Breeding



Breeding is a game mechanic that allows fed animals of the same species to breed with each other to make new animals. Animals (except Wolves and Cats) will follow a player holding Wheat if the player looks at the mob, and will continue following the player until it is out of range, fed wheat, or until the player stops holding wheat. They may only breed once per wheat given, as long as they are not following their offspring.

Current Mechanics
As of 12w04a, Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows and Mooshrooms enter "love mode" if fed one wheat. Wolves enter love mode when they are fed any type of meat. Cats enter love mode when they are fed raw fish. Animals in "love mode" emit hearts constantly and will path towards nearby animals of the same species that are also in love mode. The two animals will "kiss" for about two and a half seconds, and then baby animal of the same species spawns either in between the parents or on the same blocks as one of the parents, which ends love mode for the parents. They will not be able to enter love mode again for five minutes. However, they can be herded with the appropriate material, regardless of age. After the baby animal has spawned, it will follow it's parents for a certain amount of time before growing to full size.

Currently, all animals except wolves and cats require wheat to breed. Cats require raw fish and wolves need meat. One wheat per parent is needed to breed a single baby. When sheep are born, they will be the color of one of their parents (See:Wool Dyes). Sheared sheep will continue to produce babies of their original color.

Animals are uninterested in wheat lying on the ground. Using wheat to breed animals that give food (cows, mooshrooms, pigs, chickens) is a way of getting more efficient food than bread.

As of 12w07a, villagers can be bred depending on the available houses, or at least wooden doors. When bred, they will produce a smaller villager but unlike other baby animals (excluding kittens,) they don't have big heads. Baby villagers will run around the village and will "play" tag. This is also when baby animals started following their parents (although their parents followed them long before then.)

Ranching
Animals in an open setting may be difficult to breed. It may be easier to construct fences for animals to stay. Even a medium size pasture can result in animals neglecting to notice one another in love mode. Animals will spawn in the same square as their parent. It should be noted, however, that if they are in the same square as a fence, glass pane, or other item that takes up only part of a square, offspring may spawn in or on the other side of the block.

Pigs, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms can all provide food when killed - this food will be cooked if they are killed with fire. Cows additionally drop leather, and Chickens drop feathers. Sheep drop one wool when killed, but it is more productive to shear them as they drop 1-3 wool. One dye can be used to color their wool before shearing or breeding, which is more efficient than dying the single wool after killing. Dyed sheep produce offspring of their current color. Chicken Eggs can be harvested from Chicken farms, and can be used in addition to chicken breeding to speed population growth, as they have a 1/8th chance of producing a baby chicken when thrown. Cows can be milked with a bucket, and Mooshrooms can be 'milked' for Mushroom Stew using a bowl. Mooshrooms can also be sheared for 3-5 Red Mushrooms, although this will turn them into normal Cows.

Automated Animal Farms and Mass Breeding


Small scale automated breeding systems can be built by herding passive mobs into moving minecarts and summoning them to a central breeding location - this has the disadvantage of still breeding new mobs relatively slowly (one every five minutes.) Also, when saving and loading the game the mobs will "escape" from the minecarts - this can be dealt with by "storing" them inside of glass blocks. An example can be seen at DocMs Automated Breeding Machine with an update for V1.1 here Docm77´s Minecraft Tutorial: Breeding Update 1.1

Mass animal breeding farms can be built by "Compressing" mobs into a very small number of squares using a mob compression system. Mobs are "Squeezed" into a small area (Generally a three high 3x1 chamber) - these animals can be used to produce new animals that will remain trapped inside the enclosure and can be bred themselves - meaning that many many mobs will eventually be stored in the same square and can be fed simply by "Spamming" stacks of wheat into the enclosure. If starting with two mobs and feeding them for an hour while using this system (assuming no missed feedings or killed mobs) 56 adults and 28 baby mobs will be held inside the 3x1 cell. After two hours this would increase to 2349 adults and 1174 offspring.

Chickens can be fed through a half slab in the side of the enclosure or from above through a hole in the top center, other mobs can also be fed through a 1 wide hole in the side of the enclosure without any risk that they will escape. Feeding the mobs once while harvesting, and once between harvests, is enough to keep mobs at roughly their current level - allowing the user to "dial in" the amount of mob drops gathered per harvest.

For a tutorial on building the farm, and automatic harvesting, watch Cake's Mob Compressor System or for a faster alternative for waiting for sheep to regrow wool check out Sheep Compressor Tutorial - Instant Wheat to Wool

Baby Animals
Baby animals are smaller variations of their parents, having small bodies, relatively big heads, higher pitched sounds, and faster walking speeds. They do not drop resources or experience, primarily to balance the breeding. While baby cows can be milked, only adult animals will drop food resources. Baby animals grow into full sized animals after twenty minutes, which is one day in Minecraft (Except sheep - they can grow faster if they eat grass).

The parents will follow a baby as it wanders. However, they might not follow their own offspring. If two pairs of animals breed too close, there is a chance that both pairs will follow the same baby. The parents will not stop following the baby after it is fully grown. In solo you can leave and enter the world again to have parents stop following any baby whether full grown or not, but they will not be able to reproduce until 5 minutes have passed. You can also hit the parent to get it to stop following the baby but be careful not to kill it.

History
Breeding is a game mechanic first introduced in Beta 1.9 Pre-release 2.

During the early developments of Breeding, Notch tweeted : "You know what would be fun? If every single animal in minecraft came from eggs. Breeding would involve moving egg blocks around."

On the 9th of September 2011, xDerik tweeted "Can you confirm or deny animal breeding in 1.8?" to which Jeb replied "It's pushed to 1.9."

In Beta 1.9 Pre-Release 3, Notch added baby animals, the offspring of Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms; since Beta 1.9 Pre-release 3, the following mobs: Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows, Snow Golems and Mooshrooms enter "love mode" when fed with wheat. When breeding was introduced in the Beta 1.9 Pre-release 2, all Sheep were born with white wool, irrespective of their parentage, but when Beta 1.9 Pre-release 6 came out, baby sheep can be either of their parents' colours, even if they were dyed. Animals are uninterested in wheat lying on the ground.

Before 1.0, if a Snow Golem was bred, it would start attacking other Snow Golems.

During Beta 1.9 no baby animals spawned and adult animals did. They could also breed instantly after "giving birth". This resulted in "spam breeding" allowing for over one hundred animals in a cage only big enough for two.

In Snapshot 12w03a, Wolves can be bred with any type of meat.

In Snapshot 12w04a, Cats (tamed Ocelots) can be bred with raw fish.

In Snapshot 12w04a, kittens are the only baby animal that has a head the right size for the body.

In Snapshot 12w08a, villager children and kittens are the only baby mobs that have a head the right size for the body.

Bugs

 * In 1.0.0, while the parents of an animal are supposed to follow the baby, there is a bug where the parents still follow the animal long after it has aged into adult form making further breeding exceptionally hard since animals won't breed while following another animal.
 * Animals in love mode need to be able to see each other to breed, but they don't have to be close to each other: for example, sheep in two different pens separated by multiple fences can breed if they are both in love mode and have seen each other.
 * In pre-release 1.9 pre 4 there was a threesome glitch that occurs less often in 1.0.0
 * In snapshot 12w05b if you feed two cats fish but keep on holding fish they will alternate between 'kissing' and looking at you and will not breed.

Trivia

 * Mooshrooms and Cows can breed with each other, producing either a Cow or a Mooshroom. Whether this is an oversight or intended is unknown.
 * The player can ride baby Pigs like adult pigs using the Saddle.
 * The saddle is not removed when the baby grows into a Pig.
 * Before the full release, Snow Golems also had the ability to enter "love mode" when fed wheat. If two Snow Golems were in love mode, they would fire snowballs at each other, causing them to step out of love mode and flee from each other. If the player somehow succeeded to bring the two together, it was possible to make a Baby Snow Golem.
 * Animals of the same species are able to breed with each other regardless of whether or not they are a parent to the animal they are bred with.