Hopper

A hopper is a block that can be used to catch item entities, or to transfer items into and out of containers.

Breaking
To break a hopper, it with a pickaxe. Using any other item to break a hopper does not drop the block.

Minecarts with hopper
A hopper can also be obtained by destroying a minecart with hopper.

Crafting
A hopper can be crafted from 5 iron ingots and a chest.

Usage


A hopper can be used as a container, as a crafting ingredient, and as a redstone component.

A hopper has an "output" tube at its bottom that can face down or sideways and provides a visual indication of which block the hopper is set up to drop its items into, if that block has an inventory. To place a hopper, use the control while aiming at the surface to which its output should face (Hoppers do not orient themselves automatically). To place a hopper directly on the face of an already interactable block, the player can while placing the hopper. Attempting to place a hopper aimed on the bottom face of a block instead faces downward. A hopper does not change direction after placement, and it is not attached to the container it faces; the container can be removed or replaced, and the hopper remains unchanged.

Hoppers cannot be moved by pistons. Despite not appearing as a solid block, attached blocks such as rails, levers, tripwire and redstone dust can be placed on top of hoppers (but not on their side).

Container


A hopper can be used as a container and has 5 slots of inventory space.

To open the hopper GUI, use the control. To move items between the hopper inventory and the player inventory or hotbar while the hopper GUI is open, drag or shift-click the items. To exit the hopper GUI, use the control.

By default, the GUI of a hopper is labeled "Item Hopper". A hopper's GUI label can be changed by naming the hopper in an anvil before placing it, or, $$, by using the data command (for example, to label a hopper at (0,64,0) "Steve's Hopper", use ).

$$, a hopper can be "locked" (or subsequently unlocked) by setting the hopper's  tag with the data command. If a hopper's  tag is not blank, the hopper cannot be accessed except by players holding an item with the same name as the   tag's text. For example, to lock a hopper at (0,64,0) so that only players holding an item named "Steve's Key" can access the hopper, use.

Crafting ingredient
A hopper can be used to craft a minecart with hopper.

Redstone component
A hopper's behavior is the opposite of most redstone mechanisms as a redstone signal turns the hopper off rather than turning it on. Because of this reverse behavior, an activated hopper is actually turned off. To avoid confusion over the terms activated and deactivated, powered hoppers are often described as being locked and unpowered hoppers described as being unlocked.

Hoppers can be powered by soft powered blocks, meaning a redstone dust trail pointing into a block touching the hopper will lock it just as effectively as a redstone block or any other power component touching the hopper.

An unlocked hopper has three functions:
 * Collect item entities (free-floating items in the world) into its inventory from the space above it
 * Pull a single item into its inventory from a container above it
 * Push a single item from its own inventory into a container it faces

A hopper with a container above it, such as a furnaces, chests, or another hopper, cannot collect dropped items; for run-time efficiency, the hopper's code doesn't check for floating items. Dropped items can still be collected from a hopper with a regular block above it, however. Items are gathered from the entire 1 block space block above the hopper, meaning that items sitting on partial blocks such as soul sand can be collected. It is also possible for a hopper to collect items from inside a full, solid block, a situation that might come from items rising up through solid blocks or being summoned. Item entities are not collected when they are outside of this 1 block area however; items on top of a stone block will not be collected. Hoppers check for dropped items every game tick and they can collect items even before they are picked up by a player or destroyed by lava.

Hoppers have a "transfer cooldown" time. After pulling and/or pushing items, a hopper waits 4 redstone ticks (0.4 seconds, barring lag) before pulling or pushing again (a transfer rate of 2.5 items per second, barring lag). A hopper that has an item pushed into it from another hopper also starts a 4 tick cooldown period, regardless of whether it pushed or pulled items itself. Item entities can be collected at any time without affecting the transfer cooldown time, and they can collected entire grouped stacks of items rather than collecting singular items at a time. As a result, hoppers pull much more slowly than they collect. Pulling from a moving minecart with chest or minecart with hopper is even slower, since the minecart is not always above the hopper.

Item pushes and pulls are processed in the same game tick, but pushes are processed before pulls. Looking at the schematic, the empty hopper will first pull an item from Chest A as it cannot push anything into Chest B. After the cooldown, the hopper will first push its item into Chest B before pulling another item from Chest A, both pushing and pulling in the same tick. This process will repeat until Chest B is full, at which point, assuming more items are placed in Chest A, the hopper will begin exclusively pulling as it cannot push an item into full Chest B.

A hopper always tries to push, pull, and collect items using the leftmost available slot. When a hopper is removing items from a chest, the items will disappear from left to right. Similarly, when filling up a chest, the chest will fill up from left to right. Hoppers prioritize pulling from the first slot of a container over pulling into the first hopper slot. If a hopper has stone in its first slot and nothing in its second while the container it is pulling from has chicken in its first slot but stone in the second, the hopper will pull the chicken from the first slot of the container into its empty second slot. However, if the hopper is unable to pull the chicken, such as if all slots are filled with stone, the hopper will pull the stone from the second slot of the container instead. Similarly, hoppers prioritize pushing from their first slot over pushing into the first slot of a container. If a hopper has stone in its first slot and chicken in its second while the container it is pushing to has chicken it its first slot but stone in the second, the hopper will push stone from its first slot into the second slot of the container.

Some containers interact with hoppers in specific ways:


 * Dispensers and droppers interact with hoppers normally.
 * Dispensers and droppers interact with hoppers normally.
 * Dispensers and droppers interact with hoppers normally.


 * Hoppers above composters can push compostable items into the composter's top face with a chance of increasing the level of the composter as if the player used the item on the composter. Items that are not compostable cannot be pushed into the composter. Hoppers below the composter can pull bone meal when the composter is in stage 8, emptying the composter and resetting it to stage 0. Hoppers to the side of a composter do not interact with it.
 * Hoppers above composters can push compostable items into the composter's top face with a chance of increasing the level of the composter as if the player used the item on the composter. Items that are not compostable cannot be pushed into the composter. Hoppers below the composter can pull bone meal when the composter is in stage 8, emptying the composter and resetting it to stage 0. Hoppers to the side of a composter do not interact with it.


 * A working hopper on the top face of a brewing stand deposits only into the ingredient slot and it can only push valid brewing ingredients. A hopper on side face of a brewing stand can only deposit blaze powder or filled bottles into the three brew slots. A hopper underneath a brewing stand always extracts from the three brew slots, whether brewing is finished or not&mdash;The hopper must be locked to allow potions to finish brewing.
 * A working hopper on the top face of a brewing stand deposits only into the ingredient slot and it can only push valid brewing ingredients. A hopper on side face of a brewing stand can only deposit blaze powder or filled bottles into the three brew slots. A hopper underneath a brewing stand always extracts from the three brew slots, whether brewing is finished or not&mdash;The hopper must be locked to allow potions to finish brewing.


 * Large chests and large trapped chests are treated as a single container: A hopper depositing into a large chest fills up the entire chest and a hopper underneath a large chest empties the entire chest. Trapped chests being accessed by a player lock any adjacent hoppers, per the standard behavior of a hopper next to an active power source.
 * Large chests and large trapped chests are treated as a single container: A hopper depositing into a large chest fills up the entire chest and a hopper underneath a large chest empties the entire chest. Trapped chests being accessed by a player lock any adjacent hoppers, per the standard behavior of a hopper next to an active power source.
 * Large chests and large trapped chests are treated as a single container: A hopper depositing into a large chest fills up the entire chest and a hopper underneath a large chest empties the entire chest. Trapped chests being accessed by a player lock any adjacent hoppers, per the standard behavior of a hopper next to an active power source.


 * Barrels interact with hoppers normally.
 * Barrels interact with hoppers normally.


 * A working hopper pointing into top face of a furnace deposits only into the ingredient slot. It can push any item, including items that can't be smelted by the furnace. A hopper on the side face deposits into the fuel slot and it can only push items that are usable as fuel. A hopper below a furnace pulls only from the output slot, with the exception of pulling empty buckets from the fuel slot left over from using lava buckets as fuel. When a hopper removes items from a furnace, the experience points are 'stored' in the furnace until the player removes at least one smelted item.
 * A working hopper pointing into top face of a furnace deposits only into the ingredient slot. It can push any item, including items that can't be smelted by the furnace. A hopper on the side face deposits into the fuel slot and it can only push items that are usable as fuel. A hopper below a furnace pulls only from the output slot, with the exception of pulling empty buckets from the fuel slot left over from using lava buckets as fuel. When a hopper removes items from a furnace, the experience points are 'stored' in the furnace until the player removes at least one smelted item.
 * A working hopper pointing into top face of a furnace deposits only into the ingredient slot. It can push any item, including items that can't be smelted by the furnace. A hopper on the side face deposits into the fuel slot and it can only push items that are usable as fuel. A hopper below a furnace pulls only from the output slot, with the exception of pulling empty buckets from the fuel slot left over from using lava buckets as fuel. When a hopper removes items from a furnace, the experience points are 'stored' in the furnace until the player removes at least one smelted item.
 * A working hopper pointing into top face of a furnace deposits only into the ingredient slot. It can push any item, including items that can't be smelted by the furnace. A hopper on the side face deposits into the fuel slot and it can only push items that are usable as fuel. A hopper below a furnace pulls only from the output slot, with the exception of pulling empty buckets from the fuel slot left over from using lava buckets as fuel. When a hopper removes items from a furnace, the experience points are 'stored' in the furnace until the player removes at least one smelted item.


 * Hopper
 * A sequence of three or more hoppers, each pushing items into the next, is called a hopper pipe. Working horizontal hopper pipes simply push items into each other at the expected rate of 2.5 items per second, but vertical hopper pipes are more complicated, as the hoppers are trying both to pull and to push. When a vertical pipe pulls from a single container, it simply transfers items at 2.5 items per second because the transfer rate is limited by the first hopper pulling items from the container. If a stack of items is in a vertical pipe, either from collecting a dropped item stack or being manually placed inside, the items can be transferred twice as fast, because the hopper with the item stack is pushing items down while the hopper below it is also pulling items down.
 * A redstone comparator measuring the fullness of a hopper in a hopper pipe usually reads a continuous stream of items instead of blinking on and off as each item passes, but because pulls and pushes both occur in the same game tick, certain hoppers in a vertical hopper pipe may never power comparators even with a continuous stream of items: Their items get pulled out a single game tick after they're pushed in, which isn't measurable by a comparator&mdash;$$, comparators need measurements of at least 1.5 redstone ticks to produce a reading.


 * Unlocked hoppers fill chest minecarts and hopper minecarts if any part of the entity's hitbox is within the hopper's target block-space. Hopper minecarts will try to pull items from the hopper at high speed. Hoppers can pull items from minecarts above them so rails can be placed directly on the top faces of a hoppers. If a detector rail is in the right position, it could lock the hopper per standard redstone-hopper behavior.
 * Unlocked hoppers fill chest minecarts and hopper minecarts if any part of the entity's hitbox is within the hopper's target block-space. Hopper minecarts will try to pull items from the hopper at high speed. Hoppers can pull items from minecarts above them so rails can be placed directly on the top faces of a hoppers. If a detector rail is in the right position, it could lock the hopper per standard redstone-hopper behavior.
 * Unlocked hoppers fill chest minecarts and hopper minecarts if any part of the entity's hitbox is within the hopper's target block-space. Hopper minecarts will try to pull items from the hopper at high speed. Hoppers can pull items from minecarts above them so rails can be placed directly on the top faces of a hoppers. If a detector rail is in the right position, it could lock the hopper per standard redstone-hopper behavior.


 * $$, discs play instantly when inserted.
 * $$, discs play instantly when inserted.


 * Hoppers cannot put shulker boxes into other shulker boxes. This allows for the creation of certain item filters.
 * Otherwise, hoppers interact with shulker boxes normally.
 * Otherwise, hoppers interact with shulker boxes normally.


 * Hoppers cannot remove or place books on lecterns. The redstone pulse emitted from a lectern when a page is turned can temporarily lock hoppers however.
 * Hoppers cannot remove or place books on lecterns. The redstone pulse emitted from a lectern when a page is turned can temporarily lock hoppers however.


 * Hoppers cannot interact with ender chests in any way.
 * Hoppers cannot interact with ender chests in any way.

A disabled hopper does not pull items from above (including item entities) or push them out, but may receive items from other droppers and hoppers, and may have its items removed by another hopper beneath it. To stop item transfer in a horizontal hopper pipe, only one hopper needs to be disabled, but to stop item transfer in a vertical hopper pipe, it is necessary to disable two hoppers in a row (because if a single hopper is disabled, the hopper above it can still push items into it and the hopper below it can still pull items from it).

ID




Block data
$$, a hopper uses its block data to specify its orientation and activation status.

Block entity
A hopper has a block entity associated with it that holds additional data about the block.

Trivia

 * A real-life hopper is a large, pyramidal shaped container used in industrial processes to hold particulate matter that has been collected from expelled air.
 * A Hopper can transfer 9000 items/hour or 150 items/minute.
 * If a hopper needs to pull an item from another container, this speed is cut in half.