Java Edition 23w31a

23w31a is the first snapshot for Java Edition 1.20.2, released on August 2, 2023, which adds the Villager Trade Rebalance experimental toggle, adds command and fixes bugs.

Command format

 * A new command for randomizing values and controlling random sequences. The  and   forms can be used to draw a random value. In the case of , the resulting value is also shown in chat for all players.
 * Syntax:  or
 * Parameters:
 * : A range of values to randomize between, inclusively.
 * For instance, 1..6 is a regular D6 roll.
 * : The name of a random sequence to sample or reset.
 * : A seed to use for the random sequence after reset.
 * : A boolean [default: ] specifying whether to include the world seed when seeding the sequence.
 * means the sequence will evaluate to the same regardless of which world the command is run in.
 * : A boolean [default: ] specifying whether to include the sequence ID when seeding the sequence.
 * means all sequences will evaluate to the same regardless of which name they have.
 * By default, all sequences are seeded as,  ,  . Using   instead of a sequence ID resets all sequences and sets the default parameters.
 * If no seed is specified, the sequence resets to the default parameters.
 * Note that  used without a sequence id is available to non-operator players.
 * Note that  used without a sequence id is available to non-operator players.

General

 * Attributes
 * Added the  attribute.
 * Acts similar to, but instead of being the upper bound for  , it is the upper bound for.
 * The mob effect  increases   as well as fills the   to the max when applied.


 * Experiments
 * Added the "Villager Trade Rebalance" experimental toggle ( data pack).


 * Tags
 * Added the  block tag.
 * Contains  and.
 * Added the  block tag.
 * Contains every concrete powder.
 * Added the  damage type tag.
 * Causes knockback to not be caused by the damage itself.
 * Used for damage that is caused by events, such as explosions, which apply knockback separately.
 * Added the  entity type tag.
 * Contains entities that don't override their vehicle's movement control.

Blocks

 * Barrier
 * No longer produces fall particles when entities fall on them.
 * No longer creates particles when a player brushes them.
 * Can now be waterlogged by players in Creative mode.
 * Water cannot be placed in them or taken out by non-direct interactions such as dispensers.


 * Chorus Flower
 * No longer provides support for hanging or standing blocks.


 * Decorated Pots
 * Now have Creative inventory tooltips.


 * Enchanting Table
 * Reverted the texture of lapis slot to the texture before 1.18-pre5, to make the consistency with smithing table.


 * Fences and Fence Gates
 * Bamboo fence and bamboo fence gate are now grouped with the other ones in the Recipe book menu.


 * Pink Petals
 * The size of the hitbox now increases with the number of petals.


 * Sculk Sensor and Calibrated Sculk Sensor
 * Can now detect the following events:
 * Totems of undying activating.
 * Witches drinking a potion.
 * Turtles clearing away sand.
 * Camels standing up, sitting down, or dashing.


 * Smithing Table
 * Now in the custom recipes, the upgrade material can be sent to the GUI instantly with the + left click shortcut.

Items

 * Music Discs
 * The Pigstep music disc is now the last one of the music discs in the Creative inventory.

Mobs

 * Camels, Frogs, Goats and Sniffers
 * Now panic when damaged while attached to leads.


 * Villagers
 * The discount for curing a villager is no longer multiplied if the villager is reinfected and cured again.
 * Now attempt to spawn an iron golem every 30 seconds instead of 35.

Non-mob entities

 * Display entities
 * Display entities now start updating their client-side position and rotation on the first tick after an update.
 * In previous versions, updates were applied in the same tick, causing uneven motion.
 * New behavior is now similar to armor stands, mobs and players.
 * On the server, position and rotation are still updated immediately.
 * Duration of this interpolation is controlled by the field.
 * means that updates are applied immediately.
 * means that the display entity will move from current position to the updated one over one tick.
 * Higher values spread the movement over multiple ticks.
 * Please note that this value is clamped to avoid glitches due to periodic position updates.
 * The new value will apply only to position and rotation changes made after it changed.
 * That means any current movement will continue unchanged.
 * Note: behavior while riding remains unchanged from previous versions.

World generation

 * Ore distribution
 * Diamond ore is now generated more frequently in the deepslate layers of the Overworld.
 * Added a new ore blob placement: Uniform distributed, from height -64 to -4, with blob size 8, generation frequency 2 and a 50% chance of discarding when exposed to air.
 * Other existing diamond ore placements remain untouched.

Command format

 * Added  subcommand.
 * A new execute sub-command that runs a function or function tag and matches the return value(s). If a tag is given, all functions run regardless of the results of prior functions.
 * Syntax:
 * Parameters:
 * : The function or tag to run.
 * The matching of the result value of the function(s) that run:
 * At least one of the functions must succeeed for the match to succeed
 * A successful call is defined as a function that:
 * Uses the  command to return a value
 * The return value is not 0
 * The return value is not 0


 * New arguments:
 * : A data compound, enclosed in
 * : A data source specification, like what could already be used for
 * path: An NBT path specification
 * The data source and path must specify a compound data entry.
 * The compound must contain one entry for each variable used in the macro.
 * More data may be present in the compound and if so is ignored.
 * Calling a non-macro function with a data compound is silently ignored.
 * When a macro is called, the values provided are substituted in place of the variable specifications and the resulting commands are executed.
 * In order to improve performance when repeatedly calling with the same parameter, values in the provided compound which referenced in macro as parameters will cached.
 * Any syntax errors in the lines resulting from variable substitution result in the entire function call being skipped.
 * Any syntax errors in the lines resulting from variable substitution result in the entire function call being skipped.


 * Can now replace items in jukeboxes.
 * Can now remove items in chiseled bookshelves.
 * Can now remove items in chiseled bookshelves.


 * Added  subcommand.
 * This takes the  value from running the specified   and returns that as the return value of the function. In all other aspects, it works like return with a specified   value. If the given command fails, the return value is.
 * Syntax:
 * Syntax:


 * Functions
 * A single backslash  as the last non-whitespace character of a line now allows a command to be continued on the next line.
 * Leading and trailing whitespace of the following line are stripped before appending.
 * Functions can now contain macro lines, making them Function Macros.
 * Any line beginning with (as the first non-space character) marks a macro line.
 * A macro line also contains one or more substitutions in the form of.
 * Commands with variable subsitutions will be re-evaulated after substitution.
 * Running commands with this type have extra cost compared to pre-parsed functions.
 * Game will attempt to cache the result of certain parameter set being used in a call, to reduce costs when repeatedly calling.
 * When calling a function macro a compound with data for all argument variables must be provided.

Gameplay

 * Advancements
 * The "Smithing with Style" advancement now grants 150 experience upon completion.


 * Game rules
 * now affects the rate of accumulation of snow and ice the same way it affects crops and other blocks affected by random ticking.

General

 * Data pack
 * The version is now.


 * Debug screen
 * Values in the row will now show up as question marks when playing on a server, instead of wrong values.


 * Game Events
 * Added game event, to replace.


 * Multiplayer and World Selection screens
 * Renamed "Cancel" button to "Back".


 * Pack Metadata
 * New features have been added to datapacks and resource packs to allow creation of packs that are compatible with multiple versions of the game.
 * Pack metadata now includes an optional field  which describes a range for pack formats that this pack supports.
 * Examples:,  ,
 * field is still required and its format remains unchanged, to allow older game versions to read pack data.
 * If  is present, it must contain the value declared in
 * Since this new information is ignored by older versions of the game, they will always see a "normal", single-version pack, without any extended compatibility.
 * Packs can now contain overlay directories ("overlays").
 * Overlays are sub-packs applied over the "normal" contents of a pack.
 * These directories have the same layout as the top-level pack, including the  and   directories.
 * Overlays can be applied if they support the client's pack format.
 * Overlays can add and replace files, but not remove them.
 * For example, if the overlay  is applied, the file   will replace contents of assets/minecraft/textures/bar.png
 * and  are ignored in overlay directories
 * New section called  have been added to pack metadata.
 * It contains an  field, containing a list of overlays.
 * Every overlay entry has two fields:
 * - range of supported formats
 * - overlay directory (allowed characters: a-z, 0-9, _ and -)
 * Order of application: overlays are stacked from the bottom to top of the list.
 * For example, if a pack has two overlays:, the game will first look in B, then A and then in the top pack directory.


 * Resource pack
 * The version is now.
 * The process of upgrading a pack can be assisted by using an automated Slicer tool.
 * All textures containing multiple sprites in a sheet for GUI have been split into individual sprites under  (automated by Slicer tool).
 * All textures in the  namespace have been moved into the   namespace (automated by Slicer tool).
 * has been renamed to  (automated by Slicer tool).
 * and  GUI sprites are animated with   declarations instead of individual sprites (automated by Slicer tool).
 * The bundle tooltip background is now drawn as a nine-sliced sprite.
 * The icons for the Accessibility, Language, Realms News buttons have been split from their underlying button texture.
 * The Realms Invite button is now drawn as an overlay on the normal button texture.
 * The highlighted texture state for this button has been removed.
 * The highlighted states for Realms invitation number icons have been removed.
 * The exclamation marks on the  have been removed.


 * Scoreboard
 * The display slot selector is now.


 * server.properties
 * Added new  option (defaults to  ).
 * When set to, will prevent player IPs from being included in the log when players join the game.


 * Telemetry
 * Added a button to the Telemetry Data Collection Screen that links to the Microsoft Privacy Statement.


 * Other
 * History of used commands is now saved and accessible across worlds.
 * The last 50 commands that are sent in chat will be remembered across game sessions.
 * The command and chat history can be accessed by pressing or  in the chat.
 * Regular chat is only persisted within the same game session (leaving a server or world clears them).
 * Recent commands are stored in  in the game folder.
 * Optimized the way chunks are sent to clients to allow players with low-bandwidth internet connections to play on multiplayer servers.
 * Chunks are no longer sent over the network to the client in one big continuous batch.
 * They are instead sent in smaller batches depending on the available bandwidth. This means that:
 * Clients with extremely low-bandwidth connections will not time out while loading the world.
 * Clients with low-bandwidth connections can interact with the world while some chunks are still loading.
 * Only chunks within the client's render distance are now sent.
 * Changed network protocol to allow for more data-driven content in the future.
 * Configuration phase automatically starts after login phase (i.e. after client account has been verified) and lasts until the player joins the world (play phase).
 * Clients can stay in configuration phase indefinitely - it's up to server to release it to the world.
 * Servers can also request clients to re-enter the configuration phase after it has entered the play phase.
 * Other players will see such clients as disconnected.
 * Users in configuration phase will not be visible on the player list.
 * Actions allowed in configuration phase (moved from play phase).
 * Configuration of data-driven registries.
 * Configuration of enabled features.
 * Actions shared between configuration and play phases:
 * Application of server resource packs.
 * Update of tags.
 * Exchange of custom packets.
 * Ping and keep-alive packets.
 * The server will now negotiate resource pack in the configuration phase.
 * This means that the player will no longer be in world when answering prompts and reloading resources.
 * Added validation for symbolic links in datapacks and resource packs, to improve safety.
 * This feature expands on symbolic link validation in worlds added in the previous release.
 * The game will now warn users if a pack added via drag and drop contains disallowed symbolic links.
 * Packs containing disallowed symbolic links will not be visible in UI and commands.
 * Additionally, directories and files that are not recognized as packs will no longer be copied via drag and drop.
 * When hitboxes are displayed through, entities that have a passenger will display the passenger's attachment point.

Experimental changes
These changes are accessible by enabling the "Villager Trade Rebalance" experimental toggle.

Gameplay

 * Trading
 * Changed the trading mechanism of librarians selling enchanted books.
 * Instead of offering every possible enchanted book, librarians will now be offering specific enchanted books depending on which biome they come from.
 * Jungle and swamp villages do not generate naturally. Thus, players must breed villagers or cure zombie villagers in these biomes to access their trades.
 * All tradable enchanted books now split to special books and normal books.
 * Special books have a specific enchantment with a fixed level, and are only available from master librarians with full XP.
 * Normal books have a specific enchantment without a fixed level, just like before.
 * All enchantments used for crossbow, fishing rod, and trident are removed from trading.
 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! Category ! Desert ! Plains ! Savanna ! Snow ! Taiga ! Jungle ! Swamp
 * + Available tradable enchantments
 * Special
 * Efficiency III
 * Protection III
 * Sharpness III
 * Silk Touch
 * Fortune II
 * Unbreaking II
 * Mending
 * Normal
 * Fire Protection Thorns Infinity
 * Punch Smite Bane of Arthropods
 * Knockback Curse of Binding Sweeping Edge
 * Aqua Affinity Looting Frost Walker
 * Blast Protection Fire Aspect Flame
 * Feather Falling Projectile Protection Power
 * Depth Strider Respiration Curse of Vanishing
 * }
 * Depth Strider Respiration Curse of Vanishing
 * }


 * Changed the wandering trader trades.
 * Trade list now made up by following trades, in order:
 * Buying Trade (new) × 2
 * Special Selling Trade × 2
 * Ordinary Selling Trade × 5
 * Added new buying trades, some selling trades, and changed some existing selling trades:
 * {| class="wikitable"

! Category ! Item wanted ! Quantity ! Item given ! Quantity ! Trades until disabled
 * + New trades of wandering traders
 * Buying
 * 4
 * 1
 * 1
 * Buying
 * 1
 * 3
 * 1
 * Buying
 * 1
 * 1
 * 1
 * Buying
 * 1
 * 2
 * 1
 * Buying
 * 1
 * 1
 * 1
 * Buying
 * 1
 * 2
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 6-20
 * (Enchanted)
 * 1
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 5
 * (Long)
 * 1
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * }
 * {| class="wikitable"
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 6-20
 * (Enchanted)
 * 1
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * Special Selling
 * 5
 * (Long)
 * 1
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * }
 * {| class="wikitable"
 * Special Selling
 * 5
 * (Long)
 * 1
 * 1
 * Special Selling
 * 1
 * 8
 * 4
 * }
 * {| class="wikitable"
 * 8
 * 4
 * }
 * {| class="wikitable"

! Category ! Item wanted ! Quantity ! Item given ! Quantity ! Trades until disabled
 * + Changed trades of wandering traders
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * Special Selling -> Ordinary Selling
 * 5 -> 3
 * 1
 * 4
 * Special Selling -> Ordinary Selling
 * 5 -> 3
 * 1
 * 4
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 4
 * 8 -> 2
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 2 -> 5
 * 5 -> 2
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 3 -> 1
 * 1
 * 6
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * }
 * 2 -> 5
 * 5 -> 2
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 3 -> 1
 * 1
 * 6
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * }
 * 12 -> 4
 * Ordinary Selling
 * 1
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * }
 * 1 -> 3
 * 12 -> 4
 * }

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