Breeding



Breeding is a game mechanic that allows fed animals of the same species to breed with each other to make new animals. Animals will follow a player holding wheat until they are fed by it. They may only breed once per wheat given, given they aren't following their offspring.

Current Mechanics
As of Beta 1.9 Pre-release 3, Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms enter "love mode" if fed. Animals in "love mode" emit hearts constantly and will path towards nearby animals of the same species that are also in love mode. After about a second, a baby animal of the same species spawns on one of the parents, which also ends love mode for the parents. They will not be able to enter love mode again for five minutes. After the baby animal has spawned, the parents will follow it, staying close and sometimes circling it. Hitting a parent will stop it from following the baby.

Currently, all animals require wheat to breed, one wheat per parent being needed to breed a single baby. Despite Chickens laying eggs, they are uninvolved in breeding. Sheep are born with chances to be either color of their parents, as of 1.9 prerelease 6. Animals are uninterested in wheat lying on the ground.

Using wheat to breed animals that give food (cows, pigs, chickens) is a more effective way of getting food than making bread.

Ranching
Animals in an open setting may be difficult to breed. It may be easier to construct pens or find pastures for animals to stay. Even a medium size pasture can result in animals neglecting to notice one another in love mode. Animals will spawn in the same square as their parent. It should be noted, however, that if they are in the same square as a fence, glass pane, or other item that takes up only part of a square they may spawn on the other side.

Pigs, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms can all provide food when killed - this food will be cooked if they are killed with fire. Cows and Mooshrooms additionally drop leather, and Chickens drop feathers. Sheep drop one wool when killed, but it is more productive to shear them, where as they drop 2-4 wool. One dye can be used to color their wool before shearing, which is more efficient than dying the single wool after killing. Eggs can be harvested from areas given for Chickens, Cows can be milked with a bucket, and Mooshrooms can be 'milked' for Mushroom Stew using a bowl. Mooshrooms can also be sheared for 3-5 Red Mushrooms, although this will turn them into normal Cows.

Automated Animal Farms and Mass Breeding


Small scale automated breeding systems can be built by herding passive mobs into moving minecarts and summoning them to a central breeding location - this has the disadvantage of still breeding new mobs relatively slowly (one every five minutes.) Also, when saving and loading the game the mobs will "escape" from the minecarts - this can be dealt with by "storing" them inside of glass blocks. An example can be seen at DocMs Automated Breeding Machine.

Mass animal breeding farms can be built by "Compressing" mobs into a very small number of squares using the CMC system. Mobs are "Squeezed" into a small area (Generally a three high 3x1 chamber) by pushing the walls around them closer with pistons, these animals can be bred to produce new animals that will remain trapped inside the enclosure and can be bred themselves - meaning that many many mobs will eventually be stored in the same square and can be fed simply by "Spamming" stacks of wheat into the enclosure. If starting with two mobs and feeding them for an hour while using this system (assuming no missed feedings or killed mobs) 56 adults and 28 baby mobs will be held inside the 3x1 cell. After two hours this would increase to 2349 adults and 1174 offspring.

Chickens can be fed from through a half slab in the side of the enclosure or from above through a hole in the middle, other mobs can be fed through a 1 wide hole in the side of the enclosure without any risk that they will escape. Feeding the mobs once while harvesting, and once between harvests, is enough to keep mobs at roughly their current level - allowing the user to "dial in" the amount of mob drops gathered per harvest.

For a tutorial on building the farm, and automatic harvesting, watch Cake's Mob Compressor System

Baby Animals
In Beta 1.9 Pre-Release 3, Notch added baby animals, the offspring of Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms. They are smaller variations of their parents, having small bodies, big heads, higher pitch sounds, and faster walking speeds. They do not drop resources, primarily to discourage killing of baby animals. Although it is possible to shear baby Sheep and Mooshrooms, they will not drop any resources. Baby animals grow into full sized animals after ten minutes, one day in game time.

The parents will follow a baby as it wanders. However, they might not follow their own offspring. If two pairs of animals breed too close, there is a chance that both pairs will follow the same baby. The parents will not stop following the baby after it is fully grown.

History
Breeding is a game mechanic first introduced in Beta 1.9 Pre-release 2. After Beta 1.9 Pre-release 3, the following mobs: Pigs, Sheep, Chickens, Cows, and Mooshrooms enter "love mode" when fed with wheat. When breeding was introduced in the Beta 1.9 Pre-releases, all Sheep were born with white wool, irrespective of their parentage, but when Beta 1.9 Pre-release 6 came out, baby sheep can be either of their parents' colors, even if they were dyed. Animals are uninterested in wheat lying on the ground.

Bugs

 * In Beta 1.9 Pre-release 4 SMP, baby animals are not spawned from breeding. Instead, they spawn as adult animals. However, they still have attributes of baby animals, not dropping resources and the parents following them. The parents will not stop following the baby, continuously pushing them and causing glitching where they appear to flash above fences or walls.

Trivia

 * During the early developments of Breeding, Notch tweeted (most likely as a joke): "You know what would be fun? If every single animal in minecraft came from eggs. Breeding would involve moving egg blocks around."
 * Mooshrooms and Cows can breed with each other, producing either a Cow or a Mooshroom. Whether this is an oversight or intended is unknown.
 * By definition, all Cows in Minecraft are female. However, because of the lack of bulls, they are able to produce offspring regardless. The same happens with Chickens, since there is a lack of roosters. However, female Chickens are called hens, and the mob itself is simply called Chicken, so the actual gender of this mob could be either male or female.
 * If the player sheers a baby Mooshroom, it will become an adult Cow instead of a baby Cow. This appears to be a bug.
 * The player can ride baby Pigs the same as adult ones using a saddle.
 * The saddle is not removed when the baby grows into a Pig.
 * The player may feed neutral wolves wheat to make them enter love mode, although they cannot produce offspring.
 * Since right clicking tamed wolves causes them to stay or follow, the only way to feed them wheat is to cause the bug that causes them to stay sitting forever.