User:Munin295/Transmission circuit

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Transmission types
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Digital transmission
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 * Redstone Wire




 * "Smart Wire"


 * Moving an entity (such as a minecart) into a tripwire line can activate a tripwire hook up to 40 blocks away.
 * Earliest Known Publication: March 28, 2013

Numerous other methods exist for moving a redstone signal from one place to another. These methods may not be efficient or appropriate over long distances, but can be useful in compact redstone structures as their interaction with other components differs from redstone dust and smart wire.
 * Sticky pistons pushing blocks of redstone, or pushing regular blocks into a powered state, or pushing blocks between containers and comparators
 * Droppers pushing items into hoppers facing back into the droppers, with comparators to detect the item pushed into the hopper
 * Moving items through hopper pipes and reading locations with comparators

Transmission crossing
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Analog transmission
An analog transmission is a single line which outputs the same signal strength it receives as input. Because power levels can vary from 0 to 15, an analog transmission can convey 16 states in a single line.


 * Analog comparator line


 * tl;dr: best option for short distances
 * The simplest analog line is a line of redstone comparators. However, like repeaters, comparators can draw a signal from an opaque block and push a signal into an opaque block, thus it is usually more efficient (in resources, and in signal delay) to place comparators every four blocks.
 * The analog signal in this line can be reduced or suppressed at some point along its length by feeding another signal into one of the comparators in subtraction mode. The signal can be overridden by feeding a stronger signal into one of the opaque blocks.
 * Because the redstone dust is not adjacent to any power or transmission components, only opaque blocks, it will not configure itself to point in any particular direction. This will cause the dust to also power any opaque blocks or mechanism components to the side of the analog line. Transmission components (redstone dust, redstone comparators, etc.) should not be placed adjacent to the line's dust because that would cause the dust to configure itself in a way where it doesn't power the rest of the analog line.


 * Analog repeater line
 * tl;dr: best option for long distances
 * Signal strength can also be retained by using repeaters to repeat every possible signal strength at the correct distance from the output to convey the correct signal strength. …


 * Analog subtraction line
 * If fewer than 15 values need to be transmitted, it may be more efficient to encode those N values in the higher levels of signal strength, and then repeatedly subtract the transmitted value from 15 every (N-1) blocks.
 * Earliest Known Publication: January 26, 2013

Binary transmission
A binary line consists of two or more digital lines run in parallel, with each line representing a different digit in a single binary number. For example, three lines might individually represent binary 001 (i.e., decimal 1), binary 010 (decimal 2), and binary 100 (decimal 4) -- allowing them together to represent any value from decimal 0 to 7 (by summing their values).

When a binary line is intended to carry and output a decimal value (such as with a 7-segment display), it is known as "Binary-Coded Decimal" (BCD).


 * 4-Bit Binary
 * An analog line and a 4-bit binary can carry the same amount of information. The 4-bit binary takes up more space, but is faster than an analog comparator line and more resource-efficient than an analog repeater line.

Unary transmission
In Minecraft, a unary encoding …

An "unary" transmission line consists of two or more bit lines run in parallel, with the value transmitted represented by the number of lines powered (e.g., the value 3 might be encoded by having three of eight lines being turned on).

The term "unary" is also sometimes used for encoding a value by which line is powered, instead of how many lines are powered (e.g., the value 3 might be encoded by having only the third line of eight turned on).

Unary encoding is rarely used for transmitting values, but may be used for inputs (e.g., which, or how many, levers are turned on) or outputs (e.g., which, or how many, dispensers are triggered), with conversion to or from a more efficient transmission method in between.

Transmission conversion
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Converting Analog to 4-bit Binary
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Converting Analog to 16-state Unary
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 * Redcoder
 * Earliest Known Publication: November 21, 2012.
 * Earliest Known Publication: November 21, 2012.


 * Grizdale's Analogue to Digital Signal Converter
 * Earliest Known Publication: March 17, 2013
 * Earliest Known Publication: March 17, 2013

Converting 4-bit Binary to Analog
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Converting 4-bit Binary to 16-state Unary
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Converting 16-state Unary to Analog
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Converting 16-state Unary to 4-bit Binary
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Vertical transmission
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Vertical digital transmission
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 * Redstone Staircase
 * 1xNxN, 1-wide, silent
 * Variation (Circular Staircase): By turning 90 degrees in the same direction each time the wire goes up a block, a "circular" staircase can be created in a 2x2 footprint. This variation is 2-wide tileable in both horizontal directions as long as the rotation direction is alternated in each direction (clockwise, anticlockwise, clockwise, etc.).
 * Variation (Circular Staircase): By turning 90 degrees in the same direction each time the wire goes up a block, a "circular" staircase can be created in a 2x2 footprint. This variation is 2-wide tileable in both horizontal directions as long as the rotation direction is alternated in each direction (clockwise, anticlockwise, clockwise, etc.).


 * Redstone Ladders
 * 1x2xN, 1-wide, silent


 * Torch Tower


 * 1x1xN (upwards) or 1x2xN (downwards), 1-wide, silent


 * Piston Tower


 * 1x1xN, 1x1-tileable

Vertical analog transmission
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Diodes
Another important aspect of signal transmission is making sure a signal doesn't go the wrong way. "Diodes" are redstone components or circuits which allow signals to propagate in one direction but not the other.

Diode components
Both the redstone repeater and the redstone comparator behave as diodes. …

Diode circuits
Glowstone and upside-down slabs (along with components less frequently used in diode circuits, such as upside-down stairs and hoppers) have the property that redstone dust on top of them can propagate signals diagonally upwards, but not diagonally downwards. Thus, simply jumping the signal up one block to glowstone or an upside-down slab creates a diode circuit (to get it back to the same level, run the line over an opaque block before dropping it).