Tutorials/Honey farming

Honey farming is the process of collecting honey bottles and honeycombs from beehives and bee nests. To get honeycombs, you can use shears when the beehive or bee nest has reached 5. Honeycomb is used for crafting your own beehives or bee nests for bees to inhabit, as well as for crafting decorative honeycomb blocks, candles, and waxing copper blocks. To get honey bottles, you can use an empty bottle on a hive or nest at honey level 5. Honey bottles are food items that are able to cure poison, and can also be used for crafting sugar and honey blocks, the latter of which have sticky properties that give them a variety of useful applications.

Honey is generated by bees after they collect pollen and nectar. Bees emerge from their home and go looking for flowers. After collecting pollen and nectar at the flowers, the bees return home and go inside to turn the nectar into honey. When done, the bees emerge again to look for more flowers. Over time the honey collects until the bee nest or beehive is full and can then be harvested by the player in various forms.

Obtaining Bees


The first step on your foray into apiculture is to find bees in your world. Your initial source of bees will be a naturally generated or spawned bee nest. Bee nests have a small chance to generate on oak or birch trees in specific biomes during world generation. After world generation, there is also a chance for a bee nest to spawn on a tree when that tree grows near flowers (see post-generation).

Bee nests and beehives both slowly fill up with honey over time as the bees do their work collecting pollen from flowers. If you find a natural bee nest and it is conveniently located, you can leave it as is and return to collect the honey when you want. Keep in mind that breaking a bee nest without Silk Touch will break it without dropping anything and all the bees that were both outside and inside the nest will swarm the player regardless of whether or not a campfire was placed underneath it. Aside from hazard to the player, this is disastrous because every bee which successfully stings you will die, and this can wipe out a hive.

If you want the bees at another location, you have a few options for getting them there. First, you will need a beehive at the new location. (Beehives are constructed using honeycomb. To get your first honeycomb, you will need to find a bee nest that has reached honey level 5 and then use shears on it. See Avoiding Bee Anger below.)  You can then bring bees to your hive from the nest. You can also just move a whole nest if you want, see below.

Bees can be lured using any type of flower (including 2-block flowers and wither roses), and can also be moved using leads. If you feed the bees the flowers, they will enter love mode and breed, producing a baby bee. However, if the bee nest is situated at a large distance from where you wish to do your beekeeping, a convenient way to transport bees is to break an occupied bee nest with a tool with Silk Touch and bring the nest with you. Bees that are occupying the nest when it is broken with a tool with Silk Touch will remain inside the nest as an item and will not get angry with you. Bees will attempt to return to their nests at night or when it is raining, making them both optimal times to break the nest.

If you don't have a tool with Silk Touch or don't want to remove the bee nest from its natural location, another option is to stay with the bees as they work until they have filled their nest with honey. Then, place a campfire at least two blocks directly below the hive, and put carpet on top of the campfire. The campfire keeps the bees from getting angry with you, and the carpet keeps you from cooking the bees alive.

When this is in place, use shears on the hive to extract three honeycombs (they'll fly out in a random direction). The honeycomb can be used to craft a beehive that you can place anywhere you like.

A beehive is functionally identical to a bee nest, but will not be destroyed if broken with a tool without Silk Touch (though it will cause the bees inside to exit the hive and swarm). Also, if you don't want to completely remove the original bee population, consider breeding your own group of bees from the original group to take home with you.

As of Java Edition 1.15.2, occupied bee nests additionally have a 5% chance to spawn on oak or birch trees in any biome that were grown from saplings within two blocks of any flower at the same y-level. With a bit of luck and a large enough supply of oak or birch saplings and bone meal, one can obtain bees relatively easily without having to travel, by repeatedly growing trees near flowers until one spawns a bee nest as it grows. This is also an ideal way to obtain bees in older worlds created prior to Java Edition 1.15, as it saves players from having to locate anything.

Helping Bees Work
Similar to villagers, bees follow their own schedule. During the day in clear weather, bees will leave their beehive or bee nest and wander around in search of flowers. When they have found a flower, they will hover over the flower for a short time to collect pollen. Once they have collected pollen, their appearance will change and they will begin heading back to their hives. When they get back, bees will enter the hive and begin working for 2 minutes. Once they are done, if it is still daytime and the weather is clear, they will exit the hive and repeat the process. When night falls or the weather is rainy or stormy, bees will try and return to their hives regardless of if they have collected pollen or not.



To help improve the efficiency of the bees' work, place flowers near the hive so they can gather pollen and return to their hive as quickly as possible. You can also improve the efficiency of your bees by relocating them to the Nether or the End, as neither dimension experiences weather or daylight cycles, meaning that bees can work at any time. If you're worried about bees wandering too far away from their hives, it may be wise to build an enclosure to both protect them and prevent them from straying too far away. This is especially important if you choose to keep the bees in The Nether or in The End, as these dimensions can be particularly dangerous.

It is worth noting that the pollen particles that fall from bees can cause crops to advance growth stages similar to using bone meal. Thus, it can be beneficial to build your beehives near your crops to allow the bees to help them grow faster, although doing so will not improve the bee's efficiency in making honey.

Protecting Your Bees
Be careful about hazards in the vicinity, remembering that bees explore a wide range and fly over fences and walls. Lava, fire, uncovered campfires, and cactus can all act as "bug-zappers" and wipe out your colony. Bees can also wander through nether portals! (You may want to keep a flower or two ready on the other side to help lure them back.) Aside from making the area safe, you may want to breed up an extra hive/nest or two, collect them with Silk Touch, and stash them someplace safe in case of disaster.

Once you've built up a few productive hives, aggravating your bees can be disastrous -- never mind the hazard to you, but every bee that successfully attacks you will die, which can wipe out whole hives. If you can't quickly escape to someplace where the bees can't follow you, the best option might be to just stand there and let the bees get it over with quickly, eating enough food that you won't be killed directly by the sting damage, and wait out the bee's deaths. (The poison damage can't kill you by itself, and if you already have a honey bottle you can cure it anyway.) After you've waited out the bees' deaths, keep waiting a bit longer -- if you're lucky, at least a few of your bees will be busy inside their hives for the duration of the attack, so they will survive and you can breed them to re-fill the newly-emptied hives. Keeping a full hive or two safely in a chest as backup (that is, harvested with Silk Touch) can also help with this situation.

Harvesting


Pollinated bees fly into beehives and start working for a while. When done, they exit the hive, increasing the honey level by 1. When the honey level has reached 5, the block's appearance changes, indicating that it is full of honey, and produces dripping honey particles if suspended above the ground. If shears are on a full beehive, it drops three honeycombs. Unlike with shearing pumpkins, these honeycomb items are generated directly in the center of the block, causing them to spray everywhere; however this inconsistency is intended. If an empty glass bottle is used on a full beehive, the bottle fills with honey, becoming a honey bottle. Harvesting honey or honeycomb causes any bees inside the hive to become aggravated toward the player. If there is a lit campfire; or fire directly underneath the hive (campfire within five blocks underneath, without obstruction), harvesting the hive does not aggravate the bees inside. Using a dispenser with a or  via redstone to harvest the hive or nest also prevents the bees from attacking the player.

$$, you can set the campfire below ground level and place a carpet on top of it if you don't want the bees to take damage from the campfire. The carpet does not block the smoke, so the player can harvest the honey without angering the bees.

Avoiding Bee Anger
When a player uses a bottle or a shear on a bee nest or a beehive, the bees in it get aggravated and try to attack the player. If they succeed in landing an attack, the player gets poisoned and the bees themselves die in roughly a minute.

To prevent the bees from getting angry, the player can light a campfire directly underneath the beehive or nest before harvesting. Since this carries the risk of bees taking damage from the fire, the campfire should be put out after use.

Or just place a carpet over the campfire. Then, it can stay there indefinitely without hurting bees in the nest or hive, and you can use shears any time the nest or hive is full. For this approach, you will need to put the campfire at least two blocks directly below the nest/hive (so you can put carpet in the block above it).

You can also collect bee products using a dispenser, as described in the automatic collection chapter below. If all the wiring seems overwhelming, just put a button on the side of the dispenser.

Even if there are no bees in a nest or hive, harvesting them or breaking them can anger bees if they are nearby. One way of making sure a nest or hive is empty before breaking it is to block all six sides of the hive with solid blocks so bees can't enter. Then wait until night and with no bees around, and the hive can be broken (or harvested) safely. The blocks must be solid and touching the hive. Fence posts, glass panes, and trap doors will not block the surface and contain the bees.

Once you've built up a few productive hives, aggravating your bees can be disastrous -- never mind the hazard to you, but every bee that successfully attacks you will die, which can wipe out whole hives. If you can't quickly escape to someplace where the bees can't follow you, the best option might be to just stand there and let the bees get it over with quickly, eating enough food that you won't be killed directly by the sting damage, and wait out the bee's deaths. (The poison damage can't kill you by itself, and if you already have a honey bottle you can cure it anyway.) After you've waited out the bees' deaths, keep waiting a bit longer -- if you're lucky, at least a few of your bees will be busy inside their hives for the duration of the attack, so they will survive and you can breed them to re-fill the newly-emptied hives. Keeping a full hive or two safely in a chest as backup (that is, harvested with Silk Touch) can also help with this situation.

Honey Bottles
Honey bottles can be farmed using glass bottles on beehives or bee nests. Bees will fly around a flower to collect pollen. If they carry the pollen back to their hive, then the honey level of the hive will be raised by 1. When the honey level reaches 5, the texture of the hive or nest will change to show honey dripping out, and you will be able to collect the honey. Then you can press the 'use item' button on the nest with a glass bottle in your hand to get a honey bottle. Honey bottles provide a stackable remedy for poison; unlike milk, they will not remove other buffs or debuffs.

Honey bottles can be crafted into honey blocks in your inventory's crafting grid; you do get the empty bottles back. Honey blocks have a variety of useful features: As a floor, they reduce fall damage by 80%, but also slow movement and jumping. As a wall, they let players slow their fall and avoid fall damage. When moved by pistons, they can drag along adjacent blocks and even creatures walking atop them. See their article for full details.

Honeycombs
Using shears on a hive or nest that is full of honey will extract three honeycombs. Four honeycomb can be crafted into a honeycomb block, which is a purely decorative block. As of 1.17, honeycombs can also be used to make candles, and to preserve copper blocks from (further) oxidation.

But, most immediately relevant, honeycombs are also used for crafting beehives. Here is the recipe for a beehive:

Automatic Harvesting


s can be used to harvest honey bottles and honeycomb from a hive using a redstone signal. The output of the dispenser must be pointing towards the beehive, and the dispenser must contain glass bottles to collect honey bottles, or shears to collect honeycomb. Collecting honey bottles will place the item directly into the dispenser, whereas collecting honeycomb will cause the items to drop onto the floor. You can prevent filled honey bottles from getting placed back in the dispenser by using an item filter below the dispenser. The benefit to using an item filter is that you will not need to fill each slot of the dispenser up. Dispensers will deplete the durability of the shears with every use. Note that harvesting from the hives using dispensers will not anger the bees, so placing campfires underneath them is not necessary if you are choosing to harvest this way.

s are able to output a redstone signal from a beehive based on the honey level of the hive. Every time a bee exits the hive after having worked with the pollen it has collected, the honey level will increase by 1. Each honey level increases the redstone output from a redstone comparator by 1, to a maximum of 5, which is when the hive will change the appearance and indicate it is ready for harvest. By using this mechanic, you can set up a system with the output signal to activate a dispenser as soon as the hive is full. The two designs shown are both tileable; the longer and more expensive one puts the hive on top.



s can also detect changes in the state of a beehive when its honey level changes, and they can be very effective at activating a dispenser as soon as it's ready to be harvested. However, the observer will also output a signal every time the honey level of the hive changes, not just when the hive is ready to be harvested. This is a problem if trying to collect honey bottles: If the hive is not ready to be harvested, the dispenser will eject a glass bottle when the observer activates it. This could lead to a lot of glass bottles being lost if you don't have a system to pick them back up again. Observers work better for harvesting honeycomb -- if the hive isn't ready, dispensers won't even wear down the shears, let alone eject them.

Honey Bottles


When a dispenser collects honey from a beehive or bee nest with a glass bottle in its inventory, a honey bottle will be placed into its inventory. In order to extract the honey bottles from a dispenser in a lossless fashion, the best way to do so is to set up an item sorter underneath the dispenser to collect only honey bottles. 8 of the 9 slots of the dispenser should be filled with as many glass bottles as possible, leaving at least one space empty for the honey bottles to go after the dispenser activates. The more glass bottles that are loaded into the dispenser, the longer this system is able to operate automatically before the dispenser requires restocking with more glass bottles. Note however that if the design in the sidebar is tiled as shown, the dispensers will be inaccessible -- the grass block in front of the dispenser needs to be replaced with a slab, fence, or trapdoor so it can be refilled with empty bottles. The top hopper in each row needs to be set up with 2 honey bottles in the first slot, and 11-13 "junk" items (stackable to 64) spread across the other slots. As honey is collected, one bottle will be kept in the lower hopper, but bottles after that will be passed on to the output.

Honeycombs
When a dispenser collects honey from a beehive or bee nest with shears in its inventory, 3 honeycombs will be ejected from the hive in a random direction and the shears inside the dispenser will lose 1 point of durability. Because of this, the goal is to restrict where the honeycombs can go and have a hopper or minecart with hopper to pick them up. Surrounding the hive in full blocks and leaving one block empty will help restrict where the honeycombs will be ejected. However, make sure that the front of the hive is not obstructed by any blocks, as it needs to be accessible to allow bees to enter and exit the hive.

The dispenser should be filled with as many shears as possible to maximize the time the system can operate before refilling. You could even set up a way to automatically restock the dispenser with shears when the durability runs out.

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