Tutorials/Hunger management

Hunger is a feature in Minecraft that requires the player to eat in order to survive. It does not affect the player in spectator or creative modes, or on Peaceful difficulty on any gamemode, and is represented by a bar next to the health bar. As this bar drains away, various unpleasant things happen:


 * 1) You stop healing naturally at
 * 2) You cannot sprint at
 * 3) You start taking starvation damage at . The rate at which you take this damage is dependent on difficulty. However, reaching zero health this way is only possible on Hard and Hardcore difficulties.

There is also a hidden, secondary form of hunger called "saturation", which is always exhausted before hunger. Eating food will replenish various amounts of both hunger and saturation.

Conserving energy
Several techniques can reduce your need for food:


 * Avoid fighting when you can. For example, any neutral mob won't attack unprovoked. Also, all monsters have a limit on how far they'll travel to reach you (e.g. they won't usually cross a ravine if they're far enough from the ends).
 * Craft a as soon as possible, and use it whenever you find yourself above ground at night.
 * Place plenty of es to prevent mob spawning.
 * Reduce jumping. While mining, carry some or s, and, whenever possible, craft and place,  or s instead of jumping.
 * Craft a or  when you can, then follow with  and an . Healing depletes your hunger bar quickly, and full iron armor reduces the damage you take by 60%. Dealing melee blows also depletes your hunger, and swords or axes usually do the job with fewer attacks than any other tool.
 * Avoid sprinting, as it rapidly depletes your hunger bar. Jumping while sprinting is especially energy consuming.
 * While crossing bodies of water, use a instead of swimming, as the former is faster and does not deplete the hunger bar.

Effects of hunger
There are three hunger variables you need to worry about: The visible hunger bar, and two hidden values which are called "saturation" and "exhaustion". Hunger and saturation range from 0 to 20 (hunger is shown as ), but saturation cannot exceed your hunger (for example, if you have hunger, you can have at most 17 saturation). Exhaustion ranges from 0 to 4. As you move about, fight, mine, etc, exhaustion accumulates. In order, common activities that will exhaust you the most are: Healing damage (most of a food point per health point), a "sprint jump", sprinting any distance, attacking monsters or receiving damage (from any source), and jumping. More specific values can be found in the table. When exhaustion reaches 4, it resets to 0, and saturation decreases by 1. When saturation reaches 0, the hunger bar will start to visibly ripple, and hunger starts to drain away in place of saturation. (As a result, a way to visualize saturation is to think of it as an "extra hunger bar" above your hunger bar, that gets deducted before hunger at the same speed.) When your hunger drops below, you stop healing automatically. When it is at or below, you will be unable to sprint. Also, when your hunger drops to, you start to take starvation damage. On Easy mode, starvation damage will not lower you below, while on Normal mode, it can reduce you to. On Hard mode, starvation can kill you.

While eating is essential to keep your health up, it is not always needed. On Easy and Normal modes, the health bar will stop decreasing before death, so if the player takes care not to take any further damage, they can continue playing normally. Obviously, this is much riskier in multiplayer servers with PvP (player vs player), as well as adventuring.

With the exception of s, s, s and, you cannot eat when your hunger is at max; when you do eat, each food item restores a specific amount of hunger and saturation. The following section will elaborate on the strategies on effective management of both hunger and saturation.

Food
Food are a specific type of items that can be eaten by pressing the "use" button, when your hunger bar is not at maximum. Food restores both the hunger bar and saturation, with different foods filling different amounts of each. You can obtain food through crafting, trading, searching naturally generated chests, farming, and killing mobs. Many foods can be cooked (smelted) for better effect. Burning mobs is an easier method to obtain meat without the need of cooking.

Foods can be divided into five tiers, according to how much saturation they restore per hunger unit. They are known as nourishment values, and the saturation one gets from any food is defined as nourishment times hunger. Knowing this, there are roughly two ways to approach the issue of hunger and saturation. Players can either try to eat efficiently, meaning using as little food items as possible, or try to eat expediently, meaning to stave off hunger as fast as they can.

The efficiency approach requires the player to avoid wasting hunger or saturation. Meaning, never eat any food that would "overfill" the hunger bar, avoiding to waste saturation points by going over the limit (the hunger value after consuming the food). By doing this, one will use every piece of food to its maximum potential. However, one needs to use more time to tend to their hunger bar, and remember the current saturation value. Therefore, this is ill-suited for healing in emergencies, and should probably be done when safe and/or low on foodstuff.

The expediency approach, on the other hand, doesn't mind wasting a bit of the food here and there: Eat the most filling and nourishing food until full, and be done with it. If food supply is not an issue, if the player requires imminent healing, or if the player simply wants to save time, this is an appealing option.

Few foods also have special effects, mostly bad. While the can heal you, other foods can poison you (losing hit points), or give you food poisoning (draining your hunger bar). For these, there is, obtained by using a on a. While milk doesn't restore hunger or saturation, it does wipe away any status effects that the player currently has, so use it carefully. Another option are s, which only remove.

Supernatural
Crafted with gold, these have a nourishment of 2.4.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Restore a lot of health and gives you an extra for damage absorption.
 * Cause temporary constant health regeneration that is not dependent on the player's hunger.
 * Restore 9.6 saturation, considering their low hunger restoration.
 * Give 2 minutes of IV,  II/V,  and.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Very rare and not renewable.
 * Eating them takes a few seconds, while s or s of Healing can be instantly applied by them.
 * Found only in structures chests.


 * Restore 
 * Restore 


 * Advantages:
 * Cause temporary constant health regeneration that is not dependent on the player's hunger.
 * The rate of regeneration is faster than the natural health regeneration in Bedrock Edition and before Java Edition 1.9, making them useful in combat and emergency situations.
 * Compared with, their effects are available without the need for , which is only possible via accessing in singleplayer.
 * Not to mention that golden apples are stackabke up to 64, but potions are not.
 * can provide a good supply of s. Trading with farmer s can also get them in quantity.
 * Can be used to cure s. If generated structures are turned off, this is the only way to obtain villagers and trade with them.
 * Although they restore fewer hunger points, they grant 5 seconds of II and 2 minutes of, giving the player an extra.
 * Restore 9.6 saturation, a large amount considering their low hunger restoration.
 * They can be eaten while the hunger bar is full, which means the player can maintain a high level of saturation (and the natural regeneration it offers) without being only able to eat until the hunger bar starts draining.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Require 8 s to be crafted, meaning that they are too expensive to be an efficient food source in survival mode, unless with an efficient.
 * Eating them takes a few seconds, while s or s of Healing can be instantly applied by them.
 * Finding them in structures chests is rare and unreliable.


 * Restore 
 * Restore 


 * Advantages:
 * Restore 14.4 saturation, the highest of any stackable food currently in the game.
 * Can also be used to make.
 * Are cheaper than s. A golden carrot costs 8 s, but a golden apple costs 8 s.
 * Can be bought from farmer villagers in large quantities.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Finding carrots can be difficult, as they are only found in and  chests, growing in  fields, or dropped with an $1/120$ chance from s.
 * Finding the golden carrot itself is also difficult, as they can be found in and  chests.
 * Though cheaper than golden apples, they still need gold nuggets to be crafted.
 * The trading offer is 3 golden carrots for 3 emeralds, which can be expensive, though the price can be lowered with zombification and curing, or the effect.

Good
These have a nourishment of 1.6 — the most nourishing of the ordinary foods.


 * and
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * They restore one of the highest amount of hunger and saturation (12.8 points) of any food in the game.
 * Two pieces regenerate 25.6 saturation, filling the saturation bar, so the player don't need to eat again for a long time.
 * Can be found relatively early on, provided there are s, s and/or s nearby.
 * Cows, mooshrooms and pigs can be bred to supply the player with and s.
 * Cows, mooshrooms and hoglins also supply the player with.
 * s are a source of porkchops in.
 * Since hoglins are hostile mobs, they respawn quickly, making breeding unnecessary, enabling efficient hoglin farms to be built.
 * Raw beef and porkchops can be cooked quickly using a or  when away from a reliable source of food.
 * All these mobs can also be killed while on fire to get cooked meat directly.
 * Cooked beef and cooked porkchops are offered by butcher villagers at reasonable prices.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Their availability is dependent on the presence of animals within sight, which can be random and require extensive traveling depending on the biome the player spawns in.
 * Only once at least two animals have been found, a reliable supply of food can be established.
 * Breeding pigs requires s, es or s, which can be difficult to obtain, if there are no s with carrot or potato farms nearby, or s with supply chests, as they only very rarely drop from s.
 * Hoglins are hostile mobs that can cause massive damage, and they can only be hunted and bred in the Nether, because in other dimensions they zombify.


 * and
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be found relatively early on, provided there are, and/or nearby.
 * Restore 9.6 saturation.
 * Two pieces regenerate 19.2 saturation (equivalent to 20), filling the saturation bar completely.
 * Breeding sheep also supplies the player with.
 * Salmon spawn commonly in s and s in large schools, and respawn relatively quickly without needing to breed them.
 * Salmon can be caught in any body of water with a.
 * Raw mutton and raw salmon can be cooked quickly using a or  when away from a reliable source of food.
 * Sheep can also be killed while on fire to get cooked mutton directly.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Their availability is dependent on the presence of animals within sight, which can be random and require extensive traveling depending on the biome the player spawns in.
 * Only once at least two sheep have been found, a reliable supply of mutton can be established.
 * Salmon cannot be bred, so the player has to hunt for them every time they need food, not to mention salmon are agile and hard to hit.
 * Since salmon are aquatic mobs, it's almost impossible to kill them with fire to get cooked salmon directly, unless the player has a Fire Aspect sword.

Normal
These have a nourishment of 1.2 — the staple foods, cheap and fairly nourishing.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Restore 6 saturation.
 * Baked potatoes restore a good amount of hunger and saturation.
 * Potatoes can be farmed quickly and in large quantities, as each potato plant can drop up to 4 potatoes.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Meats restore more hunger and saturation than baked potatoes.
 * Finding the first potato can be difficult, found only in structure chests, s or dropped from s.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Beetroots can be used to breed s and can be crafted into.
 * No other actual advantages.


 * Disadvantages:
 * can only be obtained from farms, structure (snowy village,, , , ) chests, and s.
 * grows somewhat slower than other crops, and they only yield one beetroot for each harvest.
 * Eating one beetroot is only marginally more useful than not eating at all.
 * Only restores 1.2 saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Restores 7.2 saturation.
 * It restores the same amount of hunger as six s while taking only one-sixth as much time to eat.
 * Uncrafted beetroot soup takes up less inventory space than uncrafted (up to 10 servings).


 * Disadvantages:
 * can only be obtained from farms, structure chests and s.
 * grows somewhat slower than other crops, and they only yield one beetroot for each harvest.
 * Like other stews, beetroot soup does not stack when crafted.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * takes little resources to and maintain.
 * Restore 6 saturation.
 * One of the easiest foods to obtain early in the game.
 * Piles of s commonly generate around plains, desert and savanna s, which can be converted into bread, providing an ample source of food.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Wheat growing takes time, and three are required per bread loaf.
 * Compared to 1-4 s and es dropped each plant, each wheat plant only yields a single piece of wheat.
 * Bread can only be crafted with a.
 * Lots of may be needed to force grow a single stalk of wheat.
 * Wheat requires a light level of 9 for growth.
 * Meats restore more hunger and saturation than bread.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * are easy to farm.
 * Can be used to breed s and s.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Finding the first carrot is hard, as it is found only in s, structure chests, or rarely dropped by s.
 * Restore 3.6 saturation.
 * Meats and es restore more hunger and saturation than carrots.


 * Restores ''
 * Restores ''


 * Advantages:
 * Restore 7.2 saturation.
 * s are easier to find than most other passive mobs, and also lay s and provide s.
 * Chickens only need to breed.
 * Because chickens lay eggs, cooked chicken can be farmed completely automatically, compared to farming of other animals which needs the player to breed the animals.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Other meats restore more hunger and saturation than cooked chicken.
 * Eggs hatch into baby chickens, which need to grow before they are able to lay more eggs, or can be killed for meat.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be from any body of water, even underground or in.
 * Compared to, is more commonly caught while fishing.
 * Restore 6 saturation.
 * commonsly spawn in most biomes in large schools, and respawn quickly without needing to breed them.


 * Disadvantages:
 * takes some time, especially underground and while not, making it slow to gather large amounts of fish.
 * Finding mobs is also quite difficult, as they can only be found in regular, lukewarm and cold ocean biomes.
 * Other meats restore more hunger and saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be obtained relatively early on depending on the presence of s.
 * Restore 7.2 saturation.
 * Rabbits also supply the player with and.
 * Cooked rabbit can be purchased from.
 * Can be used to craft.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Other meats restore more hunger and saturation than cooked rabbit.
 * Rabbits are difficult to capture, kill and farm.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be a reliable food source if s and, or   can be found.
 * The recipe can be made in the 2×2 crafting menu.
 * Restore 7.2 saturation.
 * If possible, pressing on a  with a  will fill the bowl with stew.
 * s can be grown with on    in dark places with enough place, and can be easily taken down with an.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Like other stews, mushroom stew does not stack, so crafting a lot of stew at once takes up a lot of inventory space.
 * A bowl of stew requires both types of mushrooms, which is bad news if you only have one type.
 * Mycelium, podzol and nylium aren't easy to find, the first two found in rare biomes, the third only found in.
 * Even if these blocks are found, the player can't obtain them without Silk Touch.
 * Spreading based mushroom farms are slow.
 * requires, which is hard to obtain in large quantities in early game.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be purchased from.
 * Restore more hunger than most food in the game (only beaten by with  effect, or a whole  cake).
 * Restore 12 saturation.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Like other stews, rabbit stew does not stack.
 * Unless purchased from a villager, they are difficult to craft.
 * A bowl of rabbit stew restores less hunger and saturation than all of its ingredients combined.
 * Crafting rabbit stew requires 5 ingredients including the, which can be hard to memorize.


 * Restores *
 * Restores *


 * Advantages:
 * Flowers and mushrooms are easy to find.
 * Restore 7.2 saturation.
 * It's almost like a, but with the notable addition of a status effect depending on the flower used.
 * When crafted with or, suspicious stew grants the effect  for 7/6 ticks (0.35/0.3 seconds), meaning an additional  hunger and 14 saturation, for a total of  hunger and 21.2 saturation.  While some of the saturation will likely be wasted, especially if the player is too hungry to begin with, the stew will at least raise the saturation to match the hunger gauge.
 * As long as the player has hunger, eating a single bowl of saturation suspicious stew will raise both hunger and saturation to full.
 * When crafted with an, it gives 8/6 seconds of instead, which heals , making it all but essential when  is turned off.
 * By a flower and then a  on a, a large amount of the corresponding suspicious stew can be created.
 * When crafted with an, it gives 8 seconds of , the only way to get this effect in survival mode, and is required for the advancement.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Like all other stews, suspicious stew doesn't stack.
 * Suspicious stew may have negative effects too (,, , or even ). Remembering the correct flower for the recipe is important.
 * Once a suspicious stew is crafted, there is no indication to the nature of its effect.
 * These two facts make it inadvisable to eat any suspicious stew that one didn't craft oneself; hence its name.

Low
These have a nourishment of 0.6, these are useful for achieving a full bar of both hunger and saturation when the current hunger bar is almost empty, if eaten with foods of higher tier of nourishment.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Apples can be obtained very early when or  are broken or decay.
 * Restore good enough hunger early in the game.
 * Can be crafted into golden apples.
 * Apprentice level can trade them.
 * Can be found on many structures chests.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Apples have only a chance of dropping only from those types of leaves.
 * Restore 2.4 saturation and few hunger points, making them worse than other foods.
 * Either breaking leaves to get them or finding a village can be difficult.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be eaten even when the hunger bar is full, allowing you to further raise saturation.
 * Once gotten from the, cheap to farm.
 * Can teleport the player to otherwise inaccessible locations, such as nearby unexplored caves or inside an enclosed structure.
 * While falling, can teleport player to the ground, saving the player from fatal falls.


 * Disadvantages:
 * The teleportation is random.
 * Has a cooldown of 1 second before it can be eaten again.
 * Only obtainable end-game.
 * s have to be manually broken or shot with a projectile, which can be annoying.
 * Restore 2.4 saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Found easily in s and lakes.
 * Eaten 0.5 seconds faster than other foods.
 * Can be turned into s, a potent fuel.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Is only worth eating if you have large amounts, and is more useful in its block state where it can be used as fuel.
 * You have to cook regular to get it.
 * Restore 0.6 saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages
 * Melon farming is easy to automate.
 * Each drops 3-7 melon slices, so you can quickly get a lot in only one harvest.
 * Melon slices can be crafted into s, which can be used to make a.
 * For food efficiency minded players, melon slices are almost never wasted on overfilling the hunger bar.
 * Melon slices can be crafted back into.
 * Melon plant stems will stay productive indefinitely without the need to replant them.


 * Disadvantages
 * can only be found in s in s, s, and s.
 * blocks are only found in s, savanna s and s.
 * Melon stems grow slowly and don't instantly spawn melon blocks even when grown with.
 * Only restore 1.2 saturation per slice, so a diet of melon slices needs frequent stops to eat.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be used on servers to show how much potato farming you have done ( pun intended).
 * No additional advantages otherwise.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Have a 60% chance to inflict the effect.
 * Rarely found in chests.
 * Restore 1.2 saturation and few hunger points.
 * Can't even be.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Potatoes may be found in plenty in farms.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Potatoes are far less nourishing than es.
 * Restore 0.6 saturation and few hunger points.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Pumpkin pie has a high hunger restoration value. Good choice for restoring hunger points before eating something with more saturation.
 * Its crafting recipe is shapeless, and fits within the 2×2 crafting grid of the player's inventory. This makes it possible to craft it anywhere without a or, as long as one is carrying the necessary ingredients (s,  and s).
 * Restore 4.8 saturation.
 * All ingredients required to craft pumpkin pie can be farmed completely automatically, using s and/or s.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Meats restore the same amount of hunger and far more saturation than pumpkin pie.
 * s are relatively rare, so it may take some time and traveling before the player is able to establish a pumpkin farm.
 * Pumpkin plants are slow to grow a pumpkin and only yield a single one per plant at a time.


 * ,, and
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Raw beef and raw porkchops are relatively quick to get.
 * Unlike, these meats do not carry a chance of contracting when eaten.
 * Cooking them gives their cooked versions.
 * s and s can drop up to 3 raw beef, and s and s can drop up to 3 and 4 raw porkchops respectively.


 * Disadvantages:
 * The availability of raw meat is dependent on the presence of animal mobs.
 * Raw meat offers significantly less food value than cooked meat.
 * Restore 1.8 saturation.
 * Killing hoglins isn't the best option unless it's a Nether survival, because they are hostile and deal massive damage.


 * and
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * s are relatively easier to find in the world than s or s, and and are also easy to find.
 * Chickens die faster, as they have only health, making obtaining raw chicken both time effective, and food/saturation effective.
 * Supplies of raw chicken are easier to maintain, as chickens also drop s which can be hatched into chicks for mass production of raw chicken rather than being dependent on or  for breeding.
 * can be to get.
 * Chicken farming can be automated, making for a useful way of collecting eggs, raw chicken and s, as long as the chunk is loaded.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Raw chicken has a 30% chance of giving the player.
 * or restores more hunger points and saturation.
 * Both restore 1.2 saturation.

Poor
With a nourishment value of 0.2, these foods will provide almost no saturation. They are basically snacks that will rarely ever overfill the saturation bar.


 * Restores (slice),  (whole)
 * Restores (slice),  (whole)


 * Advantages:
 * Cake can be used repeatedly and can be shared by several players as a feast item.
 * Can be used as a decoration block.
 * Cake can be eaten instantly without any eating animation and without switching the currently selected item.
 * Cake restores a lot of hunger when eaten as a whole.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Cake requires several different items to craft:, , an and three s. In addition, a  is required to use the recipe.
 * Once cake is placed, it cannot be retrieved. If the block below the cake is broken, the cake will disappear.
 * Cakes need to be placed to be eaten, which means they cannot be eaten in places where one cannot build.
 * If you only eat part of a cake, you'll have to come back to that exact spot to eat the rest of it later on.
 * Is not stackable $$.
 * Restore just 0.4 saturation, or 2.8 as a whole.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages
 * Crafted from two units of and one unit of.
 * The ingredients can be farmed in large quantities.
 * 8 cookies are made each time.
 * 1 batch of cookies relieves 19.2 points of hunger with only 2 units of wheat, much more efficient than bread.


 * Disadvantages
 * When fed to a, a cookie will kill the parrot instantly.
 * Cookies have a very low nourishment value.
 * Restore 0.4 saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Remove.
 * A player only needs to harvest it from a or.
 * Can be eaten while the hunger bar is full.
 * Compared to that removes all effects and cannot be stacked, honey bottles can stack to 16 and only removes poison.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Restore 1.2 saturation.
 * Harvesting it can be difficult without s or s, as s can get angered and will die after attacking the player once.
 * Can only stack up to 16.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Being the only way to obtain, eating pufferfish is needed to get the advancement.
 * An essential ingredient in brewing.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Pufferfish inflict, , and effects, draining  and keeping you down to  for 48 seconds.


 * and
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Raw cod or salmon can be used to tame s, trust s, or feed s.
 * Can be obtained by or killing, s, s, s, or s.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Raw fish is not nearly as nourishing as cooked fish.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Rotten flesh can be a good emergency food when other sources are depleted; if many pieces are eaten at once, the effect do not stack up, instead it will last only 30 seconds from the last piece eaten, and consume less hunger than granted by a single piece of rotten flesh.  Accordingly, eating multiple pieces of rotten flesh will still leave the player less hungry and perhaps allow some healing.
 * While in combat, eating rotten flesh is a good way of keeping your hunger topped off so that your health keeps regenerating, without wasting better quality food.
 * Rotten flesh may be used to feed and breed without poisoning them.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Has an 80% chance to trigger, depleting the hunger for thirty seconds.
 * Only restores 0.8 saturation.
 * Killing s for rotten flesh may be dangerous for unskilled players.


 * ''Restores
 * ''Restores


 * Advantages:
 * None, it is best to leave them in your brewing lab.
 * The only reasonable use is to fulfill the advancement.


 * Disadvantages:
 * They give for 4 seconds.
 * Restore 3.2 saturation.


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Are easily obtainable in large quantities while in a biome.
 * Sweet berries can be used to trust es.
 * es can be used as defenses, while can be used to get more berries.


 * Disadvantages:
 * The bush block causes damage to anything that enters its hitbox (except foxes).


 * Restores 
 * Restores 


 * Advantages:
 * Can be sold to fisherman villagers at a reasonable price.
 * They can be eaten to fulfill the advancement.


 * Disadvantages:
 * Can only be rarely caught from.
 * The mob can only be found in, or in warm, lukewarm oceans and deep variants.
 * Tropical fish restore little hunger and saturation.

Emergency measures
If your hunger meter is dropping and you have no food in hand, there are a few emergency measures you can take, depending on available resources.


 * Milk
 * If you have a bucket and a cow, milk the cow. The milk will let you fill up on rotten flesh, raw chicken, spider eyes, or poisonous potatoes, and then cure the illness.


 * Fast crops
 * If you have any potatoes or carrots, and some bone meal (craft 3 from one skeleton bone, or get from composter), you can make a hoe and till some dirt near any water source, then plant your vegetables and use the bone meal to make them mature more quickly. It can take several pieces of bone meal to get a mature plant. Cooking the potatoes is also a good idea. If you have the bone meal but no carrots or potatoes, you can destroy some tall grass near a river or lake, make and use a hoe, then plant seeds and use the bone meal to rapidly grow your wheat. The same caveats as above apply to the use of bone meal.


 * Doing nothing
 * You won't lose hunger bars if you don't do anything (walking, mining, healing, etc.). In hardcore especially, this can be a necessary strategy while waiting for crops or baby animals to grow.


 * Death
 * A last-ditch measure: If you're close to your bed or spawn point, stuff your inventory and armor into a chest or two … then die. On hard mode, you can just wait to die of starvation, otherwise, good methods are drowning, jumping off cliffs, or dropping gravel or sand on yourself. You will respawn with full health and hunger bars, and can then reclaim your stuff. Naturally, this method doesn't apply in hardcore. Note that this isn't a totally free solution: you lose most of your experience.

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