Drowned

Drowned are common underwater zombie variants that spawn in bodies of water or when a zombie drowns. They are also the only source of tridents.

Naturally
Drowned spawn naturally at light level of 7 or less in ocean biomes (all variants including deep warm ocean), and river biomes, in groups of 1/2—4. They spawn inside any water block that are 2 blocks or taller. In ocean biomes, drowned spawn at Y < 58, or at least 6 blocks below sea level; this restriction does not apply to rivers. Drowned also spawn at higher rates in rivers than in other biomes.

They have a greater chance of appearing in ruins and cities.

Drowned have a chance to spawn with either a trident or a fishing rod, and occasionally with a nautilus shell. They also have a small chance of spawning while riding a chicken, even after drowning as a zombie, creating a drowned chicken jockey. This is the only zombie counterpart within the game that cannot spawn naturally with any armor.

Ocean ruins
Drowned spawn during the generation of certain ocean ruin structures. These drowned do not naturally despawn unless the world is set to Peaceful difficulty.

Conversion
If a zombie is not in a boat, and its head is submerged in water continuously for 45 seconds, it begins the process of converting to a drowned. Once this happens, it starts shaking, similar to the effect seen while a zombie villager is being cured. At this point, the process cannot be stopped, and 15 seconds later the zombie becomes drowned. The drowned appears with full health even if the previous zombie did not.

If a zombie is holding or wearing an item when it becomes drowned, it drops the item it is holding or wearing, 100% of the time if it had picked the item up, or the normal 8.5% +1% per looting level if it spawned with the item naturally. $$, if a zombie has turned into a drowned, it does not drop a trident. $$, a zombie turned drowned can still drop a trident.

Zombie villagers do not transform, and husks do not transform instantly; instead, they first transform into a regular zombie, and subsequently convert to a drowned in the usual fashion.

Drops
Drowned drop when they die:
 * and an additional per naturally-spawned equipment.  ( during its time as a baby) if killed by the player or a tamed wolf.
 * 0–2 (additional 1 maximum drop for every Looting level, up to 0–5 rotten flesh for Looting III).
 * 0–1 if killed by the player.
 * Java Edition: 5% (increased by 1% per Looting level)
 * Bedrock Edition: 11% (increased by 2% per Looting level)
 * 0–1 if killed by the player.
 * Java Edition: 8.5% chance (up to 11.5% chance with Looting III), only for drowned that spawn with a trident. This means that the player has a 0.53% chance to receive a trident without Looting, and a 0.71% chance to receive a trident with Looting III. The trident has random durability.
 * Bedrock Edition: 8.5% chance (up to 11.5% chance with Looting III), only for drowned that spawn with a trident. This means that the player has a 1.27% chance to receive a trident without Looting, and a 1.72% chance to receive a trident with Looting III. The trident has random durability.
 * 1 if held in the off-hand.
 * Any picked-up equipment has 100% chance of dropping, and drops with the same damage level it had when picked up.
 * Drowned always drop equipment in their off-hand.

Naturally-spawned equipment
For naturally-spawned drowned only: $$, converted drowned are never equipped with tridents or nautilus shells.
 * Java Edition
 * 6.25% of drowned spawn with a.
 * 3.75% of drowned spawn with a.
 * 3% of drowned spawn with a in their offhand.

$$, the chance of a naturally-spawned drowned to drop a trident is 0.53125% (without Looting) as only 1 of 16 drowned spawn with tridents and from this 6.25%, only 8.5% drop the trident.

For naturally-spawned drowned only:
 * Bedrock Edition
 * 15% of drowned spawn with a.
 * 0.85% of drowned spawn with a.

Both naturally-spawned and converted drowned have an 8% chance of spawning spawn with a in their offhand.

For converted drowned only:
 * 1% of drowned spawn with a.

The trident and fishing rod are mutually exclusive. A drowned can spawn with either a trident or fishing rod in the main hand and a nautilus shell in the offhand. A drowned has a chance to drop a trident only if initially equipped with one.

The chance of a naturally-spawned drowned to drop a trident is 1.275% (without Looting) as only 3 of 20 drowned spawn with tridents and from this 15%, only 8.5% drop the trident.

Farming
Farms that convert Zombies into Drowned produce Rotten Flesh, Gold Ingots, Fishing Rods and Nautilus Shells [ BE only]. A Drowned farm must be designed to harvest naturally-spawned drowned to produce tridents and Nautilus Shells.

Behavior
Drowned have a melee attack, and if they spawn with a trident, they use it as a ranged weapon. A trident is thrown every 1.5 seconds at up to 20 blocks away and is never enchanted. $$, drowned with tridents use a melee attack if the target is 3 blocks away or less. They stomp on turtle eggs, attack baby turtles, and like zombies, they chase and attack villagers, wandering traders, snow golems and iron golems within 16 blocks. If on land, drowned seek out nearby water. They sometimes step onto land but quickly return to the water.

If a drowned is in any way removed by force from the water, and all nearby water sources have been blocked from it, it becomes passive in the daytime. However, it heads to the nearest water source when provided access once again and becomes hostile upon making contact.

During the day, drowned swim only to attack players that are swimming in the water with them; otherwise, they stay on the floor of the water body they are in, ignoring players on land or in a boat. However, at night, drowned swim to the surface and chase players as well as baby turtles, even outside the water, like regular zombies. The speed of their swimming is equal to that of the player.

If a drowned kills a villager with a thrown trident, the villager has a chance of turning into a zombie villager.

Drowned $$ use a swimming animation similar to the player. They use this animation whenever they try to pathfind to a player that is either below or above them; if the player is on the same ground level, the drowned simply walk toward them. Drowned also uses this animation if they are tracking a player while they are not standing on a solid block. Their hitbox does not change when doing this animation. Also, if they hold a nautilus shell or anything else in their offhand, their arms are in the same posture as a player's. When attacking, it uses the player's attacking animation. Still, it uses the same swimming animation when tracking a player underwater.

Unlike zombies, drowned do not break down doors in hard mode.

They are immune to guardians or elder guardians attacks. They also have a small chance to be immune to knockback when damaged.

Data values
Drowned have entity data associated with them that contain various properties of the mob.

Trivia

 * Drowned are not considered as aquatic mobs, instead, they are considered as 'undead'. So, they are not affected by impaling enchantment.
 * A drowned chicken jockey floats to the surface because the chicken it is riding floats, causing the drowned riding it to burn in sunlight during the day, resulting in a chicken in the middle of the ocean or river where the drowned jockey spawned in.
 * $$, drowned have a 3D outer layer. This causes their heads and arms to look larger than $$.
 * Like spiders and endermen, drowned have eyes that appear to emit a light blue glow, although they do not produce light.
 * When putting armor on a drowned using a dispenser, the helmet does not appear but still protects from sunlight.