Ender Pearl

An Ender Pearl is an item which is used to teleport.

Endermen
Endermen may drop 0-1 ender pearl when killed.

Natural generation
Stronghold slab altar chests may contain 1 ender pearl.

Usage
To throw an Ender Pearl, you must press and will cause the user to teleport to its impact location, consuming the Ender Pearl, and dealing  damage to the user. Wearing armor enchanted with Protection and/or Feather Falling reduce the damage taken from the Ender Pearl. With enough protection and enough pearls, one could travel a long distance very quickly. Ender Pearls do not function in creative mode.

Ender Pearls are useful to teleport to hard-to-reach locations, such as up/down/across ravines or cliffs. (When teleporting downward, the key distance is 8 blocks -- if you're further up than that, the pearl will do less damage than jumping down would.)

Ender Pearls are necessary to craft Eyes of Ender, which are used to locate strongholds and activate End Portals. Therefore, Ender Pearls are crucial to reach The End unless you trade with villagers for Eyes of Ender.

Trivia

 * Ender Pearls can be used to teleport/move through non-solid blocks by pressing against the blocks and using the Ender Pearl at the player's feet until the player goes through.
 * It is possible to spawn a thrown Ender Pearl with the ID 14, but it does not teleport. This will only display the Ender Pearl sprite and disappear instantly.
 * If the player throws an Ender Pearl and then dies before impact, the player does not teleport after respawning, nor take fall damage from the pearl.
 * If the player throws an Ender Pearl in survival mode and changes to creative mode before the pearl lands, the player is still teleported.
 * The player is teleported if they throw an Ender Pearl and enter the Nether before it lands. The pearl is not lost if an Ender Pearl is thrown into a Nether Portal and the player travels through the portal,the pearl will appear and land and teleport the player as if you had just thrown it.
 * Ender Pearls can travel about 30 meters when thrown straight up and about 50 meters forward when thrown in a 45° angle.
 * Ender Pearls collide with vines, tall grass, Dead Bushes, Ferns, Flowers, all kinds of Saplings, all kinds of Mushrooms, all kinds of Minecarts, Boats, and Nether Portals.
 * If multiple Ender Pearls are thrown in succession, the player can only be hurt once from fall damage within about a one second span.
 * If a player dies from Ender Pearl teleportation, it will say: " hit the ground too hard".