version 1.6.93, ~4.6MB as opposed to the modern launcher's ~85MB). However, the legacy Minecraft Launcher is incompatible with Microsoft accounts and was discontinued in Q2 2021 due to account migration.
 * In version 2.3.240, the pig on the Minecraft Launcher screen was given a crown in light of popular Minecraft YouTuber Technoblade passing away due to cancer.