Options

Minecraft’s user environment can be configured through the Options setting. A few additional options can only be changed by editing the options.txt file manually.

Options
Selecting Options brings up the main options page:

Controls
From the main Options page, one can click down to Controls for configuring keyboard controls.

Language
Allows you to change the language that is viewed by your client.

Server options
As of Minecraft 1.8 the server options are found in the Multiplayer server list on the main menu and cannot be changed while in a world.

Resource Packs
Allows you to change your Resource pack settings.

Snooper Settings
Snooper allows Mojang to collect information about your machine to help improve Minecraft by knowing what they can support and where the biggest problems are. All of this information is completely anonymous and able to be viewed within the settings page. They promise they won't do anything bad with this data, but if you want to opt out then feel free to toggle it off!

Windows 10 Edition
As it is simply Pocket Edition ported to PC, it has only 2 different options from Pocket Edition Beta 0.13.1
 * Fullscreen
 * View Distance
 * Has 6th slider on supported devices

Console Edition
There are settings for the music, sound, gamma, visibility on maps, vertical split screen, view bobbing, and sensitivity. The option to turn bedrock fog on or off was present until title update 31 - which removed bedrock fog entirely.

Render distance varies depending on device.
 * On PS4 and Xbox One, the render distance is 18 chunks
 * On PS3, Xbox 360 and Wii U, the render distance is 10 chunks
 * On PS Vita, the render distance is 5 chunks