Tutorials/Beating a challenge map

This tutorial contains many tips on how to complete a challenge map. Most of this tutorial is based on "complete the monument" styled maps, but will apply to any type of challenge map.

Terms
There are many terms used to describe features in Minecraft challenge maps. Here is a list of some of them:

Useful things to know
Challenge maps can include a variety of difficult obstacles. Here are some tips that can be handy when completing a challenge map:

Damage
Mobs become easier to kill when you know how many hits they take with your weapons. It's also good to know how much damage a weapon does if you need to know which one of your weapons is the strongest.

A weapon made with a not-so-good material that has a high enchantment is better than an unenchanted weapon made with a good quality material. For example, a wooden sword enchanted with Sharpness II does more damage than an unenchanted iron sword.

Fighting mobs
Many challenge maps will have mobs that the player is required to fight. Different tactics should be used for different circumstances.

Large groups of mobs
If there are several mobs in a group, it is best to walk backwards, away from the group. If there is a creeper within the group, let it explode, and it will kill most of the mobs within the group. However, make sure not to be too close when it explodes, as it will damage you.

Mobs with less health
Mobs with less health generally mean any type of mob with 10 or fewer hearts, such as zombies or magma cubes. If you can, build a barricade around yourself, which will prevent them from getting inside. Take them out by bow, even in close range.

Skeletons
Try and use your bow if you don't have at least a 3-hit kill weapon. Skeletons will attempt to knock back players in close range by firing arrows quickly. Skeletons will not notice the player if at least 16 blocks away, so it's recommended to shoot at skeletons from this range.

Blazes
A potion of Fire Resistance is extremely useful to drink when fighting against blazes, as their fireballs are their only long-range weapon. If you get too close during melee combat, however, they are still able to deal damage without shooting fireballs.

Ghasts
Ghasts can be extremely annoying in maps, because they are not only able to break blocks and set things on fire, but they will also often fly away from the player, making them hard to kill.

When on a challenge map, it's best to kill ghasts as soon as possible. To kill a ghast, aim for the body, or hit the fireballs it sends at you back to it.

Ghasts cannot break cobblestone or anything with a higher damage resistance, so you can use that to your advantage. Always build with cobblestone, if you have some.

Silverfish
Often, a mapmaker will create a passageway with walls of monster eggs. If you break one of these blocks, it will spawn a silverfish, which, when attacked, will spawn even more silverfish from adjacent blocks. A silverfish will not call for help if it is killed in one shot by a player, or if it died by "natural" causes.

A Silverfish has 4 hearts of health. Here are some ways of killing a silverfish without it spawning more silverfish:
 * Shooting it with a fully-charged bow (4.5 hearts of damage)
 * Using a potion of Harming II (6 hearts of damage)
 * Hitting it with a Sharpness I enchanted diamond sword (4~5 hearts of damage)
 * Setting it on fire with a flint and steel (natural causes)
 * Burning it in lava (natural causes)
 * Critical hits (4-7 hearts of dmg)

Endermen
An easy way to defeat endermen is to stand in 1-block deep water 2 blocks from shore, and attack them repeatedly. This makes you safe against their attacks, and the water will damage the endermen.

Funboxes
Funboxes are a term commonly used in the Minecraft community, describing 27 spawners arranged in a 3x3x3 manner. It can be very hard to defeat one of these without dying, because of the massive number of mobs that funboxes can spawn at once. Here are some strategies for disabling them:

Lava
Lava is the easiest and most effective way of disabling a funbox. It lights up the area around the funbox, disabling the spawners, and kills any monsters already spawned by the funbox.

To use lava, get within block-placing range of the funbox, and pour lava on it.

If the funbox is out of reach, you can alternatively bridge over to the funbox and pour lava from above.

Cannons
Using a TNT cannon can be a fun and fairly effective way to dispatch of funboxes. However, TNT can do great damage to players and blocks, so be careful with this method so that you don't blow up a chest or die.

Tunneling
Tunneling is another method of disabling a funbox. The easiest way of tunneling toward a funbox is to go from below, as most funboxes are placed out in the open. Make sure to light up your tunnel very well while you tunnel towards it, as if your tunnel is too dark, monsters may spawn.

After disabling
If the funbox is inside of a dungeon, it's best to break it, as creepers can destroy lighting around a funbox (and thereby reactivating it). You can additionally get experience if you mine the spawners.

If the funbox is near your base, you can turn it into a fast mob grinder for drops or experience.

Big rooms
Big rooms are dungeons that are located in a very large room. The monster spawners are often spread out in big rooms to challenge the player extra, making it difficult to light the area up enough to prevent mob spawns.

Runthrough
Drink a potion of Swiftness and charge into the area, placing torches where you can. This is very dangerous, but very effective as well, as you will be covering large areas, and therefore disabling lots of spawners.

Charge and retreat
Go into the room, quickly light up as much as possible, and retreat back to to a safe spot, before repeating. This method is effective, but it is slow and rather dangerous.

Tunneling
Dig tunnels under the floor so that there is one block between the tunnel and the room. Every once in a while, mine a block above you and place a light-emitting block in the room above, before quickly sealing the opening again. This will disable most of the spawners and will make the Charge and Retreat method much easier. Using lava as the light-emitting block is very effective, but also dangerous.

Tunneling to the top of the dungeon and pouring lava from above is a much safer way of doing this.

Landscapes
A landscape is an area on a map that is bigger than even a big room, containing several little dungeons for you to conquer. There are also usually areas on the other side of these landscapes, making these areas much more annoying.

Transportation
Using rails is a very effective way of moving around the landscape. You could also make a tunnel under the landscape for safe travel at night, but this takes a lot of time, and is not as efficient.

Void rooms
Void rooms are rooms that have areas which open up to the void or lava. If you fall off of the main platforms, you will lose your inventory most of the time.

Go slow and steady in these areas. Don't take unnecessary risks. Block off any holes to the Void that you can reach, and be very careful of sand or gravel.

Bridging
If there is a gap between two platforms, make a very secure bridge. Place blocks to the left and right of you, in addition to below you. However, note that if auto-jump is enabled, the barriers on the left and right of you would have to be 2 blocks tall in order for them to be effective.

If there are too many mobs on the platform where you are heading to, it is best to make a piston bridge, if possible. Place a piston facing the platform, and repeatedly have it push blocks. Do this three times: one for the floor, and two for the rails on both sides.

Mazes
Mazes are found occasionally in maps. If the Adventure map is in Survival mode rather than Adventure, mazes are often made of bedrock, so that they can't be mined through.

Hug a wall
Before starting, choose one direction to go and stick with it, as this will make getting out easier later on. When you're at a split in the road, mark the way you entered, and then follow the path in the direction chosen above. If you hit a dead end, go back to the last split road, and mark that section correspondingly. Another way to find your way out of a maze is to walk along side one side of the wall. It's a time consuming method, but as long as there are no loops in the maze, you're bound to find your way out eventually.

Fighting in mazes
A common trick that map creators may do sometimes is to put spawners within the mazes, making it harder to move around. It's important to use corners to your advantage in combat. It's not recommended to use lava, as this will make it harder to penetrate further into the maze.

Sand and gravel
In general, a sand or gravel trap is a trap involving floating sand or gravel. When you place a block or a torch on it, it will fall, which will likely reveal lava, a pit of monsters, the void, or fall onto a pressure plate connected to TNT.

Sand traps that expose areas are unavoidable; however, you can avoid the redstone-style sand trap by being wary. If you see a chest, furnace, or something of that sort, make sure you have a way of getting away before breaking it.

TNT
Map creators will often create something in a map that looks like a reward, but in reality is a deadly trap. Always be on the lookout for something suspicious, as this could very well be TNT. Also, some maps take advantage of external tools or data values in commands, and make it so that TNT will detonate when hit like it did in earlier Minecraft versions. This makes it impossible to destroy without detonating.

Pits
Although pits are easy to dodge within corridors, if you are distracted by something, such as combat, you may unconsciously fall into a pit. Always block of pits that may lead to deadly traps, if possible. Also, if you're fighting and you know that there are deadly pits nearby, make sure to move away from them.

Redstone-related items
It's important to be aware of buttons, levers, or pressure plates. Redstone circuits can be made to do virtually anything, so if you see an "innocent" pressure plate lying about, block it off, or avoid stepping on it.

Movement-affecting blocks
These include soul sand, ice, and vines. Soul sand makes you walk slower through an area, ice makes the ground slippery, and vines can be distracting when fighting against walls. Although these will not directly kill you, they can be a pain if you're trying to do something risky, such as fighting mobs. Therefore, try to stay away from soul sand or ice, and avoid being cornered by mobs in a vine-filled area.

Your inventory
It's best to pack lightly when going into a dungeon, you don't want to lose too many things if you die.

Here are some good things to have in your inventory:
 * Two swords
 * A bow
 * Up to a stack of arrows (or an infinity enchantment)
 * Two pickaxes
 * A stack or two of torches
 * A water bucket (for lava areas)
 * Armor
 * A stack or two of Blocks
 * Potions (if possible)

For rescue missions, you should have:
 * A sword/A bow
 * A pickaxe
 * Some torches
 * Some Blocks
 * Light Armor
 * Potions (if possible, and only in heavily mobbed areas)

Here are some good potions to bring along:
 * Health: Good to have on your hotbar, because it not only heals, but it also damages zombies, skeletons, and zombie pigmen. (in splash form)
 * Regeneration: Great for runthroughs or spawner rushes, since any damage you receive will be negated quickly.
 * Fire Resistance: Blazes and Ghasts are very easy with Fire Resistance.

The base
A main base should have these characteristics:
 * It is completely safe from monsters.
 * Crafting tables, furnaces, and chests are situated there.

Generally, most people build their bases around the Victory Monument, but some mapmakers have been annoyed with the monuments (e.g. dying zombies, growing vines), so it is best to build it relatively close, but not too close.

Some more things I recommend you have in your main base:

Food farm
In most maps, the best renewable types of food are carrots and potatoes. They are very easy to farm, and they feed a decent amount (Carrots heal 2 Food Points, baked potatoes heal 3 Food Points.) is a tutorial on Automatic Wheat Farms, which can be used to grow carrots or potatoes as well.

If there are cows or mooshrooms in the map, then it is best to get a wheat farm started in addition to the carrots/potatoes. Meat heals 4 Food Points, making it the best easily accessible food in the game.

A Melon farm, unless very big, is not recommended, as melons only feed one part, and melons grow rather slowly.

Monster EXP farm
You'll only need a monster trap in extreme cases, where it's impossible to go on without enchanting your gear.

Set up a spawner trap around a funbox, preferably very high up, so that the mobs are around 1/2 hearts when they fall (one punch kill).

Tree farm
Wood is undeniably the most important resource in Minecraft. You'll need a lot of it too, in the case of challenge maps.

Cobblestone farm
This is only needed in extreme cases, where you have a great lack of stone to use. The easiest farm to make is:

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